APES Chapter 8 Module

Drag the values on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Not all values will be used.

1. A population with an annual growth rate of 3% doubles roughly every 23 years. 2. A population with an annual growth rate of 4% doubles roughly every 18 years. 3. A population with an annual growth rate of 7% doubles roughly every 10 years. 4. A population that doubles in size every 14 years has a growth rate of 5 percent. 5. A population that doubles in size every 35 years has a growth rate of 2 percent.

Drag the group of nations on the left to its demographic characteristic described on the right. Terms may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

1. As a group, these nations have the lowest rates of population growth today. developed nations 2. The nations in this group have populations with many more people in the pre-reproductive age class than in the post-reproductive class. developing nations 3. These nations will experience the vast majority of population growth in the coming decades. developing nations 4. A high proportion of the nations in this group have total fertility rates below replacement level fertility. developed nations 5. Some nations in this group are in the transitional stage of the demographic transition model. developing nations 6. In general, women in these nations have higher access to education, employment, and contraception. developed nations 7. These nations account for only about 20% of the global human population. developed nations

The world population growth rate is currently approximately ________%.

1.2

In 2016, the population of the United States was approximately 325 million people, with an annual growth rate of approximately 0.7%. If the population of the U.S. were to continue to grow at this rate, what would be the approximate population size of the U.S. in the year 2216?

1.3 billion

If a population roughly doubles in the course of 50 years, its growth rate would be close to ________%.

1.4

The United Nations currently predicts that Earth will be home to almost ________ billion people by the year 2050.

10

Most of the oceanic islands contain very low population density. However, Nauru is an exception because considerable mining activity takes place here. What is the population density of this relatively isolated island nation?

1001-12,801 people per km2

If a country has a growth rate of 2%, how long will it take to double its population?

35 years

Excluding the far northern areas, most of this region has a population density of __________ people per square kilometer.

6-25

The current global human population is approximately ________.

7.3 billion

The richest one-fifth of the world's population possesses approximately ________ times the income of the poorest one-fifth, and the richest one-fifth uses over 86% of the world's resources.

80

Which statement most accurately describes the population control efforts in China?

A one-child policy enforced through taxation and penalties may have been too successful in controlling population growth.

Demographically speaking, the effects of AIDS are most significant because ________.

AIDS sickens and kills the youngest and most productive members of society

Which of the following contains the greatest population density?

Australia's east coast

If what happened in Madagascar holds true for other locations, which of the following will happen?

Bans on using mosquito nets for fishing will be tried, but will not be successful.

Which area on the map has the highest infant mortality rate?

C

Which area on the map is experiencing the highest population growth rate?

C

If predictions hold true, which two countries will be responsible for adding the most cars to the world's total by 2030?

China and India

The nations with the highest rate of contraceptive use (84%) are ________.

China and United Kingdom

________ is the world's most populous nation, home to ________ of the people living on Earth.

China; one-fifth

Which area on the map is experiencing a negative population growth rate?

D

Which area on the map has the highest population density?

E

Which of the following is most likely to have the highest concentration of permethrin?

Fish dried in the sun while sitting on a typical mosquito net.

Which was Thomas Malthus's argument?

He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then the population would come under check because of war, disease, and starvation.

Which of the following statements about Earth's carrying capacity for humans is true?

Humans have a carrying capacity like all other species, although we can develop technology to help us overcome some of the limits that we would otherwise face.

Which two statements are supported by the graph?

Increasing female secondary school enrollment is strongly associated with reduced fertility rates. Cambodia and Guatemala have similar fertility rates but differ in their secondary school enrollment rates.

What is the sex ratio in China because of the one child policy?

It is skewed toward more males causing a slowing in population growth.

A graph of world population growth over the past 500 years most closely resembled the letter ________.

J

_____ death rates and _____ infant mortality rates are due in large part to technological advances, improved sanitation, and better medical care in developed countries.

Lower, Lower

You work for the Department of Transportation in the United States. You are sent to the country that has done the most to encourage electric car use to learn how they did so. Where do you go?

Norway

You are an environmental toxicologist studying permethrin. Your research confirms what the EPA has said about this chemical. What did you find?

Permethrin is harmful to both fish and humans.

Which of the following effects on population accompanies the change from an agrarian economy to an industrial economy?

Population growth rate slows.

Which of the following is likely the most effective way to increase the use of mosquito nets for their intended purpose?

Sell fishing nets for a cheaper price.

Select Climate. Which of the following climates is NOT in the region with highest prevalence of HIV?

The highest prevalence of HIV can be found in all of these climates.

In 1900, there were approximately 1.75 billion humans on Earth; in 1950, there were approximately 2.3 billion; in the year 2025, approximately 8 billion people will inhabit the biosphere. In the period between 1900 and 2025, what has happened to the human population?

The intervals between population doublings are decreasing.

The colors of the bars on the graphs indicate the life stage of the people in that age class. What does it mean if a bar is colored red?

The people in that age class are past reproductive age.

Assuming that current trends continue, predict how the age structure of the Netherlands in 2034 will likely differ from that in 2014.

The proportion of the population made up of older adults (65+) will increase.

Which of these statements about the growth of the human population is true?

