AP US History Ch 14/16

14th amendment

1) Citizenship for African Americans, 2) Repeal of 3/5 Compromise, 3) Denial of former confederate officials from holding national or state office, 4) Repudiate (reject) confederate debts

13th amendment

1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Freedmen's Bureau

Aided southerns who were homeless, educated blacks and established schools, helped settle arguments between whties and black

Johnson's impeachment

Andrew Johnson fired someone who was on tenure, only republican, democrats looking for reason to get rid of him. violation of the tenure of office act caused this

Reconstruction

the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union

The Dred Scott Decision

Dred Scott was a slave who had moved to Illinois and Wisconsin (free states) which his owner. When his owner died, lawyers argued before the Supreme Court that since Scott had lived in a free state, he was a free man. The Supreme Court argued that since Scott was black, he was not a citizen of the US and could not file a case. The Justices said slaves were property. The court also ruled that Congress did not have power to outlaw slavery in ANY territory. (this meant the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.)

The Kansas Nebraska Act

It would create 2 new territories to allow the government to build a railroad. It split Nebraska into the territories of Nebraska and Kansas and allowed for popular sovereignty there

The Wilmot Proviso

Proposal to prohibit slavery in any land acquired in the Mexican War, but southern senators, led by John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, defeated the measure in 1846 and 1847. It Failed

The Compromise of 1850

Slavery becomes outlawed in Washington D.C., California is admitted as a free state, and Utah and New Mexico will determine whether slavery is allowed through popular sovereignty. Also, the Fugitive Slave Law is passed.

Black Codes

Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves

Ku Klux Klan

a secret society of white Southerners in the United States, Organization formed by ex-Confederates in opposition to Reconstruction that terrorize African-Americans and their supporters. Resulted in the Force Acts, and it displayed the Southern feeling of resentment.

Bleeding Kansas

Was a sequence of violent events involving Free-States and pro-slavery "Border Ruffians" elementsmthat took place in Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri between roughly 1854 and 1858 attempting to influence whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free or slave state

John Brown

abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)

15th amendment

citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude