ap compsci principles: impacts of computing big idea 5
Which of the following best exemplifies the use of keylogging to gain unauthorized access to a computer system? A user unintentionally installs a program on their computer that records all user input and forwards it to another computer. A few weeks later, someone else is able to access the user's computer using the recorded data. A user has a very common password for an online banking account. Someone else guesses the password after a few attempts and gains access to the user's account. A user logs into an unsecure Web site. The user has the same username and password for multiple accounts, so the user's log-in information for multiple systems may be compromised. A user receives an e-mail that claims to be from the user's bank. The e-mail instructs the user to click on a link to a Web site and enter a username and password to verify an account.
A A user unintentionally installs a program on their computer that records all user input and forwards it to another computer. A few weeks later, someone else is able to access the user's computer using the recorded data.
Which of the following is LEAST likely to indicate a phishing attack? Responses A An e-mail from your bank asks you to call the number on your card to verify a transaction B An e-mail from a merchant asks that you click on a link to reset your password C An e-mail from a utility company asks you to enter your date of birth and social security number for verification purposes D An e-mail indicates that you have won a large sum of money and asks you to enter your bank account number so that the money can be transferred to you
A An e-mail from your bank asks you to call the number on your card to verify a transaction
Which of the following is an example of an attack using a rogue access point? Responses A An unauthorized individual gains the ability to view network traffic by connecting to a network router that uses weak or no security measures. B An unauthorized individual physically disconnects an exposed network router, making the network unavailable to some users. C An unauthorized individual poses as a network administrator and attempts to trick a user into providing personal information. D A group of unauthorized individuals overwhelms a network router with traffic, making it unavailable to some users.
A An unauthorized individual gains the ability to view network traffic by connecting to a network router that uses weak or no security measures.
Which of the following research proposals is most likely to be successful as a citizen science project? Responses A Collecting pictures of birds from around the world that can then be analyzed to determine how location affects bird size B Monitoring a group of cells in a laboratory to determine how growth rate is affected by exposure to varying temperatures C Using a simulation to determine which one from a set of chemicals causes the most significant change to local animal and plant life D Using specialized equipment to perform three-dimensional scans of complex proteins found in human cells
A Collecting pictures of birds from around the world that can then be analyzed to determine how location affects bird size
Which of the following best describes the impact of Creative Commons? Responses A Creative Commons gives creators of digital content the ability to indicate how their works can be legally used and distributed, enabling broad access to digital information. B Creative Commons gives Internet users the right to legally use and distribute any previously copyrighted work, enabling broad access to digital information. C Create Commons provides lossless transmission of messages, enabling reliable distribution of digital information. D Creative Commons provides private transmission of messages, enabling secure distribution of digital information.
A Creative Commons gives creators of digital content the ability to indicate how their works can be legally used and distributed, enabling broad access to digital information.
Which of the following are true statements about how the Internet enables crowdsourcing? I. The Internet can provide crowdsourcing participants access to useful tools, information, and professional knowledge. II. The speed and reach of the Internet can lower geographic barriers, allowing individuals from different locations to contribute to projects. III. Using the Internet to distribute solutions across many users allows all computational problems to be solved in reasonable time, even for very large input sizes. Responses A I and II only B I and III only C II and III only D I, II, and III
A I and II only
The developers of a music-streaming application are updating the algorithm they use to recommend music to listeners. Which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to introduce bias into the application? Responses A Making recommendations based on listening data gathered from a random sample of users of the application B Making recommendations based on the most frequently played songs on a local radio station C Making recommendations based on the music tastes of the developers of the application D Making recommendations based on a survey that is sent out to the 1,000 most active users of the application
A Making recommendations based on listening data gathered from a random sample of users of the application
Which of the following is a true statement about the use of public key encryption in transmitting messages? Responses A Public key encryption enables parties to initiate secure communications through an open medium, such as the Internet, in which there might be eavesdroppers. B Public key encryption is not considered a secure method of communication because a public key can be intercepted. C Public key encryption only allows the encryption of documents containing text; documents containing audio and video must use a different encryption method. D Public key encryption uses a single key that should be kept secure because it is used for both encryption and decryption.
A Public key encryption enables parties to initiate secure communications through an open medium, such as the Internet, in which there might be eavesdroppers.
