AP Human Geography-1

Spatial association

2 distributions of features often spatially correspond with each other

Graticule

A grid of lines laid over the globe

Administrative region

A region created by law, treaty, or regulation

Concentration

A statement of the extent to which features within a distribution are clustered together

Site

An absolute location concept, refers to the physical and cultural characteristics and attributes of the place itself

Prime meridian

An established origin line of longitude passing through Greenwich Observatory outside London

Thematic region

Based on one or more objectively measurable themes or properties

Fields

Continuously varying surfaces on the earth that we think of as completely covering the space of the landscape they occupy without overlapping other fields

Projection

Designates the method chosen to represent the Earth's curved surface as a flat map--- to develop the Earth's surface

Remote sensing

Detecting the nature of an object and the content of an area from a distance

Absolute direction

Direction based on global or macroscopic features such as the cardinal points of north, south, east, and west, or on the directions to prominent stars

Relative direction

Directions based culturally and locationally variable, despite the reference to Cardinal compass points

Object

Discrete entities that we think of as having sharp boundaries and being separated by space that may be conceived of as empty

Region

Earth areas that display significant elements of internal uniformity and external difference from surrounding territories

Geographic information system

Extends the use of digitized data and computer manipulation to investigate and display spatial information of all types

Spatial system

Functions as a unit because its component parts are interdependent

Reference map

General purpose maps

Accessibility

How easy or difficult it is to overcome the barrier of the time and space separating places

Space

Implies areal extent and may be understood in both an absolute and relative sense

Globalization

Implies the increasing interconnection of peoples and societies in all parts of the world as the full range of social, cultural, political, economic, and environmental processes becomes international in scale and effect

Geographic feature

Include natural features such as mountains, rivers, forests, oceans, and atmospheric fronts

Mental map

Internal models or representations of an area or an environment developed by an individual on the basis of information or impressions received, interpreted, and stored

Latitude

Lines on the globe running parallel

Longitude

Lines on the globe running vertical

Spatial interaction

Places interacting with other places

Situation

Refers to the external relations of a locale. It is an expression of relative location

Model

Representations of a reality in an idealised form to make certain aspects more clear

Spatial distribution

The arrangement of items on the Earth's surface

Cartography

The art and science of maps and map-making

Place

The attributes and values we individually associate with location

Regional concept

The concept of regions

Pattern

The geometric arrangement of feature in space

Parallel

The horizontal lines on a globe also known as latitude

Absolute location

The identification of place by some precise and accepted system of coordinates; it therefore is sometimes called mathematical location

Perceptual region

The informal subjective regions defined by people's beliefs

Absolute distance

The physical separation between two points on the Earth's surface measured by some accepted standard unit such as miles or kilometers for widely separated locales

Relative location

The position of a place in relation to that of other places or activities

Spatial diffusion

The process of dispersion of an idea or an item from a center of origin to more distant points with which it is directly or indirectly connected

Natural landscape

The setting within which human action occurs

Scale

The size of unit studied

Dispersion

The statement of the extent to which features within a distribution are spread out from each other

Meridian

The vertical lines on a globe also known as longitude

Cultural landscape

The visible expression of that human activity

Globe

Three-dimensional spherical model of the earth

Develop

To represent

Relative distance

Transforms those linear measurements into other units that could be more meaningful for the special relationship in question

Density

Usually thought of as a measure of the number or quantity of a specific feature within a defined unit of area

Place stereotype

What you think a place might be like without ever actually being there

Placelessness

Without a sense of place

Connectivity

a broader concept implying all the tangible and intangible ways in which places are linked

Functional region

regions that emerge from patterns of interaction over space and time that connect places

Thematic map

represent a graphic theme