AP Government : The judicial branch test review
What is an Amicus Curiae brief?
A "friend of the court" who files a brief which amounts to judicial lobbying.
What is writ of certiorari?
A certificate that allows cases to reach the supreme court is a writ of certiorari
What is the court of federal claims?
A court that hears cases involving individuals suing for damages against the federal government.
What is an Indictment?
A formal accusation by a grand jury
What is Preventive Detention?
A law that allows federal judges to hold a felon when they think he could commit another crime
What is treason?
Actions against one's country
The united states tax court hears _____ ________
Civil Cases
What would be tried in federal court? Speeding Stealing an expensive shirt Counterfeiting Possessing one gram of Marijuana
Counterfeiting would be tried in federal court
District courts hold what jurisdiction over most cases?
District courts hold Original Jurisdiction on average.
Weakness of the articles of confederation?
Does not provide for a nation judiciary.
true or false : a recent poll says that few american support capital punishments for those who committed murder
FALSE 2 in every 3 Americans are FOR capital punishment for those convicted of murder
The establishment clause prohibits the setting up of _____ _____ _____
It prohibits the setting up of Church and State
What does the Due process Clause do for us?
It says that states cannot deny the bill of rights to citizens
Why were individual rights listed in the constitution?
People demanded a listing of their rights
The majority of supreme court opinions stand as _______
Precedents, or examples to be followed in similar cases
What supreme court case dealt with the clear and present danger rule?
Shenek, you cannot yell "Fire" in a movie theater if there is no fire for example
What are civil rights?
Specific rights that embody the general right of all people to equal treatment under the law.
What does the constitution ensure to supreme court judges? (what should they be free from)
Supreme court judges should be free from Direct Political Pressures
What is a marshal?
The federal officers that make arrests, secure jurors, and serve legal papers are marshals
What is a Docket?
The list of cases to be heard by a court
What is Guarantee of association?
The right to assemble and petition with others to promote political, economic, and social causes.
Once appointed by the president, Federal Judges are confirmed by ________
The senate confirms federal judges
What is the supreme courts stand on capital punishment?
The supreme court does NOT believe capital punishment to be cruel and unusual punishment
What is judicial review?
The supreme courts authority to decide whether an act of government is constitutional or not
What is the main reason for the exclusionary rule?
To deter police misconduct
What is an example of symbolic speech?
Wearing an armband carrying a sign
What is Original Jurisdiction?
When a court hears a case for the FIRST time
What is Appellate Jurisdiction?
When a court hears a case on appeal
What is Judicial Activism?
When a judge makes decisions based on on-going changes and values
What is Judicial Restraint?
When a judge makes decisions based upon original intent
What is a Concurring Opinion?
When a judges sides with the majority but bases it on a different reason
What is Concurrent Jurisdiction?
When case may be tried in State and Federal court
What is a bill of attainder?
a legislative act that inflicts punishment without a court trial
What is the Dissenting Opinion?
judges who disagree with the Majority
What is the Writ of Habeas Corpus?
protecting individuals from unfair arrest and imprisonment
What are shield laws?
protects the identities of news sources
What is Limited Government?
restriction of government, each individual has rights that government cannot take away
What is a bench trial?
trial with no jury