Which of the following best explains how symmetric encryption algorithms are typically used? Responses A Symmetric encryption uses a single key that should be kept secret. The same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data. B Symmetric encryption uses a single key that should be made public. The same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data. C Symmetric encryption uses two keys that should both be kept secret. One key is used for encryption, and the other is used for decryption. D Symmetric encryption uses two keys. The key used for encryption should be made public, but the key used for decryption should be kept secret.
A Symmetric encryption uses a single key that should be kept secret. The same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data.
Which of the following best exemplifies the use of multifactor authentication? Responses A A computing device enables users to input information using multiple interfaces, including a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch pad. B A user employs a public key encryption method that uses one key to encrypt information and a different key to decrypt information. C A Web site requires a user to enter a password as well as a numeric code received via text message before the user can log in to an account. D Multiple users share an account to a Web-based software program, and each user has an individual username and password.
A Web site requires a user to enter a password as well as a numeric code received via text message before the user can log in to an account.
Which of the following has the greatest potential for compromising a user's personal privacy? Responses A A group of cookies stored by the user's Web browser B The Internet Protocol (IP) address of the user's computer C The user's e-mail address D The user's public key used for encryption
A group of cookies stored by the user's Web browser
A system is being developed to help pet owners locate lost pets. Which of the following best describes a system that uses crowdsourcing? Responses A A mobile application and collar that uses GPS technology to determine the pet's location and transmits the location when the owner refreshes the application B A mobile application and collar that uses wireless technology to determine whether the pet is within 100 feet of the owner's phone and transmits a message to the owner when the pet is nearby C A mobile application that allows users to report the location of a pet that appears to be lost and upload a photo that is made available to other users of the application D A mobile application that transmits a message to all users any time a lost pet is returned to its owner
A mobile application that allows users to report the location of a pet that appears to be lost and upload a photo that is made available to other users of the application
Individuals sometimes attempt to remove personal information from the Internet. Which of the following is the LEAST likely reason the personal information is hard to remove? Responses A Internet users with a copy of the information might redistribute the personal information without first seeking permission. B There are potentially an extremely large number of devices on the Internet that may contain the information. C Automated technologies collect information about Internet users without their knowledge. D All personal information is stored online using authentication measures, making the information hard to access.
All personal information is stored online using authentication measures, making the information hard to access.
Which of the following would be the best use of citizen science? Responses A An experiment that requires all participants to be working in the same laboratory B An experiment that requires expensive equipment to conduct C An experiment that requires data measurements to be taken in many different locations D An experiment that requires specialized knowledge and training to conduct
An experiment that requires data measurements to be taken in many different locations
An individual receives an e-mail that appears to be from an insurance company. The message offers a low insurance rate, and prompts the recipient to click a link to learn more. Which of the following is most indicative that the e-mail is part of a phishing attempt? Responses A After clicking the link, a browser cookie is downloaded to the recipient's computer. B After clicking the link, a Web page opens that prompts the recipient for personal information. C After clicking the link, the recipient's private network becomes publicly visible via a rogue access point. D After clicking the link, software is installed on the recipient's computer that records every keystroke made on the computer.
B After clicking the link, a Web page opens that prompts the recipient for personal information.
A bank customer receives an e-mail from a sender claiming to be a bank employee. The e-mail asks the customer to provide personal information and to call a phone number if he or she has any questions. The customer suspects the e-mail might be a phishing attempt. Which of the following responses is most likely to be a privacy risk for the bank customer? Responses A Calling the bank at its official phone number to ask whether the request for personal information is legitimate B Calling the phone number given in the e-mail and providing the personal information over the phone C Checking that the domain name of the sender's e-mail address is associated with the bank D Conducting aWeb search to see if other people have received similar requests for personal information
B Calling the phone number given in the e-mail and providing the personal information over the phone
an example of symmetric encryption A Evy buys a locked box that operates using two different codes. When the first code is entered, a slot opens that allows a message to be put in the box. When the second code is entered, the door to the box opens. Evy gives the first code to her friends so they can leave messages for her and keeps the second code to herself so that she is the only one who can retrieve the messages. B Finn and Gwen develop a system that maps each letter of the alphabet to a unique symbol using a secret key. Finn uses the key to write a message to Gwen where each letter is replaced with the corresponding symbol. Gwen uses the key to map each symbol back to the original letter. C Hannah writes a message to send to Isabel and hides the message under a rock behind the soccer field. Hannah gives Isabel the exact location of the rock so that only Isabel can find the message. D Juan writes a message to send
B Finn and Gwen develop a system that maps each letter of the alphabet to a unique symbol using a secret key. Finn uses the key to write a message to Gwen where each letter is replaced with the corresponding symbol. Gwen uses the key to map each symbol back to the original letter.
