anatomy muscular system test review
The deltoid acts to
abduct arm
Which filiament is a thin twisted protein that contains specific active sites ?
actin
Myofibrils are made primarily of _
actin and myosin
The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from
actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere
Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action ?
adductor
Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action?
adductor
What type of endurance is gained from preforming increased amounts of brief, intense workouts. Such as sprinting or weightlifting.
anaerobic endurance
A skeletal muscle that is not regularly stimulated by a motor neuron will become smaller and weaker; such as in those individuals that are paralyzed by spinal injuries. The term used when this occurs to the muscles is _______________.
atrophy
aponeruosis
attach muscle to muscle (in some areas)
The muscle that flexes the knee
biceps femoris
Rigor mortis occurs at death due to a lack of
blood circulation to move Calcium ions out of the cell.
In infants, which muscle produces suction for suckling at the breast ?
buccinator
The muscle that compresses the cheeks, as when pursing the lips and blowing forcefully, is the ________.
buccinator
external intercostals
internal intercoastals
biceps brachii
radius
Specific name for the plasma membrane of the myofiber
sarcolemma
The area between the Z lines is the _________
sarcomere
What muscle types guard the enterance and exits of the body ?
sphincters
Which of the following acts to flex the neck?
sternocleiodmastoid
external intercoastals
superior border next to rib
internal intercoastals
superior border of the preceding rib
pectoralis major
supraspinatus
diagastric
temporal bone/mandible
Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups?
triceps brachii
biceps brachii
triceps brachii
_ moves away from the active sites.
tropomyosim
At rest, active sites of the actin are covered by
tropomyosin
Muscles dominated by fast fibers appear _________.
white
Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac muscle?
Cardiac muscle cells are involuntary
Which of the following describes the action of the trapezius?
elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula
A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called
epimysium
rectus femoris
extends leg at knee
gastrocnemius
extension at the ankle
The following describes _______ type of skeletal muscle fibers. - Produce powerful contractions - Fatigue rapidly - Few mitocondria
fast
biceps femoris
femur
A muscle _________ contains a sarcolemma, sacroplasm and myofibrils
fiber
soleus
fibula/tibia
biceps femoris
flexes leg at the knee
tibialis anterior
flexion at ankle
Which of the following muscles acts to flex the finger joints and wrist?
flexor digitorum
tibilais anterior
gastrocnemius
Which muscle has an action of hip extension.
gluteus maximus
tensor fasciae latae
gluteus maximus
latissimus dorsi
humerus
flexor carpi ulnaris
humerus/ulna
tensor fasciae latae
ilium
The orgin of the soleus is ________ and the insertion is __________
Fibula/tibia; calcaneus
After a contraction, the sarcomere will return to a resting state; which is
. Calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns
Aponeruosis
A broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. Similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone.
tendon
Attaches muscle to bone
Choose the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring group
Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semitendinosus
How do skeletal muscles produce movement ?
By pulling on tendons that then moves bones.
Tendon
Connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone
Consider the Sliding Filament Theory: Observed changes in the sarcomere. Which band or line gets smaller during a muscle contraction ?
I band
Which statement regarding "heat loss" is true?
Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature
Diaphragm
Muscle used for inhalation for breath
Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis
Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature.
Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true
Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels.
___________ is the abductor of the shoulder
Supraspinatus
allows for electrical stimuli sent from the brain, to reach deep into each fiber
T tubules
Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system?
Tolerance for exercise decreases.
What creates "cross-bridges"
When the myosin heads bind to the active sites
What is the name of the areas circled in black ?
Z lines
Active muscles generate
carbon dioxide and heat
deltoid
clavicle/scapula
After death, rigor mortis lasts until
decompostion begins
The muscle that adducts the shoulder is the
deltoid
The supraspinatus assists the ______________ muscle.
deltoid
Which of the following muscles is named for its shape?
deltoid
lastissiumus dorsi
deltoid
Muscle used for inhalation of breath
diaphragm
masseter
elevates the mandible
anerobic endurance"
is used during long, slow athletic activities
masseter
mandible
Which of the following is a muscle that originates from the zygomatic arch and functions in elevating the mandible?
masseter
diagastric
masseter
sternocleidmastoid
mastoid of skull
buccinator
maxillary/mandible
flexor carpi radialis
metacarpal
Muscles whose names contain the root cervi- would be found in the
neck
The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the
origin
A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called
perimysium
An olympic long distance marathon winner most likely has an increase numb
slow
The following describes ___________ fibers -Contains increased amount of capillary networks, providing oxygen - Contain a red pigment called myoaglobin - Contain oxygen reserves - Contain a relatively larger number of mitochondria than do fast muscle fibers
slow
A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more __________ in his or her leg muscles
slow fibers
Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is
smooth
Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is ______
smooth
The muscle that inserts with the gastrocnemius to the calcaneus, via the calcaneal tendon, is the
soleus
Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers
the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell.
myosin
thick filament
actin
thin filaments
trapezius
thoracic vertebrae
Which muscle inserts on the clavicle and scapula?
trapezius
