AP European History Chapter 14 Vocabulary

The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Calvin's formulation of Christian doctrine, which became a systematic theology for Protestantism.

Protestant Ethic

Sociological term used to define the Calvinist belief in hard work to illustrate selection in elite group involved serious commitment to work and to engagement in worldly pursuits

Anabaptist

a Protestant sectarian of a radical movement arising in the 16th century and advocating the baptism and church membership of adult believers only, nonresistance, and the separation of church and state.

Syndics

a government official in various countries

Act of Supremacy

1534:The first Act of Supremacy was a piece of legislation that granted King Henry VIII of England Royal Supremacy, which means that he was declared the supreme head of the Church of England. 1559:Elizabeth declared herself Supreme Governor of the Church of England, and instituted an Oath of Supremacy, requiring anyone taking public or church office to swear allegiance to the monarch as head of the church established rules of the Church of England unless their actions directly undermined the authority of the English monarch, as was the case in the vestments controversy

Dialectic

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The Elect

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Confederacy

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Edict of Nantes

A document issued by Henry IV of France in 1598, granting liberty of conscience and of public worship to Calvinists, which helped restore peace in France.

Indulgence

A document issued by the Catholic Church lessening penance or time in purgatory, widely believed to bring forgiveness of all sins.

Benefices

Church offices.

Huguenots

French Calvinists.

Act of Uniformity

Imposed a common book of prayers???

Council of Trent

It was a council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions to examine and condemn the teachings of Martin Luther and other Protestant reformers; redefined the Roman Catholic doctrine and abolished various ecclesiastical abuses and strengthened the papacy.

Counter Reformation

It was the period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War , which is sometimes considered a response to the Protestant Reformation. The Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration, religious orders, spiritual movements, and political dimensions.

Jesuits

Members of the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius Loyola, whose goal was the spread of the Roman Catholic faith.

Politiques

Moderates of both religious faiths who held that only a strong monarchy could save France from total collapse.

Anticlericalism

Opposition of clergy.

Union of Uchrecht

The alliance of seven northern provinces (led by Holland) that declared its independence from Spain and formed the United Provinces of the Netherlands.

Pluralism

The clerical practice of holding more than one church benefice (or office) at the same time and enjoying the income from each.

Spanish Armada

The fleet sent by Philip II of Spain in 1588 against England as a religious crusade against Protestantism. Weather and the English fleet defeated it.

Protestant

The name originally given to Lutherans, which came to mean all non-Catholic Western Christian groups.

Holy Office

The official Roman Catholic agency founded in 1542 to combat international doctrinal heresy.

Predestination

The teaching that God has determined the salvation or damnation of individuals based on his will and purpose, not on their merit of works.

Purgatory

a place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven.

Protestant Reformation

a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches

Six Articles

a set of formulas defining the doctrinal position of the Church of England, drawn up in the 16th century, to which the clergy are required to give general consent

Diet of Worms

assembly of the estates of the empire, called by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V

Egalitarian

of, relating to, or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.

Temporal

relating to worldly as opposed to spiritual affairs; secular.

Justification by Faith

the act of God whereby humankind is made or accounted just, or free from guilt or penalty of sin. It is a Christian theological doctrine that distinguishes most Protestant denominations from Catholicism, Eastern Christianity and some in the Restoration Movement.

Transubstantiation

the bread and the wine actually turns into the blood and body of Christ

Infallibility

the doctrine that in specified circumstances the pope is incapable of error in pronouncing dogma.

Polygamy

the practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same time