Anthropology Module 1

hypotheses

A key element of the scientific method, which both explains things and guides research, is

the goal of synthesizing the entire context of human experience.

A key principle of the holistic perspective developed by Franz Boas is

Ethnocentrism

Assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best is called

the Power of Tradition

The controversy between Native Americans and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) schools using mascots illustrates

Colonialism

The historical practice of more powerful countries claiming possession of less powerful ones is called ____ and was a driving force in anthropology.

Cultural Relativism

The moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgment about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices is known as

Edward Burnett Tylor.

The nineteenth-century British anthropologist credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective was

Applied Anthropology.

The practical use of anthropological knowledge to address real-world problems, sometimes called anthropology's "fifth field," is

Natural Selection

The process by which inheritable traits are passed along to offspring because they are better suited to the environment is called

enculturations

The process of learning culture from a very young age is called

Cultural Anthropology

The subfield of anthropology that studies human diversity, beliefs, and practice is called

Biological Anthropology

The subfield of anthropology that studies human evolution, including genetics and human nutrition, is called

Anthropology

The subfield of anthropology that studies language use is called Linguistic

Archaeology

The subfield of anthropology that studies the material remains of past cultures, often focusing on the rise of cities, is called

Multiplicity and Variety

The term diversity, when defined anthropologically, means

An object, idea, figure, or character

What kinds of elements are embedded within a symbol?

Industrialization

What process involves shifting from an agricultural economy to a factor-based one?

The Industrial Revolution

What prompted intellectuals to start systematically explaining the differences among people?

During the 1800s, emerged as an academic discipline devoted to the observation and analysis of human variation

When did anthropology emerge as an academic discipline?

The comparative method

allows anthropologists to derive insights from careful comparisons of cultures or societies.