Many Web browsers allow users to open anonymous windows. During a browsing session in an anonymous window, the browser does not record a browsing history or a list of downloaded files. When the anonymous window is exited, cookies created during the session are deleted. Which of the following statements about browsing sessions in an anonymous window is true? Responses A The activities of a user browsing in an anonymous window will not be visible to people who monitor the user's network, such as the system administrator. B Items placed in a Web store's shopping cart for future purchase during the anonymous browsing session will not be saved on the user's computer. C A user will not be able to log in to e-mail or social media accounts during the anonymous browsing session. D A user browsing in an anonymous window will be protected from viruses launched from any Web sites visited or files downloaded.
B Items placed in a Web store's shopping cart for future purchase during the anonymous browsing session will not be saved on the user's computer.
StreamPal is an audio-streaming application for mobile devices that allows users to listen to streaming music and connect with other users who have similar taste in music. After downloading the application, each user creates a username, personal profile, and contact list of friends who also use the application. The application uses the device's GPS unit to track a user's location. Each time a user listens to a song, the user can give it a rating from 0 to 5 stars. The user can access the following features for each song that the user has rated. A list of users on the contact list who have given the song the same rating, with links to those users' profiles A map showing all other users in the area who have given the song the same rating, with links to those users' profiles A basic StreamPal account is free, but it displays advertisements that are based on data collected by the application. For example, if a us
B Users of the application may have the ability to determine information about the locations of users that are not on their contact list.
Which of the following is most likely to be a data privacy concern for RunRoutr users? Responses A Users of the application are required to carry their smartphones with them while running in order to enable all of the application's features. B Users of the application may have the ability to determine information about the locations of users that are not on their contact lists. C Users of the application may not be able to accurately track their running history if they share their smartphone with another family member. D Users of the application may not be compatible with any other users in their area
B Users of the application may have the ability to determine information about the locations of users that are not on their contact lists.
Which of the following actions is most likely to raise legal or ethical concerns? Responses A An analyst writes a program that scans through a database of open-access scientific journals and creates a document with links to articles written on a particular topic. B A computer scientist adds several features to an open-source software program that was designed by another individual. C A musician creates a song using samples of a copyrighted work and then uses a Creative Commons license to publish the song. D A public interest group alerts people to a scam that involves charging them for a program that is available for free under a Creative Commons license.
C A musician creates a song using samples of a copyrighted work and then uses a Creative Commons license to publish the song.
Which of the following school policies is most likely to have a positive impact on the digital divide? Responses A A school allows students to bring a graphing calculator from home to complete in-class mathematics assignments. B A school allows students to bring a tablet computer to class every day to participate in graded quizzes. C A school provides a laptop or tablet computer to all students enrolled at the school. D A school recommends that all students purchase a computer with as much processing speed as possible so that projects run faster.
C A school provides a laptop or tablet computer to all students enrolled at the school.
Which of the following best exemplifies the use of multifactor authentication to protect an online banking system? Responses A When a user resets a password for an online bank account, the user is required to enter the new password twice. B When multiple people have a shared online bank account, they are each required to have their own unique username and password. C After entering a password for an online bank account, a user must also enter a code that is sent to the user's phone via text message. D An online bank requires users to change their account passwords multiple times per year without using the same password twice.
C After entering a password for an online bank account, a user must also enter a code that is sent to the user's phone via text message.
