AP2 Respiratory Mod 4

Peripheral chemoreceptors that regulate breathing are located in the____. A. carotid artery and aorta B. coronary sinus and alveoli C. brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava D. cerebellum and pons

A. carotid artery and aorta

Which condition would make it difficult for a person to exhale? A. decreased elastance B. increased compliance C. decreased surfactant D. decreased airway resistance

A. decreased elastance

Most of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood is carried____. A. in the form of bicarbonate ions B. bound to albumin C. dissolved in plasma D. bound to hemoglobin

A. in the form of bicarbonate ions

The diaphragm contracts and flattens during the phase of respiration called____. A. inhalation B. transition point C. forced expiration D. expiration

A. inhalation

In the lungs: A. oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli. B. both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from the alveoli into the blood. C. carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood and oxygen diffuses into the alveoli. D. both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from the blood into the alveoli.

A. oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli.

A clinical deficiency in hemoglobin would severely impair ____. A. oxygen transport B. hydrogen ion production C. carbon dioxide transport D. carbonic anhydrase release

A. oxygen transport

The partition that separates the nasal cavities is called the____. A. septum B. mediastinum C. pleura D. sinus

A. septum

External gas exchange occurs by means of _____. A. simple diffusion B. active transport C. osmosis D. facilitated diffusion

A. simple diffusion

The amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs by maximum exhalation following maximum inhalation is the A. vital capacity B. total lung capacity C. residual volume D. expiratory reserve capacity

A. vital capacity

The bone that sits atop the thyroid cartilage is the_____ bone. A. cricoid B. hyoid C. clavicle D. manubrium

B. hyoid

The maxillary sinuses: A. encircle the eyeball medially B. are lateral to the nostrils C. are posterior to the nasal conchae D. are superior to the eyeball

B. are lateral to the nostrils

The pleural space is located A. in the nasal cavity B. between the layers of the membrane covering the lungs C. between neighboring alveoli D. between the ribs

B. between the layers of the membrane covering the lungs

The major stimulus for breathing is A. high venous CO2 B. high arterial CO2 C. high arterial H+ D. low arterial O2

B. high arterial CO2

The term pneumothorax refers to accumulation of air in the A. pericardial space B. pleural space C. alveoli D. bronchi

B. pleural space

External gas exchange occurs by means of _____. A. active transport B. simple diffusion C. osmosis D. facilitated diffusion

B. simple diffusion

Cartilage rings surround the A. nasal cavities B. trachea C. alveoli D. esophagus

B. trachea

The Adam's apple is formed by the A. cricoid cartilage B. hyoid bone C. thyroid cartilage D. glottis

C. thyroid cartilage

Which of the following statements reflects Boyle's Law ? A. The intercostal muscles are accessory muscles of respiration. B. CO2 + H2O ⇔ H2CO3 ⇔ H+ + HCO3- C. If volume decreases, pressure increases. D. AVR = tidal volume - dead space x respiratory rate

C. If volume decreases, pressure increases.

At the transition point between breaths, the amount of air in your lungs is called the A. inspiratory capacity B. expiratory reserve volume C. functional residual capacity D. tidal volume

C. functional residual capacity

Most of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood is carried____. A. bound to hemoglobin B. bound to albumin C. in the form of bicarbonate ions D. dissolved in plasma

C. in the form of bicarbonate ions

A clinical deficiency in hemoglobin would severely impair ____. A. carbon dioxide transport B. carbonic anhydrase release C. oxygen transport D. hydrogen ion production

C. oxygen transport

Which of the following measures the rate of airflow? A. total lung capacity B. AVR C. tidal volume D. FEV1

D. FEV1 (forced expiratory volume 1 sec)

In the lungs: A. both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from the alveoli into the blood. B. both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from the blood into the alveoli. C. carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood and oxygen diffuses into the alveoli. D. oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli.

D. oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli.

Which of the following characteristics does NOT apply to the tissue that lines the trachea? A. columnar B. epithelial C. pseudostratified D. squamous

D. squamous

The function of surfactant is to: a. prevent each alveolus from collapsing as air moves in and out during respiration. b. transport carbon dioxide from the blood to the air. c. transport oxygen from the air to the blood. d. trap foreign particles as they enter the bronchial tree.

a. prevent each alveolus from collapsing as air moves in and out during respiration.

Carbon dioxide is carried in three forms in the blood. Ranking them from greatest to least amount carried, the sequence would be: a. dissolved in the plasma, carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate ion. b. bicarbonate ion, carbaminohemoglobin, and dissolved in plasma. c. carbaminohemoglobin, bicarbonate ion, and dissolved in plasma. d. bicarbonate ion, dissolved in plasma, and carbaminohemoglobin.

b. bicarbonate ion, carbaminohemoglobin, and dissolved in plasma.

Each hemoglobin molecule can carry how many oxygen molecules? a. Eight b. Two c. Four d. One

c. Four

To calculate______, multiply (tidal volume-dead space) × respiration rate. A. pulmonary ventilation rate B. residual volume C. forced vital capacity D. alveolar ventilation rate

D. alveolar ventilation rate

Peripheral chemoreceptors that regulate breathing are located in the____. A. cerebellum and pons B. coronary sinus and alveoli C. brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava D. carotid artery and aorta

D. carotid artery and aorta

The major stimulus for breathing is A. low arterial O2 B. high arterial H+ C. high venous CO2 D. high arterial CO2

D. high arterial CO2

Respiratory distress syndrome of the infant is a condition caused by A. mucus obstruction of bronchioles B. underdeveloped intercostal muscles C. blockage of nasal sinuses. D. inability of immature lungs to create surfactant

D. inability of immature lungs to create surfactant

The most superior portion of the pharynx is the ____. A. laryngopharynx B. septum C. oropharynx D. nasopharynx

D. nasopharynx

A drop in the body's production of carbonic anhydrase would: a. hinder the formation of carbonic acid. b. hinder the formation of oxyhemoglobin. c. hinder the formation of carbaminohemoglobin. d. do all of the above.

a. hinder the formation of carbonic acid.