The Digestive System Quiz

the inner wall of the small intestine is covered with millions of microscopic, finger-lie projections called ______, through which nutrients can be absorbed into the body.

villi

Your digestive system works on the foods you eat for about:

20 hours

The Esophagus, which is a narrow, muscular tube is approximately this long.

25 centimeters

The stomach can hold up to this much food.

4L

What parts of the digestive system do crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis affect?

Colon

What is one of the main factors contributing to irritable bowel syndrome?

Diarrhea

What component in food should people with celiac disease avoid eating?

Gluten

Organs involved in the digestive system include:

Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum.

Is there a cure for celiac disease?

No, but you can follow a strict gluten free diet.

The liver's role is to?

Remove harmful substances from the blood

What is the workhorse of the digestive system and what three segments make this up?

The intestine. the duodenum, which continues the breakdown of food; and the jejunum and ileum, which are mainly responsible for the absorption of nutrients.

What does the stomach do?

The stomach is like a mixer, churning and mashing together all the small balls of food that came down the esophagus into smaller and smaller pieces

A valve called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is located just before the opening to the stomach. What does this valve do?

This valve opens to let food pass into the stomach from the esophagus and it prevents food from moving back up into the esophagus from the stomach.

The small intestine is ___ long, has a diameter of ___ and surface area equal to ___

about 7 m long, 2.5 cm, 250 square meters.

What are the three common disorders of the digestive system?

celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

What are the two main types of irritable bowel disease?

crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

the small intestine is made up of three parts:

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the?

duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine. These enzymes break down protein, fats, and carbohydrates.

the alimentary canal or digestive tract, is made up of the:

esophagus, stomach, and intestines

The _____ stores bile before it is sent to the small intestine to break down ______.

gall bladder, fats

The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder help digestion in these ways, respectively:

making enzymes, making bile and processing nutrients, and storing bile.

The digestive process starts in the?

mouth

in the stomach...

muscles churn and mix the food with acids and enzymes , glands make 3 quarts of digestive juices each day, food leaves as a thick liquid called chyme.

the digestive system breaks down food into:

nutrients

Waves of muscle contractions called _______ force food down through the esophagus to the stomach.

peristalsis

These move food through the digestive system:

smooth muscle

What is the role of the gallbladder?

stores bile until it's needed for digestion.

During the process of absorption, nutrient from food go from:

the intestines into the bloodstream