AP I Chap 16

Which of the following are true of visceral reflexes? short reflexes essential to digestive function long reflexes All of these are true of visceral reflexes.

All of these are true of visceral reflexes.

The parasympathetic nervous system releases __________ at ganglionic synapses and __________ at its neuroeffector junctions. neuroeffector junctions. acetylcholine, norepinephrine acetylcholine, epinephrine acetylcholine, acetylcholine norepinephrine; acetylcholine

acetylcholine, acetylcholine

Even in the absence of a stimulus, autonomic motor neurons show a resting level of spontaneous activity. What is this called? visceral reflex dual innervation autonomic plexuses autonomic tone

autonomic tone

During an asthma attack, inhalers are used to dilate respiratory passages, making breathing easier. What type of adrenergic membrane receptor is targeted to cause this reaction? beta-1 receptor beta-3 receptors alpha-1 receptors beta-2 receptor

beta-2 receptor

Which of the following is NOT a component of the parasympathetic nervous system? otic ganglion submandibular ganglion ciliary ganglion celiac ganglion

celiac ganglion

Parasympathetic outflow is ABSENT in which of these? cervical ganglia cranial nerve III cranial nerve X pelvic nerves

cervical ganglia

Which of these changes DOES NOT normally accompany aging? decreased subarachnoid space decreased brain volume decreased synaptic connections decreased blood flow to the brain

decreased subarachnoid space

Nicotine, the highly addictive plant toxin, activates nicotinic receptors in the peripheral nervous system. This means it will __________. inhibit synaptic transmission at all autonomic ganglionic synapses inhibit synaptic transmission at all autonomic synapses facilitate synaptic transmission at all autonomic ganglionic synapses facilitate synaptic transmission only at parasympathetic ganglionic synapses

facilitate synaptic transmission at all autonomic ganglionic synapses

Where is the headquarters of the autonomic nervous system? cerebellum hypothalamus brain stem cerebral cortex

hypothalamus

Sympathetic nerve activity would cause all of the following responses EXCEPT __________. increased sweating increased stomach motility increased heart rate increased respiratory rate

increased stomach motility

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the __________ horn of the __________ cord. lateral gray, sacral spinal lateral gray, thoracic and lumbar spinal ventral gray, sacral spinal ventral gray, thoracic and lumbar spinal

lateral gray, sacral spinal

hich of these is NOT a similarity between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems? Both use acetylcholine. Both affect the pupils. Both affect heart rate. Both use norepinephrine.

Both use norepinephrine.

Brain dopamine levels are important in all of these EXCEPT __________. schizophrenia Parkinson's disease Huntington's disease the action of amphetamine

Huntington's disease

Why is LSD known as a powerful hallucinogenic drug? It can inhibit the production of serotonin. It activates serotonin receptors in the brain stem, hypothalamus, and limbic system, increasing the concentration of serotonin. It binds to serotonin receptors on the post-synaptic membrane, preventing serotonin from binding. LSD destroys serotonin-secreting neurons

It activates serotonin receptors in the brain stem, hypothalamus, and limbic system, increasing the concentration of serotonin.

What is the main structural difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems? Motor neurons of the SNS directly control effectors, whereas motor neurons of the ANS do not directly control effectors. Motor neurons of the ANS directly control effectors, whereas motor neurons of the SNS do not directly control effectors. The SNS has three neurons involved in a motor response, the ANS has two. Integrative centers for the SNS are in the hypothalamus, while the integrative centers for the ANS are in the primary motor cortex.

Motor neurons of the SNS directly control effectors, whereas motor neurons of the ANS do not directly control effectors.

Which statement is correct? Parasympathetic ganglia lie close to the spinal cord. Sympathetic fibers originate in the brain and sacral spinal cord. Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are short. Sympathetic ganglia lie close to the spinal cord.

Sympathetic ganglia lie close to the spinal cord

Which of the following is an example of a skill memory? the smell of cut grass the name of your first pet playing the piano the color of your hair

playing the piano

During deep sleep, which of these changes is/are NOT normally observed? slow-wave EEG decreased respiratory rate rapid eye movements decreased heart rate

rapid eye movements

Which of these is NOT innervated by the splanchnic nerves? celiac ganglion inferior mesenteric ganglion superior mesenteric ganglion superior cervical ganglion

superior cervical ganglion