anatomy ch 16

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which are true of rods?

- There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - They function well in dim light

which are true of the olfactory hairs?

- They are unmyelinated - They are immobile

what are the functions of the auditory ossicles?

- transmit sounds waves to inner ear - amplify sound

which are the correct names for the tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?

-eustachian tube -pharyngotympanic tube -auditory tube

the sclera is

-provides for eye shape -is made of dense connective tissue

the cochlea has three fluid-filled ducts. which are the names of these ducts?

-scala tympani -cochlear duct -scala vestibull

Each eye has ___ lacrimal puncta

2

Equilibrium

A state of balance

which are basic taste sensations?

Umami Sweet Sour

hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve?

VIII

the tympanic cavity is filled with ___

air

the semicircular ducts are involved in detecting ____ acceleration

angular

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?

anterior cavity

what type of fluid is found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball?

aqueous humor

sound waves are funneled into the ear by the ____

auricle

which type of receptor detects pressure changes?

baroreceptor

When the ___ membrane moves, the ___ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.

basilar, stereocilia

olfactory receptor cells are _____ neurons

bipolar

somatic receptors are found within

body wall

Chemoreceptors

chemicals

gustatory cells are _____

chemoreceptors

receptors that detect chemicals are called____

chemoreceptors

what type of receptor detects molecules dissolved in fluid?

chemoreceptors

the iris is continuous with the ____

ciliary body

the auditory sensory axons of the ___ branch of cranial nerve number ____ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brain stem

cochlear; 8

what type of photoreceptors detects color?

cones

the sphincter pupillae ___ the pupil

constricts

the receptors for the special senses are found within the ____

cranium

what is the name of the elevated region of the ampulla of the semicircular canal?

crista ampullaris

what is the name of the gelatinous dome with embedded stereocilia of the semicircular canal?

cupula

light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different

densities

what type of flui is found in region A of the inner ear?

endolymph

hyperopia

farsightedness

the external layer of the eyeball is the ___tunic

fibrous

the outmost layer of the eye is called the ____ tunic

fibrous

the lens is ____ when we are viewing faraway objects

flattened

what disease causes fluid build up in the eye, dislocating the lens?

glaucoma

which may result in symptoms such as reduced field of vision, dim vision, and/or halos around lights?

glaucoma

the vestibulocochlear nerve transmit ___ information

hearing and equilibrium

the retina is the ____ layer of the eye wall

internal

what structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?

iris

what type of receptors detects deep pressure and vibration?

lamellar corpuscles

Pacinian corpuscles are also called ____

lamellated corpuscles

the nasolacrimal duct is found on the ____ side of the nose

lateral

the utricle and saccule are involved in functions involving the position of the head?

linear acceleration and static equilibrium

accommodation is the process of making the lens _____

more spherical

the vibration of the tympanic membrane causes ____

movement of the ossicles

myopia

nearsightedness

the optic disc contains ____ photoreceptors

no

emmetropia

normal vision

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?

optic disc

accommodation is controlled by the ___ division of the nervous system

parasympathetic

the sphincter pupillae is controlled by the ____ division of the nervous system

parasympathetic

olfactory receptors ____

perceive odors

if stimulated over a period of time, ____ receptors lose eventually sensitivity

phasic

what type of receptor can undergo adaptation?

phasic

aqueous humor is secreted into the ____ chamber before traveling to the ____ chamber of the eye

posterior-anterior

Baroceptors

pressure

what type of receptor monitors changes in body position?

proprioception

the types of the receptor that include only the somatic sensory receptors within joints, muscles, and tendons are called _____.

proprioceptors

As tears drain, through the lacrimal caruncle, they enter small holes called the lacrimal _________

puncta

the iris controls the size of the ____

pupil

The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______.

receptive field

the apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called

refraction

Photoreceptors

respond to light

the lens is ____ when we are viewing close-up objects

rounded

the vestibule contains two structures, the utricle, and ____

saccule

what structure is the "white" of the eye?

sclera

what structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?

sclera

which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles?

sclera

When a figure skater does a lengthy spin on ice, it is the sensory receptors in her _________ _________ of the inner ear that are informing her brain about the position of her moving head

semicircular

which structures are part of the vestibular complex?

semicircular ducts, utricle, saccule

audition

sense of hearing

olfaction

sense of smell

Gustation

sense of taste

Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field.

small

We use the sense of ____ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger.

smell

olfaction is the sense of _____

smell

taste buds are found on the tongue and _____

soft palate

which auditory ossicle contacts the oval window?

stapes

tactile cells associated with tactile discs are located in the ____

stratum basale

A flattened dendritic disc is a type of unencapsulated receptor called a ______.

tactile disc

tactile cells are associated with _____

tactile discs

Thermoreceptors

temperature

Nociceptors

tissue damage

Gustation is the sense of ________

to taste

True or Flase: it is utricle and saccule that inform your brain that your head is upright

true

which taste sensation translates as "delicious flavor" and is perceived as a meaty flavor?

umami

the vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ____

uvea

stretch receptors in the stomach would be classified as what type?

visceral sensory

In the eye, the ________ humor is gelatinous

vitreous

the posterior cavity contains the ____ humor

vitreous


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