AP Psychology Ch 19
What are the key techniques of humanistic therapy?
1. Active listening 2. Unconditional positive regard 3. Person-centered and non directive therapy
What are the key techniques of cognitive therapy?
1. Encouraging clients to challenge irrational beliefs and replace with rational beliefs 2. Teaching clients to evaluate their beliefs and attitudes rationally 3. REBT and Beck's cognitive therapy
What are the key techniques of psychoanalysis?
1. Free association 2. Dream analysis 3. Analysis of the transference relationship
What are goals of psychotherapy?
1. Giving individuals hope for recovery 2. Helping individuals gain insights or new perspectives on their problems 3. Providing individual with caring, trusting relationship with a mental health professional
What are advantages of group therapy?
1. Individuals realize they aren't alone 2. Individuals can practice coping and other social skills 3. It shows individuals that therapy can work
What are advantages of individual therapy?
1. More personal attention 2. People might talk more openly
What are the 2 most widely used cognitive therapy methods?
1. Rational-emotive behavior therapy 2. Beck's cognitive therapy
What are the key techniques of behavior therapy?
1. Systematic desensitization 2. Modeling 3. Aversive conditioning 4. Operant conditioning
What is rational-emotive behavior therapy?
1. Therapists use techniques such as role-playing and modeling 2. Therapists identify and then challenge the false assumptions
What are the goals of psychoanalysis?
1. To replace avoidant behavior with coping behavior 2. To reduce innapropriate feelings of anxiety and guilt
Disadvantages of psychoanalysis
1. Very time consuming 2. Not useful for bipolar or depression 3. Not for less verbal individuals
What is resistance?
A client's hesitancy or unwillingness to discuss issues raised during free association -defense mechanism
What is manifest content?
Actual content of a dream
What is dream analysis?
Analyst interprets the content of client's dreams to unlock unconscious thoughts and feelings
Two categories of behavior therapy
Counter conditioning and operant conditioning
What is selective abstraction?
Drawing conclusions about a situation on the basis of a single detail and misinterpreting other details that would lead to a different conclusion
What is arbitrary inference?
Drawing conclusions for which there is no evidence
What is over generalization?
Drawing general conclusion from a single experience
Evaluation of cognitive therapy
Effective or even more effective than antidepressant medication
A group of strangers who don't share the same problem
Encounter groups -people who desire emotional growth
What is family therapy?
Improves communication and relations among family members
What is couples therapy?
It helps 2 people communicate more effectively by helping them learn new ways to listen and express feelings
What is Beck's cognitive therapy?
It reconstructs illogical thought processes
What is person-centered therapy?
It was developed by Carl Rogers and is when the therapist recreates an accepting environment to facilitate the patient's growth
What is free association?
The analyst asks the client to relax and then say whatever comes to mind
Evaluation of humanistic therapy
Nearly three fourths showed greater well being
What is counter conditioning?
Pairs the stimulus that triggers an unwanted behavior with a more desirable behavior
Disadvantage of encounter groups
People are unprepared for intense emotions they experience in the therapy
What does a psychiatrist do?
Prescribe medications and perform operations
What did Carl Rogers believe?
Psychological problems arise when people stop being true to themselves
A group composed of people who share the same problem
Self-help group -overeating -addiction
What is systematic desensitization?
The client is trained to relax in the presence of an anxiety producing situation
What is latent content?
The hidden meaning of the dream which the analyst interprets
What is transference?
The patient's transfer of emotions associated with other relationships, to the therapist -major goal of psychoanalysis -Exposes unresolved problems in earlier relationships
What is aversive conditioning?
Therapist replaces a positive response to a stimulus with negative response
What is the goal of cognitive therapy?
To change people's way of thinking by showing them that their thinking is based on illogical thoughts
What is the goal of humanistic therapy?
To help individuals reach their full potential
What is the goal of behavior therapy?
To teach people more desirable ways of behaving
What does a counseling psychologist do?
Treat people with less serious psychological problems and often work in schools
What does a clinical psychologist do?
Treat people with psychological problems and many work in hospitals
What is psychoanalysis primarily useful for?
Treating anxiety, mild depression, and difficulty in handling social relationships
What is non directive therapy?
When clients take the lead in therapy