A basic RunRoutr account is free, but it displays advertisements that are targeted to individual users based on data collected by the application. For example, if a user's running route begins or ends near a particular store, the application may display an advertisement for that store. Users have the ability to pay a monthly fee for a premium account, which removes advertisements from the application. Businesses have the ability to target advertisements to different groups of people who use RunRoutr. Which of the following groups is LEAST likely to receive targeted advertisements? Responses A Individuals who appear on each other's contact lists B Individuals who are interested in running and fitness C Individuals who sign up for a premium account D Individuals whose running routes begin or end near a particular business location
C Individuals who sign up for a premium account
Which of the following is considered an unethical use of computer resources? A Downloading freeware or shareware onto your home computer B Purchasing a game from an app store and downloading it directly to a mobile device C Purchasing a single-user copy of photo editing software and installing it on all the computers in a computer lab D Searching online for an electronic version of a school textbook
C Purchasing a single-user copy of photo editing software and installing it on all the computers in a computer lab
An Internet user has a need to send private data to another user. Which of the following provides the most security when transmitting private data? Responses A Certifying the data with a Creative Commons license before sending it B Sending the data using a high-bandwidth connection C Sending the data using public-key encryption D Sending the data using redundant routing
C Sending the data using public-key encryption
Directions: For the question or incomplete statement below, two of the suggested answers are correct. For this question, you must select both correct choices to earn credit. No partial credit will be earned if only one correct choice is selected. Select the two that are best in each case. A free online encyclopedia contains articles that can be written and edited by any user. Which of the following are advantages the online encyclopedia has over a traditional paper-based encyclopedia? Select two answers. response - correct Responses A The ability to easily check that the encyclopedia is free of copyrighted content B The ability to ensure that encyclopedia content is the same every time it is accessed C The ability to have a larger number of perspectives reflected in the encyclopedia content D The ability to quickly update encyclopedia content as new information becomes available
C The ability to have a larger number of perspectives reflected in the encyclopedia content D The ability to quickly update encyclopedia content as new information becomes available
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using open-source software? Responses A Open-source software is generally free or lower in cost than commercially available software. B The availability of source code makes it possible to customize open-source software to a user's individual needs. C The original developer of open-source software provides free or low-cost support for users installing and running the software. D Unlike commercial software, which can become obsolete when the company that created it goes out of business, open-source software can be updated without the involvement of the original programmers.
C The original developer of open-source software provides free or low-cost support for users installing and running the software.
A user purchased a new smart home device with embedded software and connected the device to a home network. The user then registered the device with the manufacturer, setting up an account using a personal e-mail and password. Which of the following explains how a phishing attack could occur against the user of the smart home device? A A vulnerability in the device's software is exploited to gain unauthorized access to other devices on the user's home network. B A vulnerability in the device's software is exploited to install software that reveals the user's password to an unauthorized individual. C The user is sent an e-mail appearing to be from the manufacturer, asking the user to confirm the account password by clicking on a link in the e-mail and entering the password on the resulting page. D The user's account is sent an overwhelming number of messages in an attempt to disrupt service on the user's h
C The user is sent an e-mail appearing to be from the manufacturer, asking the user to confirm the account password by clicking on a link in the e-mail and entering the password on the resulting page.
A student purchases a single-user license of a copyrighted application and wants other students to be able to use it at the same time. Under which of the following conditions is it considered acceptable for the student to share the application? Responses A When the application is shared only with students at the same school B When the application is shared on a peer-to-peer network C When the student gets permission from the copyright owner of the application D When the student makes a copy of the application for another student to use only once
C When the student gets permission from the copyright owner of the application
Which of the following activities is most likely to be successful as a citizen science project? Responses A Collecting pictures of plants from around the world that can be analyzed to look for regional differences in plant growth. B Designing and building a robot to help with tasks in a medical laboratory. C Sorting scientific records and removing duplicate entries in a database with a large number of entries. D Using a simulation to predict the impact of a construction project on local animal populations.
Collecting pictures of plants from around the world that can be analyzed to look for regional differences in plant growth.
Which of the following best explains how a certificate authority is used in protecting data? Responses A A certificate authority certifies the safety of a particular Web site so that users know that it does not contain any viruses. B A certificate authority issues passwords that grant access to secure databases. C A certificate authority maintains a secure database that maps all Web domain names to the IP addresses of the servers where the sites are hosted. D A certificate authority verifies the authenticity of encryption keys used in secured communications.
D A certificate authority verifies the authenticity of encryption keys used in secured communications.
