AP Bio Chapter 9

Starting with one molecule of isocitrate and ending with fumate, what is the maximum number of ATP molecules that could be made through substrate-level phosphorylation?

1

How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) would be produced by five turns of the citric acid cycle?

10

Starting with one molecule of citrate and ending with oxaloacetate, how many ATP molecules can be formed from oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis)?

11

For each molecule of glucose that is metabolized by glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, what is the total number of NADH + FADH2 molecules produced?

12

How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) would be released from the complete aerobic respiration of a molecule of sucrose (C12H22O11), a disaccharide?

12

How many ATP molecules could be made through substrate-level phosphorylation plus oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis) if you started with three molecules of succinyl CoA and ended with oxaloacetate?

18

In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate

2 molecules of ATP are used and 4 molecules of ATP are produced.

Starting with citrate, how many of the following would be produced with three turns of the citric adic cycle?

3 ATP, 6 CO2, 9 NADH, and 3 FADH2

How many ATP molecules are produced by glycolosis?

4

How many reduced dinucleotides would be produced with four turns of the citric acid cycle?

4 FADH2 and 12 NADH

Each time a molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) is completely oxidized via aerobic respiration, how many oxygen molecules (O2) are required?

6

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of two molecules of glucose (C6H12O6) in cellular respiration?

76

Which step consists of a phosphorylation reaction in which ATP is the phosphate source?

A

Which step involves an endergonic reaction?

A

Which of the following is not a true statement?

A gram of glucose oxidized by cellular respiration produces more than twice as much ATP as a gram of fat oxidized by cellular respiration.

When glucose (C6H12O6) is oxidized to CO2 and water in cellular respiration, approximately 40% of the energy content of glucose is transferred to

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Which step shows a split of one molecule into two smaller molecules?

B

Which of the following statements is (are) correct about an oxidation-reduction (or redox) reaction?

Both A and B are correct

In which reaction does an intermediate pathway become oxidized?

C

In which step is an inorganic phosphate added to the reactant?

C

Cells do not catabolize carbon dioxide because

CO2 is already completely oxidized.

Most of the energy that enters electron transport enters as

FADH2 and NADH

You have a friend who lost 7 kg (about 15 pounds) of fat on a "low carb diet". How did the fat leave her body?

It was released as CO2 and H2O.

Carbon skeletons for amino acid biosynthesis are supplied by intermediates of the citric acid cycle. Which intermediate would supply the carbon skeleton for synthesis of a five-carbon amino acid?

a-ketoglutarate

Inside an active mitochondrion, most electrons follow which pathway?

citric acid cycle -> NADH -> electron transport chain -> oxygen

In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP +Pi to ATP?

energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase.

The primary function of the mitochondrion is the production of ATP. To carry out this function, the mitochondrion must have all of the following except

enzymes for glycolysis

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration?

oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in oxidative phosphorylation is

oxygen

During glycolysis, when glucose is catabolized to pyruvate, most of the energy of glucose is

retained in the pyruvate