AP Psych chapter 5
After Carlos has been asleep for about an hour and a half, his heart began to beat faster, his breathing became fast and irregular, and his closed eyes began to dart back and forth. Carlos was most likely experiencing a. stage 4 sleep b. sleep apnea c. narcolepsy d. REM sleep e. hallucination
d.
Our inability to fall asleep early as we had planned is most likely a reflection of a. dissociation b. narcolepsy c. the circadian rhythm d. night terrors e. sleep apnea
c.
The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleep are called a. alpha waves b. circadian rhythms c. sleep spindles d. delta waves e. amplitude waves
c.
Which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep? a. the sleep cycle repeats itself every 60 minutes b. during REM sleep the muscles are tense and brain waves reveal deep relaxation c. as sleep progresses, stage 2 and stage 4 sleep diminish while REM sleep increases d. most of a night's sleep is spent in stage 4 and REM e. everyone needs 8 hours of sleep per night
c.
After four years of working nights, Raymond now works days. His present difficulty in getting to sleep at night is most likely due to a disruption of his normal a. circadian rhythm b. hypnagogic sensations c. alpha wave patten d. sleep apnea e. physical dependence
a.
The brain waves associated w REM are most similar to those of a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. stage 3 d. stage 4 e. stage 5
a.
The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the a. suprachiasmatic nucleus b. dopamine reward system c. thyroid gland d. sleep spindles e. MDMA
a.
The hypnagogic sensations of falling or floating are most likely to occur during which sleep stage? a. NREM b. stage 2 c. stage 3 d. stage 4 e. REM
a.
Three hours after going to sleep, Shoshanna's heart rate increases, her breathing becomes more rapid, and her eyes move rapidly under her closed lids. Research suggests that Shoshanna is a. dreaming b. entering the third stage of sleep c. ready to sleepwalk d. exhibiting a sleep spindle e. experiencing a night terror
a.
When light strikes the retina, it signals the suprachiasmatic nucleus to alter ________ production by the pineal gland a. melatonin b. serotonin c. acetylcholine d. dopamine e. endorphin
a.
After flying from CA to NY, Arthur experienced a restless, sleepless night. His problem was most likely caused by a disruption of his normal a. dopamine production b. circadian rhythm c. hypnagogic sensations d. alpha wave patterns e. manifest content.
b.
Forty-year old Lance insists that he never dreams. Research suggests that he probably a. experiences very little REM sleep b. would report a vivid dream if he were awakened during REM sleep c. dreams during stage 4 rather than during REM sleep d. experiences more stage 4 sleep than most people e. passes through the sleep cycle much more rapidly than most people
b.
Genital arousal is most likely to be associated w a. sleep apnea b. REM sleep c. stage 4 d. sleep spindles e. hypnagogic sleep
b.
The human sleep cycle repeats itself about every a. 30 minutes b. 90 minutes c. 2 1/2 hours d. 4 hours e. 1.5 days
b.
The impact of circadian rhythms is best illustrated by a. the differing musical preferences of younger and older persons b. fluctuations in energy level and alertness across the span of a day c. the different study habits of men and women d. the different personalities of people born during different months of the year e. varying levels of neurotransmitters during REM sleep
b.
The school of thought in psychology that systemically avoided the study of consciousness during the first half of the last century was a. psychoanalysis b. behaviorism c. functionalism d. structuralism e. Gestalt Psychology
b.
Until reading this question, you were unaware that your shoes are pressing against your feet. This focusing of your conscious attention, or selective attention, illustrates that a. consciousness is easily understood and defined b. conscious awareness is one part of the dual processing that occurs in our two-track minds c. the definition of consciousness is constantly evolving d. behaviorism explains many psychological phenomena e. advances in neuroscience make it possible to relate brain activity to our mental states
b.
When people are experiencing vivid dreams a. their bodies often move in accordance w what they dream b. their eyes are likely to move under their closed eyelids c. they are more likely to sleepwalk than during any other stage of sleep d. their slow-brain wave patterns indicate that they are deeply asleep e. they intermittently stop breathing
b.
Which of the following typically occur(s) during REM sleep? a. night terrors b. genital arousal c. bed-wetting d. muscular tension e. narcolepsy
b.
With the approach of night, our body temps begin to drop. This best illustrates the dynamics of the a. hypnagogic state b. circadian rhythm c. alpha wave pattern d. REM rebound e. latent content
b.