Which of the following applications is most likely to benefit from the use of crowdsourcing? Responses A An application that allows users to convert measurement units (e.g., inches to centimeters, ounces to liters) B An application that allows users to purchase tickets for a local museum C An application that allows users to compress the pictures on their devices to optimize storage space D An application that allows users to view descriptions and photographs of local landmarks
D An application that allows users to view descriptions and photographs of local landmarks
A small team of wildlife researchers is working on a project that uses motion-activated field cameras to capture images of animals at study sites. The team is considering using a "citizen science" approach to analyze the images. Which of the following best explains why such an approach is considered useful for this project? Responses A Distributed individuals are likely to be more accurate in wildlife identification than the research team. B The image analysis is likely to be more consistent if completed by an individual citizen. C The image analysis is likely to require complex research methods. D The image analysis is likely to take a longer time for the research team than for a distributed group of individuals.
D The image analysis is likely to take a longer time for the research team than for a distributed group of individuals.
A city's police department has installed cameras throughout city streets. The cameras capture and store license plate data from cars driven and parked throughout the city. The authorities use recorded license plate data to identify stolen cars and to enforce parking regulations. Which of the following best describes a privacy risk that could occur if this method of data collection is misused? Responses A The cameras may not be able to read license plates in poor weather conditions. B Local business owners could lose customers who are unwilling to park in the city. C Traffic personnel who work for the city could lose their jobs if their services are no longer needed. D The vehicle location data could be used to monitor the movements of city residents.
D The vehicle location data could be used to monitor the movements of city residents.
Which of the following is an example of a phishing attack? Responses A Loading malicious software onto a user's computer in order to secretly gain access to sensitive information B Flooding a user's computer with e-mail requests in order to cause the computer to crash C Gaining remote access to a user's computer in order to steal user IDs and passwords D Using fraudulent e-mails in order to trick a user into voluntarily providing sensitive information
D Using fraudulent e-mails in order to trick a user into voluntarily providing sensitive information
A musician is creating a song using audio samples. Which of the following actions will minimize the risk of a copyright violation when creating sample-based music? Responses A Using samples found on popular music-streaming sites B Using samples found on peer-to-peer networks C Using samples from nondigital sound sources (vinyl records, tapes, etc.) D Using samples published with a no-rights-reserved Creative Commons license
D Using samples published with a no-rights-reserved Creative Commons license
An author is considering publishing an e-book using a Creative Commons license. In which of the following situations would it be better for the author to use a Creative Commons license instead of a traditional copyright? The author wants to make the e-book available as a free download. The author wants to prevent people from sharing copies of the e-book on peer-to-peer networks. The author wants to allow people permission to use and modify the e-book. Responses A I only B II only C I and III D II and III
I and III
Which of the following are true statements about digital certificates in Web browsers? Digital certificates are used to verify the ownership of encrypted keys used in secured communication. Digital certificates are used to verify that the connection to a Web site is fault tolerant. Responses A I only B II only C I and II D Neither I nor II
I only
The author of an e-book publishes the e-book using a no-rights-reserved Creative Commons license. Which of the following best explains the consequences of publishing the book with this type of license? Responses A The contents of the e-book will be encrypted and can only be decrypted by authorized individuals. B Individuals can freely distribute or use the contents of the e-book without needing to obtain additional permissions from the author. C Individuals will be legally prevented from sharing the e-book on a peer-to-peer network. D Individuals will be legally prevented from using excerpts from the e-book in another published work.
Individuals can freely distribute or use the contents of the e-book without needing to obtain additional permissions from the author.
