APES Chapter 4
Which information is not found in climate diagrams?
Average annual humidity
What effect does the earth's rotation have on atmospheric circulation and ocean currents?
Coriolis effect causes prevailing winds- winds create ocean gyres, both redistribute heat
why do scientists use dominant plant growth forms to categorize terrestrial biomes
Similar plant growth forms are found in climates with similar temperatures and amounts of precipitation.
Name the 5 global processes that effect temperature and precipitation
Uneven heating of the earth, atmospheric convection currents, the rotation of the Earth, Earth's orbit around the sun on a titled axis, ocean currents
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is short term (seconds to 10 days), climate is long term (decades or more)
Which of the following processes is not characteristic of oceanic circulation (a) Counterclockwise gyres in the Northern Hemisphere (b) Slow thermohaline circulation of surface and deep ocean waters (c) Unequal heating of tropical versus polar ocean waters (d) El Niño-Southern Oscillation (e) Coriolis effect
a
Which of the following statements about temperate biomes is not correct? (a) Temperate biomes have average annual temperatures above 20°C. (b) Temperate rainforests receive the most precipitation, whereas cold deserts receive the least precipitation. (c) Temperate rainforests can be found in the northwestern United States. (d) Temperate seasonal forests are characterized by trees that lose their leaves. (e) Temperate shrublands are adapted to frequent fires.
a
Which of the following statements about tropical biomes is correct? (a) Tropical seasonal forests are characterized by evergreen trees. (b) Tropical rainforests have the highest precipitation due to the proximity of the ITCZ. (c) Savannas are characterized by the densest forests. (d) Tropical rainforests have the slowest rates of decomposition due to high rainfall. (e) Subtropical deserts have the highest species diversity.
b
which of the following best explains why polar regions are colder than tropical regions (a) Polar regions have lower albedo values. (b) Polar regions receive less solar energy per unit of surface area. (c) Tropical regions receive less direct sunlight throughout the year. (d) Sunlight travels through more atmosphere and loses more energy in tropical regions. (e) Tropical regions rotate at a faster speed than polar regions.
b
which of the following statements about rain shadows is correct (a) They occur on the western sides of mountain ranges in the Northern Hemisphere. (b) Air gains water vapor as it rises. (c) As air rises over a mountain range, water vapor condenses into precipitation.
c
Which of the following statements about aquatic biomes is correct? (a) They are characterized by dominant plant growth forms. (b) They can be categorized by temperature and precipitation. (c) Lakes contain littoral zones and intertidal zones. (d) Freshwater wetlands have emergent plants in their deepest areas, whereas ponds and lakes do not. (e) Coral reefs have the lowest diversity of species.
d
Which of the following statements about tundras and boreal forests is correct? (a) Both are characterized by slow plant growth, so there is little accumulation of organic matter. (b) Tundras are warmer than boreal forests. (c) Boreal forests have shorter growing seasons than tundras. (d) Plant growth in both biomes is limited by precipitation. (e) Boreal forests have larger dominant plant growth forms than tundras.
e
which of the following statements about patterns of temperature and precipitation is not correct: (a) The air in a Hadley cell rises where sunlight strikes Earth most directly. (b) The greatest amount of precipitation occurs at the intertropical convergence zone. (c) The air in a Hadley cell descends near 30° N and S, causing the formation of deserts. (d) The air of a polar cell rises near 60° latitude. (e) Along Earth's surface, the air of a Hadley cell moves away from the equator.
e
In which layer of the Earth's atmosphere does most weather occur
troposphere
