ANTH exam2 green

polyandry

a woman marriage to two or more men ex) Tibet : Fraternal Polyandry

True or False In the US Kinship terms for extended family are very general(grandmother, grandfather, uncle, aunt, cousin)

True

True or False Mother's brother contributes work and food to the household not the husband (Matrilineal Descent)

True

True or False Nandi is an example of same sex marriage

True

True or False In the US More specific kinship terms focus on the nuclear family(mother, father, brother sister, son, daughter)

True

patrilineal descent

a system of tracing descent through the father's side of the family

What is a lineage?

an ancestor-descendant series of populations followed over time

Gender

social expectation of how one should behave and perform assigned social roles in society

The attraction to and sexual relation with members of both sexes is called what?

Bisexual

Which of the following are alternate gender descriptions that go beyond the binary idea of sex and gender? Check all that apply

Muxe Intersex Two-spirit Hijra

What is nature?

genetic components

the characteristics of naming at Aymara

giving a name to child after he/she speaks

nuclear family

group consisting of one or two parents and dependent offspring, which may include a stepparent, stepsiblings, and adopted children

extended family

household made up of several generations of family members

What is tabula rasa?

the idea that we are solely the product of our upbringing and experiences.

family

two or more people related by blood, marriage or adoption

Which of the following is a way to normalize heterosexuality?

White weddings

Form of Family 4

-conjugal Family -consanguineal Family -Nuclear Family -Extended Family

the characteristics of naming at Iceland

either parent's first name is going to be a part of children's name

Monogamy

marriage to a single mate

Matrilocal

married couples live with or near the wives' parents

What is a dowry?

The money that the wife brings to her husband when they get married.

ambilinial descent

a person has the option of either affiliating with the father's OR mother's descent group

matrilineal descent

a system of tracing descent through the mother's side of the family

What is a phratry?

not kin based, but binds through ceremonies and obligations

Arranged Marriage

parents choose spouse for their children

What is bride serve

payment of a woman's inheritantce at the time of her marriage to her husband

consanguineal family

related women, their brothers, and the women's offspring

Hyper femininity

response to the social change challenging traditional femininity through the adoption of exaggerated stereotypical traits

mating

the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes

Ju/'hoansi [zhutwasi] in karahari

the archetype of a hunter-gatherer society that practices natural fertility, living on a rich diet in a harsh environs.

Household

the basic residential unit where economic production, consumption, inheritance, child rearing, and shelter are organized and carried out

Ambilocal

the couple may reside with either the husband's or the wife's family

Ambilocal

the couple may reside with either the husband's or the wife's group

Enculturation

the process of learning the characteristics and expectations of a culture or group

double descent

the tracing of descent through both matrilineal and patrilineal links, each of which is used for different purposes

Residence Patters 4

-patrilocal -matrilocal -Ambilocal -neolocal

Transgender

Identification with a gender that does not match one's biological gender.

What type of decent group is Hopi of Northeast Arizona considered to be?

Matrilineal Descent

What type of decent group is Nayar of India considered to be?

Matrilineal Descent

numerous lineages, share mythical ancestor

Clan

What system is common in Western Societies?

Eskimo System

Exogamy

marriage between people of different social categories

The characteristics of Eskimo System

• Common in Western societies• Bilateral system • Does not focus on matrilineal or patrilineal descent but on kinship distance • Differentiates between gender and generations

the examples of intersex

• Eunuch • castrati

characteristics of Hawaiian system

• Siblings of ego's mother and father are also called mother and father • their children (Ego's cousins) are called brother and sisters as well • Focuses on generational differences

the characteristics of Non-traditional families and Non-family households

• activity out of wedlock • divorce • single parent households, more female headed households • Room mates

The characteristics of Nuclear Family

• is the main social and economic unit • has distinct kinship terms, all others are general terms

the function of Dowry

• supports woman in widowhood (or divorce)• reflects economic status of woman in societies where differences in wealth are important

What type of decent group is Yako of astern Nigeria considered to be?

Double Descent

The article title "When Brothers share a wife" suggests which type of marriage?

Fraternal Polyandry

What is nurture?

cultural environment

sex

the biological distinction between females and males

the characteristics of Hopi

- Live in Pueblos - Matrilineal clans and phratries - Exogamous - Lineage > Senior woman (but sacred medicine bundle) - Lineage functions (social, ceremonial, economic) - Clan > Clan mother

the characteristics of Han Chinese

- Rural communities - Patrilineal and patrilocal - Lineage called the tsu - 3 functions of the tsu - Inheritance

Which of the following is an illustration of the relationship between gender and power?

