AP Bio Chapters 7 & 8

Cell respiration is most accurately described as

a catabolic process

PS I

accepts the electron and re excites it to NADPH

PS II

accepts the electron from water splitting and re excites it to make ATP

First step n calvin cycle is

attachment of carbon dioxide to RuBP

At night CAM plants incorporate CO2 into oxaloacetate which is converted to ___ and is stored in the ___ of the cells

malate (4 carbon), vacuoles

formation of acetly coenzyme A, citric acid cycle, electron transport and chemiososis take place where

mitochondrian

In aerobic respiration glucose is completely

oxidized to carbon dioxide

In aerobio respiration the electrons associated with the hydrogen atoms in glucose are transferred to

oxygen in a series of steps

The process by which light energy is converted into the stored chemical energy of organic molecules is

photosynthesis

During respiration most ATP is formed as a direct result of the net movement of

protons down a concentration gradient

In glycolysis a six carbon glucose molecule is converted to two 3 carbon molecules of

pyruvate

The electrons lost by P680 (PS II) reactive center are replaced form

water molecule

the results of one turn of the krebs cycle

1 ATP, 1 FADH, 3 NADH+

Gycolysis yields a net energy profit of ___ ATP molecules of glucose

2

How many electrons are needed to reduce one molecule of NADP+ to NADPH

2

Considering only gycolysis and the conversion of pyruvate molecules to acetyl CoA molecules how many NADH molecules will be produced from 1 glucose molecule

4

In the citric acid cycle 2 acetyl CoA molecules are metabolized to

4CO2 + 6NADH +2 FADH2 +2 ATP

Over all reactions of photosynthesis is

6 CO2 + 12 H2O -> C6H12O2 + 12 O2

Cellular respiration equation

6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 +6H2O + Energy

Chemiosmosis allows exergonic redox processes to drive the endergonic reaction in which

ATP is produced by a phosphorlation of ADP

In chemiosmosis ATP is produced as hydrogen ions pass though

ATP synthase

Thylakoid membranes are involved in

ATP synthesis

the reactants of the calvin cycle are

CO2, ATP, NADPH

During photosynthesis ____ is reduced and ___ is oxidized

CO2; H2O

Whats associated with the thylakoid membranes

ETC, ATP synthetase, photosystems I and II, antenna complex

Oxygen produced by photosynthesis comes directly from

H2O

The reactants of the light dependent reactions are

H2O, ADP, NADPH

WHat is the finial electron accpetor in photosynthesis?

NADPH

Intermediate or products of carbon fixation reactions

PGA, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, glucose. ribulose bisphsphate

Red and blue lights support the highest rates of photosynthesis because

chlorophyll absorbs these wavelengths more than others

Over all functions of the Calvin Cycle

fix CO2 to reduce to make organic molecules like G3P

Thylakoid sacs are sometimes arranged in stacks called

gana

which of the following metabolic pathways is common to all cells

glycolysis

organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from foods they eat are called

heterotrophs

ATP is formed when ___ the thylakoid lumen

hydrogen ions leave

The reactions of photosynthesis are divided into 2 categories

light-dependent reactions and carbon fixation reactions

Aerobi respiration is classified as a

redox process

NADH and FADH2 are the products of

reduction reactions

oxygen consumption can be used as a measure of metabolic rate because oxygen is

required by all living organisms

A glucose molecule that is metabolized via aerobic respiration has been completely broken down and released as CO2 by the end of

the citric acid cycle

The electron transport chain is located in

the thylakiod membrane

Chlorophyll and accessory photosynthetic pigments are associated with

thylakoid membranes

the role of oxygen molecules required for aerobic respiration is

to accept the low energy electrons at the end of the electron transport chain