Psychology Final

Among the so-called recreational or illicit "designer drugs" is a dissociative anesthetic that produces a sense of detachment along with a reduced awareness of pain. It is called ______.

"K" or "Special K"

According to statistical data, the prevalence of schizophrenia is about ________.

1%

ADHA is found in about _________ of the child populations across all regions of the world.

3-9%

What is the name of the new field of study that reflects the shift in focus from infectious disease to psychological/behavioral factors as causes of illness and death?

Behavioral medicine

According to the principles of health psychology, which of the following is the best protection against acquiring AIDS?

Changing risky behaviors that can lead to disease acquisition

According to the Addington v. Texas (1979) which of the following is sufficient cause to commit someone to commit a mentally ill person to the hospital involuntarily?

Danger to self and others

Which of the following is NOT one of the typical minor side effects of antipsychotic medications?

Headaches

How do the delusions in delusional disorder differ from the delusions in paranoid schizophrenia?

In delusional disorder, the imagined events could really be happening but there is no evidence that they are happening.

Which of the following psychological tests has been used to accurately identify malingering in people claiming to have posttraumatic stress disorder?

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Carla and Carlos have recently learned that they are HIV positive. According to research studies involving people who are HIV positive, what is most likely to occur?

Neither Carlos nor Carla is likely to change any of their previous behaviors.

A recent theory suggests that the psychological profiles of many serial killers point to the role of which psychological disorder?

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Which of the following is the persecution type of psychotic delusion?

People are out to get you

Which of the following is an accurate statement in regard to public perception of the insanity defense?

The public overestimates how often the insanity defense is successfully used.

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the treatment of antisocial personality disorder and related antisocial behaviors?

There has been greater success in reducing antisocial behavior in young children than adults.

Annabelle has been a heavy drinker for years. Her behavior reflects confusion, loss of muscle coordination and unintelligible speech. Such behavior is probably the result of _______.

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Childhood trauma as a cause of borderline personality disorder may be too simplistic an explanation because

a significant percentage of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder do not have a history of childhood trauma.

Delirium is generally treated with __________________.

a treatment based on the specific cause of the delirium

A person with paranoid personality disorder may

all of the above

"Crack babies," born to mothers who have used cocaine, often develop problems that are attributed not only to the effects of cocaine but also to

all of these

The disease model of dependence

assumes that dependence is caused by a psychological disorder.

The definition of fetishistic disorder is sexual _______________.

attraction to nonliving objects

The most common type of hallucination experienced by psychotic individuals is ____________.

auditory

A token economy is an incentive system in which hospitalized patients with schizophrenia

both of these

If an individual is diagnosed as psychotic, it usually means that the person has ____________.

both of these

At various times the symptoms of the disorder known as chronic fatigue syndrome were attributed to all of the following EXCEPT __________________.

brain atrophy

The behavior of those diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder tends to

decline significantly around age 40

The term "mental illness" is considered a legal concept and is defined

differently from state to state.

The typical adult who molests a child

does not use physical force.

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it is necessary for symptoms to be present in

either of the symptom categories.

Stress affects immune function

even if the stressful event lasts as little as 2 hours.

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a combination of problems that can occur in a child whose mother drank alcohol while pregnant. Symptoms of FAS include all of the following EXCEPT

excessive fetal growth.

Deception of research participants is often required in psychological research studies like the one shown on the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD segment for Chapter 16. When a research subject is deceived during an experiment, it is necessary to

explain the deception in a debriefing session after the experiment.

All of the following are possible causes of dementia EXCEPT _________________.

food additives and preservatives

Of those identical (monozygotic) twins where one twin is homosexual, the other twin is also homosexual in 50% of cases. This means

genes are only one influence for sexual orientation.

Patients with schizophrenia who take antipsychotic medications sometimes develop severe side effects such as akinesia, a Parkinsonian-like condition that produces all of the following EXCEPT __________.

hand tremors

In the textbook case of Arthur, he said that he had a "secret plan to save all the starving children in the world." After Arthur showed other bizarre behavior and also said he was going to climb the fence of a government building, his parents tried to have him admitted to a psychiatric hospital. They were not able to do that because

he was not considered a danger to himself or others.

An appropriate treatment goal for an individual with mild or moderate intellectual disability is

improve abilities to care for self.

Group psychotherapy for cancer patients tends to

increase survival times.

Using the word psychosomatic to describe a disorder with an obvious physical component is considered misleading because

it gives the impression that psychological disorders like anxiety or depression do not have a biological component.

The formal process of civil commitment begins with a petition directed to a(n) ______________.

judge

All of the following are factors that may play a role in gender nonconformity EXCEPT

lack of male playmates.

Recent studies suggest that Ginkgo biloba has _____________ on memory.

little or no impact

Provisions of the Supreme Court decision known as Addington v. Texas (1979) included all of the following EXCEPT

needing treatment or having a grave disability is sufficient to commit someone with a mental illness.

Yesterday you asked your friend Ray for a couple of aspirin tablets. Ray has been taking a psychology course and informs you that, in behavioral terms, aspirin is a _____________ reinforcer. (After listening to this, your headache begins to gets worse.)

negative

The incidence of gender dysphoria

occurs three times more frequently in natal males than natal females

All of the following are necessary conditions for the diagnosis of a personality disorder EXCEPT

patient feelings of distress.

Based on findings from clinical research, treatment programs for chronic pain focus primarily on

psychological factors.

An appropriate treatment goal for a child with autistic disorder

reduction in tantrums and enhancement of communication skills.

The physiological response of an individual to a stressor is called __________________.

stress

Parkinson's disease is associated with __________________.

subcortical neurocognitive disorder

Down syndrome can be detected by

the first trimester of pregnancy.

Information about mental institutions indicates that up until the 1980s, patients had

virtually no rights.