Anatomy CH6

How many bones make up the skull?

22

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

80

The coronal suture is the boundary between which bones? A) frontal and parietal B) frontal and nasal C) frontal and sphenoid D) parietal and temporal E) nasal and vomer

A

The lumbar and cervical curves of the vertebral column are called A) secondary curves. B) primary curves. C) tertiary curves. D) quaternary curves. E) None of the answers are correct.

A

The parietal, temporal, frontal, and occipital bones are part of (the) A) cranium. B) skull. C) facial bones. D) axial skeleton. E) None of the answers are correct.

A

The posterior tubercle is a part of the A) atlas. B) vertebra prominens. C) anticlinal vertebra. D) axis. E) thoracic vertebra.

A

The primary curvatures of the spine serves mainly to A) accommodation of the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera. B) aligning the weight of the head over the legs. C) shifting the weight of the trunk to the hips and lower extremities. D) increasing the ability to extend the limbs. E) take weight off of the hips.

A

What event causes the cervical curve to begin development? A) an infant begins to lift his or her head B) walking begins C) intrauterine events D) the birth process E) None of the answers are correct.

A

Which bone makes up most of the floor of the orbit? A) maxilla B) sphenoid C) frontal D) palatine E) ethmoid

A

Which of the following is the connection point between the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton? A) sternum - clavicle B) vertebra - skull C) pelvis - femur D) vertebra - scapula E) vertebra - sacrum

A

Compression fracture is most likely to occur in which of the following bones? A) mandible B) ethmoid C) vertebra D) rib E) parietal bone

C

The facial bone that is midsagittal structure is the A) maxilla. B) lacrimal. C) vomer. D) palatine. E) zygomatic.

C

The frontal bone of an infant is separated into two bones by the A) coronal suture. B) anterior suture. C) frontal suture. D) sagittal suture. E) longitudinal suture.

C

The most inferior portion of the sternum is called the A) manubrium. B) body. C) xiphoid process. D) sternal angle. E) sternal groove.

C

The part of the vertebra that transfers weight along the long axis of the vertebral column is (are) the A) spinous process. B) transverse process. C) vertebral body. D) vertebral arch. E) vertebral pedicles.

C

The small depression on temporal bone that the mandibular condyle fits into is called (the) A) temporal fossa. B) temporal foramen. C) mandibular fossa. D) mandibular foramen. E) None of the answers are correct.

C

The temporal processes are part of what bone? A) occipital B) temporal C) zygomatic D) sphenoid E) maxilla

C

The temporomandibular joint is A) the location of the insertion of the temporalis muscle. B) the suture between the temporal and maxillary bones. C) the site of the articulation between the cranium and mandible. D) the first suture to be completely ossified in the adult skull. E) None of the answers are correct.

C

The axis is vertebra number ________.

C2

The major function of the body of the vertebra is A) allowing twisting motions. B) providing support. C) protection of the spinal cord. D) transferring weight along the axis of the vertebral column. E) providing a passageway for nerves.

D

The vertebral arches surround and protect the A) spinal nerves. B) cranial nerves. C) vertebrae. D) spinal cord. E) ribs.

D

Which of the following features belongs to the occipital bone? A) mental foramen B) mandibular foramen C) coronoid process D) hypoglossal canal E) mylohyoid line

D

Which of the following bones supports some of the weight of the brain? A) frontal bones B) lacrimal bones C) zygomatic bones D) parietal bones E) ethmoid bone

E

Which of the following features belongs to the mandibular bone? A) supraorbital margins B) supraciliary arches C) frontal suture D) lacrimal fossa E) mental foramen

E

The sphenoid bone has two condylar processes.

False

CPR involves forcefully depressing the sternum.

True

The ethmoid bone contains a superior projection called the crista galli.

True

The ethmoid bone is a light spongy bone that forms much of the inner structure of the nose and attaches to the falx cerebri.

True

The infraorbital foramen allows blood vessels and nerves to pass through the maxilla.

True

The inner ear bones or ossicles are located within the temporal bones.

True

The mastoid process is part of the temporal bone.

True

The sacrum is actually the result of five fused sacral vertebrae.

True

How many intervertebral discs are there?

23

In the normal adult, there are ________ distinct curvatures to the vertebral column.

4

Injury to what region of the vertebral column is usually most threatening? A) cervical B) thoracic C) lumbar D) sacral E) coccygeal

A

Pregnancy can cause which of the following abnormal curvatures of the back? A) lordosis B) scoliosis C) kyphosis D) All of the answers are correct. E) None of the answers are correct.

A

Surgery of the spinal cord most often involves cutting of the A) lamina. B) transverse process. C) superior articular facet. D) spinous process. E) body.

