ANTH exam2 green
polyandry
a woman marriage to two or more men ex) Tibet : Fraternal Polyandry
True or False In the US Kinship terms for extended family are very general(grandmother, grandfather, uncle, aunt, cousin)
True
True or False Mother's brother contributes work and food to the household not the husband (Matrilineal Descent)
True
True or False Nandi is an example of same sex marriage
True
True or False In the US More specific kinship terms focus on the nuclear family(mother, father, brother sister, son, daughter)
True
patrilineal descent
a system of tracing descent through the father's side of the family
What is a lineage?
an ancestor-descendant series of populations followed over time
Gender
social expectation of how one should behave and perform assigned social roles in society
The attraction to and sexual relation with members of both sexes is called what?
Bisexual
Which of the following are alternate gender descriptions that go beyond the binary idea of sex and gender? Check all that apply
Muxe Intersex Two-spirit Hijra
What is nature?
genetic components
the characteristics of naming at Aymara
giving a name to child after he/she speaks
nuclear family
group consisting of one or two parents and dependent offspring, which may include a stepparent, stepsiblings, and adopted children
extended family
household made up of several generations of family members
What is tabula rasa?
the idea that we are solely the product of our upbringing and experiences.
family
two or more people related by blood, marriage or adoption
Which of the following is a way to normalize heterosexuality?
White weddings
Form of Family 4
-conjugal Family -consanguineal Family -Nuclear Family -Extended Family
the characteristics of naming at Iceland
either parent's first name is going to be a part of children's name
Monogamy
marriage to a single mate
Matrilocal
married couples live with or near the wives' parents
What is a dowry?
The money that the wife brings to her husband when they get married.
ambilinial descent
a person has the option of either affiliating with the father's OR mother's descent group
matrilineal descent
a system of tracing descent through the mother's side of the family
What is a phratry?
not kin based, but binds through ceremonies and obligations
Arranged Marriage
parents choose spouse for their children
What is bride serve
payment of a woman's inheritantce at the time of her marriage to her husband
consanguineal family
related women, their brothers, and the women's offspring
Hyper femininity
response to the social change challenging traditional femininity through the adoption of exaggerated stereotypical traits
mating
the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes
Ju/'hoansi [zhutwasi] in karahari
the archetype of a hunter-gatherer society that practices natural fertility, living on a rich diet in a harsh environs.
Household
the basic residential unit where economic production, consumption, inheritance, child rearing, and shelter are organized and carried out
Ambilocal
the couple may reside with either the husband's or the wife's family
Ambilocal
the couple may reside with either the husband's or the wife's group
Enculturation
the process of learning the characteristics and expectations of a culture or group
double descent
the tracing of descent through both matrilineal and patrilineal links, each of which is used for different purposes
Residence Patters 4
-patrilocal -matrilocal -Ambilocal -neolocal
Transgender
Identification with a gender that does not match one's biological gender.
What type of decent group is Hopi of Northeast Arizona considered to be?
Matrilineal Descent
What type of decent group is Nayar of India considered to be?
Matrilineal Descent
numerous lineages, share mythical ancestor
Clan
What system is common in Western Societies?
Eskimo System
Exogamy
marriage between people of different social categories
The characteristics of Eskimo System
• Common in Western societies• Bilateral system • Does not focus on matrilineal or patrilineal descent but on kinship distance • Differentiates between gender and generations
the examples of intersex
• Eunuch • castrati
characteristics of Hawaiian system
• Siblings of ego's mother and father are also called mother and father • their children (Ego's cousins) are called brother and sisters as well • Focuses on generational differences
the characteristics of Non-traditional families and Non-family households
• activity out of wedlock • divorce • single parent households, more female headed households • Room mates
The characteristics of Nuclear Family
• is the main social and economic unit • has distinct kinship terms, all others are general terms
the function of Dowry
• supports woman in widowhood (or divorce)• reflects economic status of woman in societies where differences in wealth are important
What type of decent group is Yako of astern Nigeria considered to be?
Double Descent
The article title "When Brothers share a wife" suggests which type of marriage?
Fraternal Polyandry
What is nurture?
cultural environment
sex
the biological distinction between females and males
the characteristics of Hopi
- Live in Pueblos - Matrilineal clans and phratries - Exogamous - Lineage > Senior woman (but sacred medicine bundle) - Lineage functions (social, ceremonial, economic) - Clan > Clan mother
the characteristics of Han Chinese
- Rural communities - Patrilineal and patrilocal - Lineage called the tsu - 3 functions of the tsu - Inheritance
Which of the following is an illustration of the relationship between gender and power?