A certain social media application is popular with people across the United States. The developers of the application are updating the algorithm used by the application to introduce a new feature that allows users of the application with similar interests to connect with one another. Which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to introduce bias into the application? Responses A Enticing users to spend more time using the application by providing the updated algorithm for users who use the application at least ten hours per week B Inviting a random sample of all users to try out the new algorithm and provide feedback before it is released to a wider audience C Providing the updated algorithm only to teenage users to generate excitement about the new feature D Testing the updated algorithm with a small number of users in the city where the developers are located so that immediate feedback can be gathered
Inviting a random sample of all users to try out the new algorithm and provide feedback before it is released to a wider audience
A software development company has created an application called FileCleanUp. When the application is run on a user device, it searches for all files (including pictures, videos, and documents) that have not been accessed in the past month, stores them on the company's Web server, and deletes them from the user device. The application runs once each day. Users have the ability to manually retrieve files from the server if they are needed. Which of the following is most likely to be a harmful effect of using FileCleanUp? Responses A It prevents users from accessing frequently used files when there is no Internet connectivity. B It prevents users from accessing infrequently used files when there is no Internet connectivity. C It prevents users from accessing frequently used files when there is reliable Internet connectivity. D It prevents users from accessing infrequently used files when there is reliable Internet co
It prevents users from accessing infrequently used files when there is no Internet connectivity.
A mobile game tracks players' locations using GPS. The game offers special in-game items to players when they visit real-world points of interest. Which of the following best explains how bias could occur in the game? Responses A Points of interest may be more densely located in cities, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas. B Some players may engage in trespassing, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas. C Special items may not be useful to all players, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas. D Weather conditions may be unpredictable, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas.
Points of interest may be more densely located in cities, favoring players in urban areas over players in rural areas.
Which of the following actions is most likely to be effective in reducing the digital divide at a local level? Responses A Creating an application that offers coupons and discounts for local businesses B Offering a discount to utility customers who pay their bills online instead of by mail C Providing free community access to computers at schools, libraries, and community centers D Requiring applicants for local government jobs to complete an online application
Providing free community access to computers at schools, libraries, and community centers
A state government is attempting to reduce the digital divide. Which of the following activities has the greatest potential to contribute to the digital divide rather than reducing it? Responses A Providing programs that focus on technology literacy at local libraries B Requiring applicants for government jobs to apply using an online platform C Working with technology companies to offer computing devices at discounted prices to individuals with reduced incomes D Working with telecommunications companies to build network infrastructure in remote areas
Requiring applicants for government jobs to apply using an online platform
A software company is designing a mobile game system that should be able to recognize the faces of people who are playing the game and automatically load their profiles. Which of the following actions is most likely to reduce the possibility of bias in the system? Responses A Testing the system with members of the software company's staff B Testing the system with people of different ages, genders, and ethnicities C Testing the system to make sure that the rules of the game are clearly explained D Testing the system to make sure that players cannot create multiple profiles
Testing the system with people of different ages, genders, and ethnicities
An online gaming company is introducing several new initiatives to encourage respectful communication between players of online games. Which of the following best describes a solution that uses crowdsourcing? A The company allows individual players to endorse fellow players based on courteous interactions. Once a player receives enough endorsements, the player is given free rewards that can be used during gameplay. B The company eliminates chat from gameplay and sets the default chat policy to off. Players must actively turn on chat to converse outside of gameplay. C The company introduces software that monitors all chats. Inappropriate conversations are identified, and players involved in the conversations are banned from the game. D The company updates the acceptable content guidelines to explicitly describe appropriate and inappropriate behavior
The company allows individual players to endorse fellow players based on courteous interactions. Once a player receives enough endorsements, the player is given free rewards that can be used during gameplay.
From the perspective of the application's developers, which of the following is most likely to be a benefit of storing all user data in a database? Responses A The developers can analyze the data to make improvements to the application based on user behavior. B The developers can analyze the data to ensure that no patterns emerge in the data. C The developers can reduce the amount of data storage required to support the application. D The developers can reduce the need for data encryption.
The developers can analyze the data to make improvements to the application based on user behavior.
A programmer created a piece of software and wants to publish it using a Creative Commons license. Which of the following is a direct benefit of publishing the software with this type of license? Responses A The programmer can ensure that the algorithms used in the software are free from bias. B The programmer can ensure that the source code for the software is backed up for archival purposes. C The programmer can include code that was written by other people in the software without needing to obtain permission. D The programmer can specify the ways that other people are legally allowed to use and distribute the software.
The programmer can specify the ways that other people are legally allowed to use and distribute the software.
