Anthropology 101 Chapter 9
In which of the following circumstances would you expect to find the custom of bride price?
A bride and groom go to live with the groom's people
When a society proscribes sexual relations among those it considers too closely related, these are rules of:
exogamy.
The French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss says that the incest taboo is universal because humans: a. are instinctively opposed to inbreeding through biological programming.
have learned to establish alliances with strangers and thereby share and develop culture.
A contract in which a woman and man establish a continuing claim to the right of sexual access to one another and in which the woman involved becomes entitled to bear children is also called:
marriage.
All of the following statements about sexual behavior among the Trobrianders is correct except:
when the couple is ready to be married, they appear outside the woman's household.
The period of time that a groom spends in service to the bride's family as a form of economic exchange for marriage is called:
bride service.
What percentage of known societies has rules regulating that sexual involvement only take place within marriage?
15
In the U.S., approximately what percentage of marriages ends in divorce?
40
Since the early 1970s, about how many foreign children have been adopted into U.S. families?
500,000
Which of the following statements about the Nayar is correct?
A man must give a Nayar girl gifts three times a year to formalize the sexual relationship.
Which of the following characteristics would be most important in an Indian family's selection of a bride for their son?
Character
What type of family is typically found among traditional horticultural, agricultural, and pastoral societies around the world?
Extended
Among Christians in the 17th and 18th centuries in New England, adultery was considered:
a serious crime.
When the economy is based on _____ and when the man does most of the productive work, the bride's people may give a dowry that protects the woman against desertion. Dowry is also a statement of her economic status.
agriculture
A residence pattern in which a married couple may choose to live in the husband's father's or wife's mother's place of residence is called:
ambilocal.
One area that is most changing the composition of families today is that of:
development of new reproductive technologies.
The woman-woman marriage custom found in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with all of the following except:
enables the women to engage in sexual activity with each other.
The author uses the Nayar of southwest India to illustrate that rules about sexual access can be highly variable. Nayar women:
go through stages of sexual access.
Polygyny:
is possible only when a man is fairly wealthy.
In industrial and postindustrial societies, such as the United States, the most common form of residence after marriage is:
neolocal.
Families can be consanguine or conjugal. The conjugal family has many forms. One type of conjugal family is the _____ family, consisting of the husband, wife, and dependent children.
nuclear
In Tibet, a young man lives with his older brother, who is married. The younger brother eventually begins to think about setting up his own tent and taking his share of the yak and fields of grass. One night, his brother's wife gives him her necklace. In Tibetan culture, this is an invitation for him to become her second husband. If he accepts, he will remain with his brother and share the same tent. This type of marriage is called:
polyandry
The most preferred form of marriage around the world is:
polygyny.
All of the following are associated with polygyny except:
shows the lower status of men than women in these societies.
Although all societies have some kind of incest taboo, the relationship which is considered incestuous may vary. Concepts of incest seem to be related to a group's definitions of endogamy and exogamy, thus suggesting that incest taboos may help to promote:
stability of the family.
A positive side effect to restricting sexual behavior is that it may also limit:
the spread of sexually-transmitted diseases.
The people to whom you are related by marriage are considered what type of kinship?
Affinal
A family established through marriage is called what type of family?
Conjugal
Because Nayar women live with their dependent offspring and their brothers, they are considered what type of family?
Consanguineal
Regarding cousin marriage, which of the following statements is incorrect?
In the U.S., some states have no laws prohibiting marriage between relatives.
Detailed census records made in Roman Egypt show that brother-sister marriages among members of the non-royal farming class were common. What light does this shed on the incest taboo?
It demonstrates that despite the human tendency to avoid inbreeding, it occasionally occurs and may even be preferred.
Among which group do same-sex marriages provide acceptable positions in society for individuals who might otherwise be marginalized?
Nandi
Under cross-cousin marriage, the sister's son is also the:
brother's daughter's husband.
My mother's brother's son is my:
cross cousin.
Marriage within a particular group of individuals is called:
endogamy.
Two or more people related by blood, marriage, or adoption are called a(n):
family.
Marriage by proxy, such as that which might occur with a prisoner, a dead partner for inheritance reasons, or between those separated by deployment, is called:
fictive marriage.
In Western societies between A.D. 1000 and 1800, divorce was next to impossible, but few marriages lasted more than about 10 or 20 years, owing to:
high death rates.
An important source of contacts in trying to arrange an Indian marriage is/are:
social clubs.
An example of group marriage would be:
traditional spouse exchange among the Inupiat Eskimo where adult members have sexual access to each other.