anatomy muscular system test review

The deltoid acts to

abduct arm

Which filiament is a thin twisted protein that contains specific active sites ?

actin

Myofibrils are made primarily of _

actin and myosin

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from

actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action ?

adductor

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action?

adductor

What type of endurance is gained from preforming increased amounts of brief, intense workouts. Such as sprinting or weightlifting.

anaerobic endurance

A skeletal muscle that is not regularly stimulated by a motor neuron will become smaller and weaker; such as in those individuals that are paralyzed by spinal injuries. The term used when this occurs to the muscles is _______________.

atrophy

aponeruosis

attach muscle to muscle (in some areas)

The muscle that flexes the knee

biceps femoris

Rigor mortis occurs at death due to a lack of

blood circulation to move Calcium ions out of the cell.

In infants, which muscle produces suction for suckling at the breast ?

buccinator

The muscle that compresses the cheeks, as when pursing the lips and blowing forcefully, is the ________.

buccinator

external intercostals

internal intercoastals

biceps brachii

radius

Specific name for the plasma membrane of the myofiber

sarcolemma

The area between the Z lines is the _________

sarcomere

What muscle types guard the enterance and exits of the body ?

sphincters

Which of the following acts to flex the neck?

sternocleiodmastoid

external intercoastals

superior border next to rib

internal intercoastals

superior border of the preceding rib

pectoralis major

supraspinatus

diagastric

temporal bone/mandible

Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups?

triceps brachii

biceps brachii

triceps brachii

_ moves away from the active sites.

tropomyosim

At rest, active sites of the actin are covered by

tropomyosin

Muscles dominated by fast fibers appear _________.

white

Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscle cells are involuntary

Which of the following describes the action of the trapezius?

elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula

A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called

epimysium

rectus femoris

extends leg at knee

gastrocnemius

extension at the ankle

The following describes _______ type of skeletal muscle fibers. - Produce powerful contractions - Fatigue rapidly - Few mitocondria

fast

biceps femoris

femur

A muscle _________ contains a sarcolemma, sacroplasm and myofibrils

fiber

soleus

fibula/tibia

biceps femoris

flexes leg at the knee

tibialis anterior

flexion at ankle

Which of the following muscles acts to flex the finger joints and wrist?

flexor digitorum

tibilais anterior

gastrocnemius

Which muscle has an action of hip extension.

gluteus maximus

tensor fasciae latae

gluteus maximus

latissimus dorsi

humerus

flexor carpi ulnaris

humerus/ulna

tensor fasciae latae

ilium

The orgin of the soleus is ________ and the insertion is __________

Fibula/tibia; calcaneus

After a contraction, the sarcomere will return to a resting state; which is

. Calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns

Aponeruosis

A broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. Similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone.

tendon

Attaches muscle to bone

Choose the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring group

Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semitendinosus

How do skeletal muscles produce movement ?

By pulling on tendons that then moves bones.

Tendon

Connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone

Consider the Sliding Filament Theory: Observed changes in the sarcomere. Which band or line gets smaller during a muscle contraction ?

I band

Which statement regarding "heat loss" is true?

Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature

Diaphragm

Muscle used for inhalation for breath

Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis

Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature.

Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true

Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels.

___________ is the abductor of the shoulder

Supraspinatus

allows for electrical stimuli sent from the brain, to reach deep into each fiber

T tubules

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system?

Tolerance for exercise decreases.

What creates "cross-bridges"

When the myosin heads bind to the active sites

What is the name of the areas circled in black ?

Z lines

Active muscles generate

carbon dioxide and heat

deltoid

clavicle/scapula

After death, rigor mortis lasts until

decompostion begins

The muscle that adducts the shoulder is the

deltoid

The supraspinatus assists the ______________ muscle.

deltoid

Which of the following muscles is named for its shape?

deltoid

lastissiumus dorsi

deltoid

Muscle used for inhalation of breath

diaphragm

masseter

elevates the mandible

anerobic endurance"

is used during long, slow athletic activities

masseter

mandible

Which of the following is a muscle that originates from the zygomatic arch and functions in elevating the mandible?

masseter

diagastric

masseter

sternocleidmastoid

mastoid of skull

buccinator

maxillary/mandible

flexor carpi radialis

metacarpal

Muscles whose names contain the root cervi- would be found in the

neck

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the

origin

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called

perimysium

An olympic long distance marathon winner most likely has an increase numb

slow

The following describes ___________ fibers -Contains increased amount of capillary networks, providing oxygen - Contain a red pigment called myoaglobin - Contain oxygen reserves - Contain a relatively larger number of mitochondria than do fast muscle fibers

slow

A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more __________ in his or her leg muscles

slow fibers

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is

smooth

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is ______

smooth

The muscle that inserts with the gastrocnemius to the calcaneus, via the calcaneal tendon, is the

soleus

Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers

the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell.

myosin

thick filament

actin

thin filaments

trapezius

thoracic vertebrae

Which muscle inserts on the clavicle and scapula?

trapezius