In public key cryptography, the sender uses the recipient's public key to encrypt a message. Which of the following is needed to decrypt the message? Responses A The sender's public key B The sender's private key C The recipient's public key D The recipient's private key
The recipient's private key
A researcher wants to publish the results of a study in an open access journal. Which of the following is a direct benefit of publishing the results in this type of publication? Responses A The researcher can allow the results to be easily obtained by other researchers and members of the general public. B The researcher can better anticipate the effect of the results and ensure that they are used responsibly. C The researcher can ensure that any personal information contained in the journal is kept private and secure. D The researcher can prevent copies of the research from being accessed by academic rivals.
The researcher can allow the results to be easily obtained by other researchers and members of the general public.
A user unintentionally installs keylogging software on a computer. Which of the following is an example of how the keylogging software can be used by an unauthorized individual to gain access to computing resources? Responses A The software gives an unauthorized individual remote access to the computer, allowing the individual to search the computer for personal information. B The software installs a virus on the computer and prompts the user to make a payment to the unauthorized individual to remove the virus. C The software prompts the user to enter personal information to verify the user's identity. This personal information is recorded and transmitted to an unauthorized individual. D The software records all user input on the computer. The recorded information is transmitted to an unauthorized individual, who analyzes it to determine the user's login passwords.
The software installs a virus on the computer and prompts the user to make a payment to the unauthorized individual to remove the virus.
Which of the following best explains how devices and information can be susceptible to unauthorized access if weak passwords are used? Responses A Unauthorized individuals can deny service to a computing system by overwhelming the system with login attempts. B Unauthorized individuals can exploit vulnerabilities in compression algorithms to determine a user's password from their decompressed data. C Unauthorized individuals can exploit vulnerabilities in encryption algorithms to determine a user's password from their encryption key. D Unauthorized individuals can use data mining and other techniques to guess a user's password.
Unauthorized individuals can use data mining and other techniques to guess a user's password.
RunRoutr is a fitness tracking application for smartphones that creates suggested running routes so that users can run with each other. Upon downloading the application, each user creates a username, a personal profile, and a contact list of friends who also use the application. The application uses the smartphone's GPS unit to track a user's location, running speed, and distance traveled. Users can use the application to review information and statistics about their previous runs. At the beginning of a run, users indicate the distance they want to run from their current location, and the application suggests a running route. A basic RunRoutr account is free, but it displays advertisements that are targeted to individual users based on data collected by the application.Users have the ability to pay a monthly fee for a premium account, which removes advertisements from the application. Which benefit to users of t
Users of the application may see health benefits as a result of the application encouraging them to exercise with each other.
Which of the following statements is most likely true about the differences between the basic version and the premium version of StreamPal? Responses A Users of the basic version of StreamPal are more likely to give songs higher ratings than are users of the premium version of StreamPal. B Users of the basic version of StreamPal indirectly support StreamPal by allowing themselves to receive advertisements. C Users of the basic version of StreamPal spend more on monthly fees than do users of the premium version of StreamPal. D Users of the basic version of StreamPal use less data storage space on their devices than do users of the premium version of StreamPal.
Users of the basic version of StreamPal indirectly support StreamPal by allowing themselves to receive advertisements.
MeeReader is an e-reading application that allows users to download and read books and articles on a device. Each user creates a profile with the following personal preferences. Screen brightness and contrast Choice of typeface and font size Amount of spacing between lines of text Activation of a text-to-speech feature that reads the text out loud When the user launches the application, the application scans the user's face and uses facial recognition software to determine the user's identity. Once the user has been identified, the user's personal preferences are applied to whatever book or article the user chooses to read. The application stores all user information in a database, including personal preferences and a record of previously read books and articles. Which of the following is most likely to be a beneficial effect of using MeeReader? A Users may have a reduced risk of the application being used in u
Users with visual impairments may be able to more easily read or listen to books and articles.
A Web site uses several strategies to prevent unauthorized individuals from accessing user accounts. Which of the following is NOT an example of multifactor authentication? Responses A Each employee for a company is issued a USB device that contains a unique token code. To log into a company computer, an employee must insert the USB device into the computer and provide a correct password. B After logging into an account from a new device, a user must enter a code that is sent via e-mail to the e-mail address on file with the account. C In order to log into an account, a user must provide both a password and a fingerprint that is captured using the user's device. D When a user enters an incorrect password more than two times in a row, the user is locked out of the account for 24 hours.
When a user enters an incorrect password more than two times in a row, the user is locked out of the account for 24 hours.