-Domestic violence -Gender violence on campuses -Hate crimes agains LGBTQ individuals -Man the hunter , woman the gatherer

Types of Descent 4(5)

1. Unilineal - Matrilineal- Patrilineal 2. Bilateral 3. Ambilineal 4. Double descent

Bilateral Descent

the tracing of kinship through both parents' ancestral lines

an example of clan

Scottish clans

types of Incest Taboo 2

-consanguineal kin(blood relatives) -Affinal kin (relatives by marriage)

Type of cousin marriage 2

-parallel cousin marriage -cross cousin marriage

The characteristics of Arranged Marriage

-parents choose the spouse for their children -Inheritance too important to leave up to feelings of two people -political interests and alliances

the reasons of changing a name 4

1. Control or expansion 2. Assimilation 3. Immigration 4. Name reversion -Native Americans -African Americans

Functions of Kinship Terms

1. Group similar individuals in specific categories(aunt/uncle) 2. Separate other individuals into different categories(father/grandfather)

Importance of Kinship(6)

1. Interacting with neighbors 2. Claiming support and protections from individuals of another group 3. Important defense against human or natural disasters 4. Sharing rights to natural resources 5. Means of providing cooperative workforce for tasks hat require more participants than one household 6. Pulling together for support for self-defense against outside aggressors or to attack others over land or other resources

The role of Kinship terms 3

1. Tell about structure of family 2. What relationships are important 3. Differentiate relatives and groups of relatives Gender Age Degree

what is clan

A group of people who have a general notion of common descent that is not attached to a specific biological ancestor

Example of divorce

EX) Gusii farmers of western kenya Aboriginal peoples of Canada and Chenchu foragers in India Hopi(matrilineal descent)

True or False All societies have binary gender and sex determinations.

False

True or False All transgender people are also always transexual.

False

True or False In societies where arranged marriage exits, it is believed that the fate of the inheritance of a family should not be left up to the feelings of young people.

False

True or False Same sex marriage is the same all across the world.

False

True or False Sexuality is the same as sexual orientation.

False

Marriage is closely tied to economic exchange between families. Below identify the term that is NOT t associated with marriage and economic exchange.

Head money

what is intersex

a person born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn't seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male.

- households, share historical ancestor

Lineage

examples of unilineal descent(4)

Lineage Clan Patrilineal Matrilineal

Heteronormative means that you adhere to the societal expectation of both gender performance and sexual orientation based on you sex. Which of the following would be an example of that from a traditionalist view of our society??

Marriage of a cis male and a cis female

Which of the following is not a polygamous marriage?

Monogamy

What type of family is considered to be Eskimo System?

Nuclear family

What type of decent group is Han Chinese considered to be?

Patrilineal Descent

clan and lineages, not kin based, but binds clans through ceremonies and obligations

Phratry

Nandi woman-woman marriage differs from western style same sex marriage because

Sexual relationships between the women are taboo

Intersex

Term that identifies individual that do not fit the biological male/female distinction due to genetic differences

self-awareness

The ability to identify oneself as an individual to reflect on oneself, and to evaluate oneself

True or False Changes in our culture such as less stigma placed on divorce and legalization of same-sex marriages has led to the formation of more nontraditional families.

True

True or False Ideas about gender and sexuality are closely related to the belief system of a society.

True

What does cis mean with regard to gender identity?

You identify with the gender that was assigned to you at birth based on your sex.

what is conjugal family

a family that established through family

what is fictive kin

a form of kinship ties that are based on neither consanguineal nor affinal ties

polygyny

a man marriage to two or more women

What is a lineage?

a unilineal kinship group descended from a common ancestor

What is tabula rasa?

an idea that we are solely the product of our upbringing and experiences

Neolocal

couple resides in a new location separate from their family

What is patrilocal?

couple resides in husband's father's residence

Matrilocal

couple resides in wife's mother's residence

Iroquois system what is cross cousins

cousins of different sex sibling of mother or father

Iroquois system What is Parallel cousins

cousins of same sex sibling of mother or father

What is unilineal descent?

descent is recognized through only one line or side of the family (exclusively either through)

Definition of kinship

describes culturally recognized ties between members of a family network of relatives within which individuals possess certain mutual rights and obligations

Endogamy

marriage between people of the same social category

Polygamy

marriage to multiple spouses at the same time -polyandry -polygyny

Patrilocal

married couples live with husband's family

What is bride price?

money or value goods to the brides family for loss of her labor also called Bride wealth