AP Euro Ch. 22 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

industrial growth first really accelerated in Britain during the

1780s

in 1860, Britain produced _____ percent of the world's output of industrial goods

20

limited the workday for children between 9 and 13 to eight hours a day

Factory Act

author of the Condition of the Working Class in England

Friedrich Engels

an early proponent of economic nationalism

Friedrich List

in the 1760s, Monday was popularly known as _____ because so many workers took the day off

Saint Monday

work that states that the British middle classes were guilty of mass murder and wholesale robbery

The Condition of theWorking Class in England

an English carpenter who built cotton-spinning equipment in Belgium

William Cockerill

_____ managed to raise per capita industrial levels in the nineteenth century

all European states

the tendency to hire family units in the early factories was a)originally a government-sponsored response to urbanization b)usually a response to the wishes of families c)replaced by the system of pauper apprenticeship d)outlawed by the Combination Acts e)highly inefficient

b)usually a response to the wishes of families

a _____ boom in the 1770s enhanced Britain's infrastructure advantage

canal-building

the switch from charcoal to _____ helped revolutionize the iron industry

coke

all of the following were consequences of revolutionary changes in the textile industry except a)cheaper cotton goods b)a dramatic increase in weavers' wages c)the movement of large numbers of agricultural workers into the industry d)a reduction in child labor e)easier access to yarn for handloom weavers

d)a reduction in child labor

the difficulties faced by the continental economies in their efforts to compete with the British included all of the following except the a)low prices of British mass-produced goods b)complexity and expense of the new technology c)resistance of landowning elites d)scarcity of human capital e)devastation left by the Napoleonic wars

d)scarcity of human capital

scholarly statistical studies of the condition of members of the British working class indicate that improvement

did not come until after 1820

most early industrialists drew on _____ for labor and capital

family and friends

the key development that allowed continental banks to shed their earlier conservative nature was the establishment of

limited liability investment

by reducing the cost of overland freight, the railroad created

national markets

because working conditions were poor in early textile factories, factory owners turned to _____ as an important part of their work force

orphaned children

the earliest steam engines were used to

pump water out of coal mines

the first factories grew out of the

putting-out system

the first modern factories arose in the _____ industry

textile

a constant shortage of _____ drove the work of many early industrial inventors

thread

railroad construction on the continent featured

varying degrees of government involvment

in the eighteenth century, a shortage of _____ held British industry back

wood