AP Psych Unit 9 Quiz

Client-centered therapy

A humanistic therapy, on which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients growth

flat affect

A severe reduction in emotional expressiveness. People with depression and schizophrenia often show flat affect. A person with schizophrenia may not show the signs of normal emotion, perhaps may speak in a monotonous voice, have diminished facial expressions, and appear extremely apathetic.

Aversive Conditioning

A type of counterconditioning that associates and unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior

Systematic Desensitization

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

Insight Therapies

A variety of therapies which aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

Active listening

Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.

Negative Symptoms

Include the inability to show emotions, apathy, difficulties talking, and withdrawing from social situations and relationships

Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapist's interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

Nondirective Therapy

Therapist listens without interpreting and does not direct the client to any particular insight

Counter Conditioning

a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

Unconditional positive regard

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

Schizophrenia

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Antisocial personality disorder

a personality disorder in which a person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

a rare disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities

Virtual Reality Exposure therapy

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

Eclectic Approach

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Token Economy

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

Dissociative disorders

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Delusions

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

Positive symptoms

feelings or behaviors that are usually not present, such as delusions or hallucinations

Interpersonal psychotherapy

is a brief, attachment-focused psychotherapy that centers on resolving interpersonal problems and symptomatic recovery

Hallucinations

is a sensation or sensory perception that a person experiences in the absence of a relevant external stimulus

Personality Disorder

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Behavior modification

reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors or punishing them

Interpretation

the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

Resistance

the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

Transference

the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships

Behavior therapy

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

Cognitive Therapies

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

Family Therapy

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members