APES Lap 3 Quizlet

A family of five recently replaced its 5-gallon-per-minute showerheads with water-saving 2-gallon-per-minute showerheads. Each memeber of the family averages 8 minutes in the shower per day. In a 30-day period, how many fewer gallons of water will the family use the new showerheads?

3600

Waste from which of the following is an example of a nonpoint source of water pollution? A.) pesticide runoff from farm fields B.) leaking toxic waste landfill C.) sewage treatment plant D.) factory waste piped into a stream

A.) pesticide runoff from farm fields

Human wastewater entering into bodies of water can be dangerous because I. it causes a drop in the biological oxygen demand. II. it can lead to cultural eutrophication. III. the wastewater can carry pathogens.

I, II, and III

Step P: water is passed through a screen. Step Q: pathogenic organisms are killed by chlorination, UV, or ozone. Step R: suspended particles clump and settle out. Step S: a floccing agent, such as alum, is added to the water. The processes described above are steps in the purification and treatment of municipal wastewater. The steps are listed in random order. What is the correct order?

P S R Q

The graphs below show inputs of several different pollutants into the Chesapeake Bay from four major river systems. Which of the following strategies will best reduce eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay? Regulating the use of inorganic fertilizer in the Susquehanna River watershed Replacing permeable driving surfaces with impermeable driving surfaces in the Potomac River watershed Restoring forest ecosystems in the James River watershed Improving septic systems and wastewater treatment facilities in the Rappahannock River watershed

Regulating the use of inorganic fertilizer in the Susquehanna River watershed

Requires minimum safety standards for community water supplies

Safe water drinking act

The presence of fecal coliform bacteria in a sample of river water suggests which of the following? The pH of the river is very high. The water is contaminated with animal waste.The river is devoid of plant life. The dissolved oxygen level of the river is high. Fish caught from the river will be free of parasites.

The water is contaminated with animal waste.The river is devoid of plant life.

which of the following is not included in a water footprint

a waterfall in a recreational area

which of the following is a measure of the amount of suspended material in water a. Turbidity b. pHc. Alkalinity d. Salinitye. e. Trace-metal concentration

a. Turbidity

All of the following are commonly used to deal with the side effects of eutrophication in lakes EXCEPT applying herbicides to kill nuisance plants dredging out lakes to deepen them pumping oxygen into the lowest layers of water introducing insects that eat certain nuisance plants adding nitrates

adding nitrates

Which of the following inorganic substances is naturally occurring in rocks, soluble in groundwater, and toxic at low concentrations

arsenic

which of the following is a successful solution to the problem of fish mortality caused by dams

building fish ladders around the dam

benefits of artificial wetlands

can treat waste water, manage pollution/run off from a city, provide a recreational area

effects of ocean acidification

decay of shells of marine life, certain coral cannot survive

As urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwater supply is reduced due to increased evaporation and transpiration decreased surface runoff loss of recharge areaconfinement of aquifers capping of artesian wells

decreased surface runoff

which is the best example of a point source of water pollution

factory effluent

true/false: ocean currents are always rapid and powerful

false

which of the following displays eutrophication on a large scale

gulf of mexico

cause of ocean acidification

increased levels of H2CO3 in the atmosphere leads to a decreased ocean pH

in a river ecosystem, dissolved oxygen concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point source input of organic matter into the river. this effect is due to

increasing bacterial activity as organic matter decays

the use of tidal and wave energy as a renewable energy source involves converting __________ energy to electricity

kinetic

which of these is not a type of marine ecosystem

mountain stream

The major biological source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean comes from A) decomposition of organic sediments on the ocean floor B) metabolic processes of coral in reefs C) oxidation of sulfur by bacteria in ocean vent communities D) photosynthesis by phytoplankton E) respiration by zooplankton

photosynthesis by phytoplakton

which of the following is most likely to increase both nutrient levels and bacterial content of lake water

runoff from a nearby hog farm

Overuse of groundwater in coastal areas would most likely result in A) rise in the water table B) saltwater intrusion C) bacterial contamination of surface water D) decrease in eutrophication E) increase in stream flow

saltwater intrusion

Why did the DO after one week decrease as the amount of waste increased?

the carbon dioxide increased due to algal respiration

ocean temperatures are much more stable than temperatures on land. this is explained by:

the high heat capacity of water

which is true of sewage treatment plants in the United States

they are not designed to remove pharmaceutical chemicals from wastewater