A

Which of the following openings is found within the frontal bone? A) supra-orbital foramen B) foramen spinosum C) foramen lacerum D) optic canal E) foramen ovale

A

Which of the following structures makes up the superior portion of the nasal septum? A) perpendicular plate B) cribriform plate C) inferior nasal concha D) vomer E) None of the answers are correct.

A

Which of the following sutures is found in the infant but sometimes has no evident marking in the adult? A) frontal B) coronal C) squamous D) lambdoid E) sagittal

A

Problems with proper growth of the skull can be caused by A) expansion of the brain. B) early closure of the sagittal and coronal sutures. C) ossification of the bony processes that form the temporomandibular joint. D) retarded ossification of the fontanels. E) None of the answers are correct.

B

Ribs 1—10 articulate with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae and (the) A) spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae. B) transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae. C) spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae. D) xiphoid process of the sternum. E) None of the answers are correct.

B

The bony structure of the orbit is composed of which of the following? A) maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, and palatine only B) ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic, and palatine C) zygomatic, nasal, frontal, and sphenoid only D) zygomatic, nasal, frontal, sphenoid, palatine, lacrimal, and temporal E) None of the answers are correct.

B

The divisions of the skeletal system include (the) A) dorsal and ventral. B) axial and appendicular. C) proximal and distal. D) cranial, caudal, and anterior. E) None of the answers are correct.

B

The point of attachment for muscles that extend and rotate the head is the A) styloid process. B) mastoid process. C) posterior clinoid process. D) articular tubercle. E) external occipital protuberance.

B

The primary curves of the vertebral column are the A) cervical and thoracic. B) thoracic and sacral. C) dorsal and ventral. D) thoracic and coccygeal. E) cervical, lumbar, and sacral.

B

Which of the following bones contain the infraorbital foramen? A) zygomatic B) maxilla C) frontal D) ethmoid E) sphenoid

B

Which of the following describes the occipital bone? A) covers the parietal lobes of the brain B) contains the foramen magnum C) bears mandibular fossa D) is paired in the adult E) makes up the forehead

B

Which of the following lists includes only facial bones? A) frontals, nasals, parietals, and occipital B) maxillae, palatines, mandible, zygomatics, lacrimals C) sphenoid, ethmoid, maxillae, and mandible D) inferior conchae, vomer, ethmoid, nasal, lacrimals, and sphenoid E) None of the answers are correct.

B

Which of the following structures can most easily be felt on the dorsum? A) transverse process B) spinous process C) body D) intervertebral disc E) pedicle

B

The true ribs A) consist of twelve pairs. B) are the only ribs that are unpaired. C) attach to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions. D) attach only to the vertebral column. E) attach directly to the body of the sternum by bone to bone contact.

C

Which of the following bones makes up most of the medial wall of the orbit? A) frontal bone B) sphenoid bone C) ethmoid bone D) zygomatic bone E) maxilla

C

Which of the following can be found on cervical vertebrae only? A) facets B) transverse processes C) multiple foramina D) laminae E) spinous processes

C

Which of the following contains the foramen ovale? A) frontal B) temporal C) sphenoid D) ethmoid E) maxillary

C

Which of the following is true of the foramen magnum? A) It allows passage of the carotid arteries into the head. B) It is located between the parietal and occipital bones. C) It is located in the inferior surface of the occipital bone. D) It is the second largest foramen in the cranium. E) None of the answers are correct.

C

Which of the following organ systems would most likely be affected by breaking a rib? A) endocrine B) digestive C) respiratory D) excretory E) All of the answers are correct.

C

Which of the following vertebral column levels has the thickest intervertebral disc? A) between C1 and C2 B) between C7 and T1 C) between T12 and L1 D) All of the answers are correct. E) None of the answers are correct.

C

Bones within the temporal bone that are important to hearing are called A) acoustic bones. B) external acoustic meatus. C) internal acoustic meatus. D) auditory ossicles. E) None of the answers are correct.

D

Choose the type of rib and number of ribs that matches. A) true ribs; 6 B) false ribs; 4 C) true ribs; 4 D) floating ribs; 4 E) true ribs; 10

D

The large "soft spot" on top of an infant's head A) occurs where the parietal and frontal bones have not yet grown together. B) is one of several fontanels in an infant skull. C) is covered in fibrous connective tissue. D) All of the answers are correct. E) None of the answers are correct.

D

The largest of the paranasal sinuses is (are) located within which of the following bones? A) frontal bone B) sphenoid C) ethmoid D) maxillae E) nasal bone

D

The squamous suture is the boundary between which bones? A) frontal and parietal B) frontal and nasal C) frontal and sphenoid D) parietal and temporal E) nasal and vomer

D

Which bone is not part of the skull? A) ethmoid B) sphenoid C) palatine D) hyoid E) zygomatic

D

Which of the following organs is protected by the rib cage? A) lungs B) heart C) thymus D) All of the answers are correct. E) None of the answers are correct.