At 3 in the morning, John has already slept for 4 hours. As long as his sleep continues, we can expect an increasing occurrence of a. hypnagogic sensations b. muscle tension c. REM sleep d. stage 4 e. dissociation
c.
Cindi prefers to take exams in the late afternoon rather than during the morning, because her energy level and ability to concentrate are better at that time. Her experience most likely reflects the influence of the a. REM rebound b. menstrual cycle c. circadian rhythm d. hypnagogic state e. NREM sleep
c.
Fast and jerky movements of the eyes are especially likely to be associated w a. sleep spindles b. dissociation c. REM sleep d. sleep apnea e. NREM sleep
c.
REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because a. our heart rate is slow and steady, while our breathing is highly irregular b. we are deeply asleep but can be awakened easily c. our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move d. it leads to highly imaginative dreams that are perceived as colorless images e. our brain and nervous system are less active and our muscles are very active
c.
The large, slow brain waves associated w deep sleep are called a. alpha waves b. beta waves c. delta waves d. theta waves e. sleep spindles
c.
Those who emphasize that mood fluctuations may be indicative of seasonal affective disorder are highlighting the importance of a. neuroadaptation b. alpha waves c. biological rhythms d. narcolepsy e. REM sleep
c.
Which of the following is true of melatonin? a. It is produced by the brain during the hypnagogic state in NREM sleep. b. Production of melatonin during sleep boosts our immune system, which helps fight off viral infections. c. It is a sleep hormone released by the pineal gland into the bloodstream d. It alters metabolic and hormonal functioning in ways that mimic agin. e. it helps restore and repair brain tissue by increasing the production of free radicals
c.
By 1960, the study of consciousness had been revived by psychologists' renewed interest in a. perception b. emotion c. socialization d. mental processes e. mental health
d.
How did the definition of psychology change when behaviorism began to dominate the field a. the focus of mental concepts began to reemerge b. the idea that the unconscious forces shape our behavior became central c. psychologists began to concentrate on the development of the self d. psychology centered on direct observation of our actions e. advances in neuroscience directed psychologists to the study of brain activity
d.
How is the hypothalamus involved in sleep? a. cell clusters in the hypothalamus stimulate the production of relatively slow alpha waves, signaling the transition from deep relaxation to sleep b. the hypothalamus triggers the pituitary gland in the endocrine system to produce the hormone thyroxin, which leads you to sleep. c. during sleep the hypothalamus stimulates the production of free radicals, molecules that are toxic to neurons, which weakens unused connections. d. in response to decreasing light the hypothalamus' suprachiastmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep e. the action of the hypothalamus suppresses immune cell production that fights off viral infections and cancer
d.
Margie insists that she never dreams, but her sister feels she can prove otherwise. To prove that Margie does dream, the sister should a. feed Margie lots of rich food just before bed time b. make an all-night audiotape of the sounds Margie makes while sleeping c. wake Margie after she has been asleep for about 5 minutes and ask her what she's dreaming d. wake margie after 5 min of rEM sleep and ask her what she's dreaming e. use posthypnotic suggestion to increase the chances of dream recall
d.
Research on sleep patterns indicates that a. older adults and newborns have very similar sleep patterns b. different sleep patterns reflect differences in latent dream content c. everyone needs a minimum of 8 hours of sleep per night to function well d. sleep patterns may be genetically influenced e. REM sleep may not be necessary for normal functioning
d.
Sensory experiences that occur without a sensory stimulus are called a. night terrors b. neuroadaptations c. dissociations d. hallucinations e. stressors
d.
Consciousness is a. the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember b. the sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem c. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information d. effortless encoding of incidental information into the memory e. our awareness of ourselves and our environment
e
After sleeping for about an hour and a half, José enters a phase of paradoxical sleep. He is likely to a. be easily awakened b. have slower, more regular breathing c. have slower brain waves d. talk in his sleep e. have very relaxed muscles
e.
Alpha waves are associated w/ a. REM sleep b. stage 2 sleep c. stage 3 sleep d. stage 4 sleep e. relaxed but awake state
e.
Paradoxical sleep is to slow-wave sleep as ___________ sleep is to _________. a. REM; stage 1 b. stage 1; REM c. REM; stage 2 e. REM; stage 4
e.
Sleeptalking may occur during a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. REM d. stage 4 e. any stage of sleep
e.