-Domestic violence -Gender violence on campuses -Hate crimes agains LGBTQ individuals -Man the hunter , woman the gatherer
Types of Descent 4(5)
1. Unilineal - Matrilineal- Patrilineal 2. Bilateral 3. Ambilineal 4. Double descent
Bilateral Descent
the tracing of kinship through both parents' ancestral lines
an example of clan
Scottish clans
types of Incest Taboo 2
-consanguineal kin(blood relatives) -Affinal kin (relatives by marriage)
Type of cousin marriage 2
-parallel cousin marriage -cross cousin marriage
The characteristics of Arranged Marriage
-parents choose the spouse for their children -Inheritance too important to leave up to feelings of two people -political interests and alliances
the reasons of changing a name 4
1. Control or expansion 2. Assimilation 3. Immigration 4. Name reversion -Native Americans -African Americans
Functions of Kinship Terms
1. Group similar individuals in specific categories(aunt/uncle) 2. Separate other individuals into different categories(father/grandfather)
Importance of Kinship(6)
1. Interacting with neighbors 2. Claiming support and protections from individuals of another group 3. Important defense against human or natural disasters 4. Sharing rights to natural resources 5. Means of providing cooperative workforce for tasks hat require more participants than one household 6. Pulling together for support for self-defense against outside aggressors or to attack others over land or other resources
The role of Kinship terms 3
1. Tell about structure of family 2. What relationships are important 3. Differentiate relatives and groups of relatives Gender Age Degree
what is clan
A group of people who have a general notion of common descent that is not attached to a specific biological ancestor
Example of divorce
EX) Gusii farmers of western kenya Aboriginal peoples of Canada and Chenchu foragers in India Hopi(matrilineal descent)
True or False All societies have binary gender and sex determinations.
False
True or False All transgender people are also always transexual.
False
True or False In societies where arranged marriage exits, it is believed that the fate of the inheritance of a family should not be left up to the feelings of young people.
False
True or False Same sex marriage is the same all across the world.
False
True or False Sexuality is the same as sexual orientation.
False
Marriage is closely tied to economic exchange between families. Below identify the term that is NOT t associated with marriage and economic exchange.
Head money
what is intersex
a person born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn't seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male.
- households, share historical ancestor
Lineage
examples of unilineal descent(4)
Lineage Clan Patrilineal Matrilineal
Heteronormative means that you adhere to the societal expectation of both gender performance and sexual orientation based on you sex. Which of the following would be an example of that from a traditionalist view of our society??
Marriage of a cis male and a cis female
Which of the following is not a polygamous marriage?
Monogamy
What type of family is considered to be Eskimo System?
Nuclear family
What type of decent group is Han Chinese considered to be?
Patrilineal Descent
clan and lineages, not kin based, but binds clans through ceremonies and obligations
Phratry
Nandi woman-woman marriage differs from western style same sex marriage because
Sexual relationships between the women are taboo
Intersex
Term that identifies individual that do not fit the biological male/female distinction due to genetic differences
self-awareness
The ability to identify oneself as an individual to reflect on oneself, and to evaluate oneself
True or False Changes in our culture such as less stigma placed on divorce and legalization of same-sex marriages has led to the formation of more nontraditional families.
True
True or False Ideas about gender and sexuality are closely related to the belief system of a society.
True
What does cis mean with regard to gender identity?
You identify with the gender that was assigned to you at birth based on your sex.
what is conjugal family
a family that established through family
what is fictive kin
a form of kinship ties that are based on neither consanguineal nor affinal ties
polygyny
a man marriage to two or more women
What is a lineage?
a unilineal kinship group descended from a common ancestor
What is tabula rasa?
an idea that we are solely the product of our upbringing and experiences
Neolocal
couple resides in a new location separate from their family
What is patrilocal?
couple resides in husband's father's residence
Matrilocal
couple resides in wife's mother's residence
Iroquois system what is cross cousins
cousins of different sex sibling of mother or father
Iroquois system What is Parallel cousins
cousins of same sex sibling of mother or father
What is unilineal descent?
descent is recognized through only one line or side of the family (exclusively either through)
Definition of kinship
describes culturally recognized ties between members of a family network of relatives within which individuals possess certain mutual rights and obligations
Endogamy
marriage between people of the same social category
Polygamy
marriage to multiple spouses at the same time -polyandry -polygyny
Patrilocal
married couples live with husband's family
What is bride price?
money or value goods to the brides family for loss of her labor also called Bride wealth