D

Bones of the skull that articulate with the zygomatic bone include (the) A) temporal bone. B) frontal bone. C) maxillary bone. D) sphenoid. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

False ribs are also known as A) vertebrosternal ribs. B) vertebrochondral ribs. C) vertebral ribs. D) floating ribs. E) both vertebrochondral ribs and floating ribs.

E

Features of the maxillae include A) sinuses. B) alveolar processes. C) orbital surfaces. D) inferior orbital foramina. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

Someone who is referred to as having a "large chin" likely has a very prominent A) mandibular notch. B) mandibular body. C) maxilla. D) mandibular angle. E) mental protuberance.

E

The structure that houses the pituitary gland is called the A) crista galli. B) greater wing. C) lesser wing. D) dorsum sellae. E) sella turcica.

E

Which of the following bones bear teeth? A) maxillae B) mandible C) palatine bones D) lacrimal bones E) maxillae and mandible

E

Which of the following bones might be broken during strangulation? A) mandible B) temporal bone C) sphenoid bone D) nasal bone E) hyoid bone

E

Which of the following is true of the vomer bone? A) It is a part of the ethmoid bone. B) It forms a part of the bridge of the nose. C) It is located lateral to the nasal septum. D) It supports the olfactory epithelium. E) It forms part of the nasal septum.

E

Which of the following vertebral curvatures is convex anteriorly? A) sacral B) thoracic C) cervical D) lumbar E) both cervical and lumbar

E

Which type of vertebra has a transverse costal facet? A) coccygeal B) sacral C) cervical D) lumbar E) thoracic

E

The first cervical vertebra is the axis.

False

The lacrimal bones form the cheekbones and some of the lateral wall of the orbit.

False

The lowest section of the vertebral column is the sacrum.

False

The mandible is the upper jaw bone.

False

The opening that permits sounds to reach the middle ear cavity is called the internal acoustic meatus.

False

The temporal bone contains the foramen magnum and forms part of the wall of the jugular foramen.

False

The ________ is superior most portion of the cranial vault, with the frontal bone as it's floor.

anterior cranial fossa

The proper name for C1 is the ________.

atlas

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage collectively form the ________ skeleton.

axial

The ________ ribs attach only to the vertebra, and not the sternum.

floating

The only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone is the ________.

hyoid

The ________ bones are the smallest bones of the skull.

lacrimal

The ________ bone makes up most of the floor of the middle cranial fossa.

sphenoid

The ________ and the middle nasal conchae are thin scrolls of ethmoid bone that project into the nasal cavity.

superior nasal conchae

The ________ is a bone that forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum and articulates with both the maxillae and palatines along the midline.

vomer

The cheekbones are anatomically termed the ________ bones.

zygomatic

A point of contact between the axial and appendicular skeletons is the manubrium.

True

The sphenoid bone contains the foramen rotundum and superior orbital fissure.

True

The sternum serves as an anterior attachment site for the true and false ribs.

True

The structures that supports the head on the vertebral column are the occipital condyles.

True

The ________ arise at the junction of the vertebral pedicles and laminae, and are divided into a superior type, which projects cranially, and an inferior type, which projects caudally.

articular processes

The superior portion of the sternum has a central jugular notch located between the ________.

clavicular articulations

Incomplete closure of the ________ during development results in a condition known as spina bifida.

laminae or vertebral arch

Bones of the axial skeleton form the ________ axis of the body.

long or longitudinal

Vertebrae with large bodies and broad processes are the ________ vertebrae.

lumbar

The ________ foramen is located on the internal surface of the ramus of the mandible.

mandibular

The anterior two-thirds of the hard palate is part of the ________ bones.

maxillary

The ________ processes are vertical projections of the sphenoid bone that are important sites for attachment of muscles that move the lower jaw and soft palate.

pterygoid

The group of five vertebrae that are normally fused and have a broad surface for muscle attachment are the ________ vertebrae.

sacral

Soft spots in the infant skull located near the "temples" on the lateral side of the head are called ________.

sphenoidal fontanels

Misalignment of adjacent vertebrae can result in many pain symptoms and functional impairment because of compression of the ________ that exit between vertebrae.

spinal nerves

The boundary between the parietal and ________ bones on each side of the skull is marked by the squamosal suture.

temporal

The freely movable joint in the skull occurs between the mandible and the ________ bone.

temporal

The ________ are bones contained within the tympanic cavity of the temporal bone.

three auditory ossicles

The ________ foramina are exclusive to the cervical vertebra.

transverse