The rate at which the population has been growing has slowed in the past 50 years, but the human population is still getting larger.

Ignoring migration, the age structure diagram of a human population likely to maintain a relatively stable size will have what shape?

a rectangle tapering toward the top

In the Netherlands in 2014, people between the ages of 45 and 54 made up the largest percentage of the population. What factor is most likely to have caused this bulge in the age pyramid?

a surge in the birth rate after World War II ended in 1945

In 2014, how many 25- to 29-year-old women lived in Niger?

about 0.6 million

In the Netherlands in 2014, which age classes contained the largest number of people?

adults between 45 and 54

Why is the Russian population so heavily concentrated in the western part of the country?

all of the above

Where does most of the human population live in this region?

along waterways

Because of China's one child policy, its age structure in the next 40 to 50 years will look like __________.

an inverted pyramid

Which of the following was a factor in helping to reduce total fertility rate of developed countries in the recent past?

better medical care

Zero population growth occurs in a population when ________.

birth rate equals death rate, and there is no migration

You have developed a new way to keep mosquitoes away from sleeping people at night by dissipating the gas that attracts them. What gas did you focus on?

carbon dioxide

You are an automobile engineer focused on decreasing the amount of carbon dioxide produced per mile driven. What are you working on?

carbon intensity

Select Environmental Issues. Coastal pollution is most prevalent in areas that __________.

contain high population density

Most of the world population growth in the near future will be in ________.

developing countries

Besides contraception, what can humans do to control population growth's negative effects on the environment?

discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas

To limit the growth of the Zambian population, humanitarian aid agencies and organizations such as UNICEF are focusing on __________.

educating and empowering women

Who sets automobile efficiency standards in the United States?

federal government

Most of Russia has a population density of __________ people per square kilometer.

fewer than 6

Most of the Australia and Oceania region has a population density of __________ people per square kilometer.

fewer than 6

Studies have shown that family planning programs __________.

have been very effective at lowering TFR and population growth rates

Select Climate. Which of the following climates contains a significant portion of the Russian population?

humid continental (without dry season, cool summer)

Select HIV Prevalence. Where is HIV most common in this region?

in the south

Other than the west and southwest, where else in Russia do we find some appreciable population density?

in the southeast

According to the IPAT model, technology that enhances our acquisition of minerals, fossil fuels, timber, and ocean fish ________.

increases environmental impact

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to decrease in size will have what shape?

inverted pyramid

The Cornucopian view held by many economists suggests that resource depletion due to greater numbers of people ________.

is not a problem if new resources can be found to replace depleted ones

Replacement fertility is the TFR that _______.

keeps a population stable over time

According to the figure, Nigeria has a ________ population size than Canada, with a ________ median age and a ________ proportion of the population at postreproductive age.

larger; lower; smaller

Which climate contains the highest population density?

marine west coast (without a dry season and with warm to cool summers)

What is the population in Canada likely to experience soon?

more senior citizens

According to the graph, what type of relationship exists between a nation's total fertility rate and its female secondary school enrollment rate?

negative

Which of the following are the three principal effects of a human population that determine its impact on the environment (the IPAT model)?

population, affluence, technology

According to demographer Frank Notestein, nations that are __________ will tend to have high birth rates and death rates while nations that are __________ will tend to have low birth rates and death rates.

pre-industrialized; industrialized

Based on a comparison of the age-structure pyramids, which of the following would likely be a higher priority in the Netherlands than in Niger?

providing long-term care for the elderly

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to increase in size will have what shape?

pyramid

According to the demographic transition model of populations, over time __________.

rapid population growth is a short-term phenomenon between the drop in death rate and the drop in birth rate in a population

Why aren't more couples using birth control in Zambia? Birth control in Zambia __________.

requires travel that many families cannot afford.

What is the relationship between family income and family size? In general, as family income levels __________.

rise, families have fewer children

The value of "S" can be added to the IPAT model. What does it represent?

sensitivity of an ecosystem to human factors

Recent research suggests that ________ has/have contributed to the large drop in fertility rates in Brazil over the past several decades.

soap operas

In the demographic transition model, a country's highest population growth rate is likely to occur during ________.

stage 2, the transitional stage

Look at the age-structure pyramids. The numbers between the bars (in the middle of the graphs) serve as the y-axis. What do these numbers represent?

the age classes, in 5-year ranges

The term biocapacity refers to _______.

the amount of productive land and sea available to us

Declining population growth rates in developing countries can be partially attributed to ________.

the education of women

The number of children in a family in Zambia has largely been determined by __________.

the father

What do the bars on the graphs represent?

the number of males and females in each age group

At what stage is the U.S. in the demographic transition model?

the postindustrial stage

The figure depicts age structure diagrams of the global human population in 1970 and 2014. All of the following ________.

there were more people on the planet in 2014 than in 1970

Which two climates contain most of the human population in this region?

tropical/subtropical steppe and tropical savanna

When it comes to climate change, which of the following is the least desirable way to produce the electricity for electric vehicles?

using coal

The 2014 age-structure pyramid for Niger indicates that the population of Niger ________.

was increasing

Most of Russia's population is concentrated in the __________.

west