Anatomy Test

allows for movement of limbs and for organ movements within the body

Muscle, connective, Nervous

____ is the replacement of a blood clot by granulation tissue

Organization

Lines the stomach and most of the intestines

Simple Columnar

mero

a part

in a loose CT, the nondividing cells that store nutrients

adipoctyes

insulates the body

adipose

stores fat

adipose

composes the basement membrane; surrounds and cushions blood vessles and nerves; its gel-like matrix contains all categories of fibers and many cell types

areolar

granulation tissue resists infection by secreting _____ substances

bacteria inhibiting

basal

base

chyme

body fluid

Exocrine glands classified as compound tubular are glands with ____ ducts

branching

contains cylindrical cells with branching ends

cardiac

displays intercalated disks

cardiac

tissue of the circulatory pump

cardiac

Involuntarily controlled

cardiac and smooth

chances the internal volume of an organ as it contracts

cardiac and smooth

uninucleate

cardiac and smooth

six special characteristics of epithelium

cellularity, specialized contacts, polarity, basement membrane, innervated but avascular regeneration, connective tissue

living elements that maintain the firm, flexible matrix in cartilage

chondrocytes

propel sheets of mucus

ciliated epithelium

hyal

clear

intact capillaries near an injury dilate, leaking plasma, blood cells, and ____ which cause the blood to clot. The clot at the surface dries to form a scab

clotting proteins

during fibrosis, fibroblasts in the granulation tissue lay down ____ fibers, which form a strong compact but inflexible mass

collagen

tough protein fibers that resist stretching or longitudinal tearing

collagen fibers

branched ducts

compound

characterized by having large amounts of extracellular material

connective

supports and reinforces body organs

connective

widely distributed; found in bones, cartilages, and fat deposits

connective

surrounds and cushions body organs

connective and epithelium

the skin dermis

dense irregular

parallel bundles of collagenic fibers provide strength; found in tendons

dense regular

multicellular glands are composed of three structures ___, _____, _____

duct, secretory units, and supportive connective tissue

found in external ear and auditory tube

elastic cartilage

forms the stretchy ligaments of the vertebral column

elastic connective

randomly coiled protein fibers that recoil after being stretched

elastic fibers

exaples are the thyroid and adrenal glands

endocrine

glands secrete regulartory hormones directly into blood or lympth

endocrine

small molecules pass through rapidly

endothelium

cells of this tissue may absorb and/or secrete substances

epithelium

endocrine and exocrine glands are formed from ____ tissue

epithelium

forms endocrine and exocrine glands

epithelium

forms membranes

epithelium

duct from this gland type carried secretions to target organ or location

exocrine

exaples are the liver, which produces bile, and the pancreas, wich produces digestive enzymes

exocrine

the more numerous of the two types of glands

exocrine

_____ synthesize fibers across the gap

fibroblasts

contains collagenous fibers; found in intervertebral disk

fibrocartilege

If tissue damage is very severe, tissue repair is more likely to occur by _____, or scarring

fibrosis

problems associated with _____ include shrinking, loss of elasticity, and formation of adhesions

fibrosis

the repair of the cardiac muscle and nervous tissue occurs only by ___

fibrosis

glia

glue

Unicellular exocrine glands called ___ are found in the intestinal mucosae where they secrete ____ a lubricating, water soluble glycoprotein.

goblet cells, mucus

during organization, the first phase of tissue repair, capillary buds invade the clot, forming a delicate pink tissue called ____ tissue

granulation

composed of glycoproteins and water binding glycosaminoglycans

ground substance

primary bone marrow cell type that remains actively mitotic

hemocytoblast

firm, slightly rubbery matrix; milky white and glassy in appearance

hyaline

forms the embryonic skeleton; covers surfaces of bones at joints; reinforces the trachea

hyaline cartilage

the nonspecific response of the body to injury is called

inflammation

lamina

large layer or sheet

strat

layer

large, irregularly shaped cells, widely distributed, often found in CT; they engulf celluar debris and foreign matter and are active in immunity

macrophages

composed of ground substance and structural protein fibers

matrix

the medium through which nutrients and other substances diffuse

matrix

the structural element of areolar tissue that is fluid and provides a reservoir of water and salts for neighboring tissues

matrix or ground substance

In *apocrine* glands, secretions are produced and released immediately by exocytosis

merocrine

most exocrine glands are *apocrine*

merocrine

the embryonic tissue that gives rise to all types of CT

mesenchymes

meso

middle

found in umbilical cord

mucous and vascular

the above classification refers to the way *ducts branch*

multicellular glands secrete their products

allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and throw a ball

muscle

cells shorten to exert force

muscle

duct from ovary that carried ovum to uterus

neither of these

basis of the major controlling system of the body

nervous

forms the brain and spinal cord

nervous

uses electrochemical signals to carry out its functions

nervous

retic

network

areola

open space

hardest tissue of our skull cap

osseous

cells are arranged in concentric circles around a nutrient canal

osseous tissue

cellular elements that produce the collagen fibers of bone matrix

osteoblasts

epi

over

Six major functions of epithelium

protection, absorption, filtration, exertion, secretion, and sensory reception

lines much of the respiratory tract

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

WHen damage is not too severe, the surface epithelium migrates beneath the dry scab and across the surface of the granulation tissue. This repair process is called ____

regeneration

in apocrine glands, the secretory cells *die* when they pinch off at the apex to release secretions

repairs

makes supporting framework of lymphoid organs

reticular connective

fine, branching protein fibers that construct a supportive network

reticular fibers

squam

scale, flat

crine

seperate

secretory cells located in ____ secretory units

seperate

sero

serum

flask shape gland, unbranched ducts

simple alveolar

absorption, secretion, or ion transport

simple columnar

endothelium and mesothelium

simple squamous

slender, straight gland, unbranched ducts

simple tubular

concerned with locomotion of the body as a whole

skeletal

contains long, nonbranching cylindrical cells

skeletal

found attached to bones

skeletal

multinucleate

skeletal

voluntarily controlled

skeletal

banded appearance

skeletal and cardiac

contains spindle-shaped cells

smooth

found in the walls of the small intestines

smooth

enables you to swallow

smooth or skeletal

lines the inside of the mouth

stratified squamous

protection - epithelium

stratified squamous

ap

tip, extemity

blast

to build

hormon

to excite

lines the inside of the urinary bladder

transitional

streches

transitional

*holocrine* glands store secretions until the cells rupture. Ruptured cells are replaced through mitosis

true

Exocrine glands are classified *functionally* as merocrine, holocrine or apocrine

true

The mammary gland is the most likely example of an *apocrine* gland

true

a sweat gland is an example of *merocrine* gland

true

combination of gland shapes

tubloalveolar

provides the medium for nutrient transport throughout the body

vascular

holo

whole

endo

within