APES Lap 3 Quizlet
A family of five recently replaced its 5-gallon-per-minute showerheads with water-saving 2-gallon-per-minute showerheads. Each memeber of the family averages 8 minutes in the shower per day. In a 30-day period, how many fewer gallons of water will the family use the new showerheads?
3600
Waste from which of the following is an example of a nonpoint source of water pollution? A.) pesticide runoff from farm fields B.) leaking toxic waste landfill C.) sewage treatment plant D.) factory waste piped into a stream
A.) pesticide runoff from farm fields
Human wastewater entering into bodies of water can be dangerous because I. it causes a drop in the biological oxygen demand. II. it can lead to cultural eutrophication. III. the wastewater can carry pathogens.
I, II, and III
Step P: water is passed through a screen. Step Q: pathogenic organisms are killed by chlorination, UV, or ozone. Step R: suspended particles clump and settle out. Step S: a floccing agent, such as alum, is added to the water. The processes described above are steps in the purification and treatment of municipal wastewater. The steps are listed in random order. What is the correct order?
P S R Q
The graphs below show inputs of several different pollutants into the Chesapeake Bay from four major river systems. Which of the following strategies will best reduce eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay? Regulating the use of inorganic fertilizer in the Susquehanna River watershed Replacing permeable driving surfaces with impermeable driving surfaces in the Potomac River watershed Restoring forest ecosystems in the James River watershed Improving septic systems and wastewater treatment facilities in the Rappahannock River watershed
Regulating the use of inorganic fertilizer in the Susquehanna River watershed
Requires minimum safety standards for community water supplies
Safe water drinking act
The presence of fecal coliform bacteria in a sample of river water suggests which of the following? The pH of the river is very high. The water is contaminated with animal waste.The river is devoid of plant life. The dissolved oxygen level of the river is high. Fish caught from the river will be free of parasites.
The water is contaminated with animal waste.The river is devoid of plant life.
which of the following is not included in a water footprint
a waterfall in a recreational area
which of the following is a measure of the amount of suspended material in water a. Turbidity b. pHc. Alkalinity d. Salinitye. e. Trace-metal concentration
a. Turbidity
All of the following are commonly used to deal with the side effects of eutrophication in lakes EXCEPT applying herbicides to kill nuisance plants dredging out lakes to deepen them pumping oxygen into the lowest layers of water introducing insects that eat certain nuisance plants adding nitrates
adding nitrates
Which of the following inorganic substances is naturally occurring in rocks, soluble in groundwater, and toxic at low concentrations
arsenic
which of the following is a successful solution to the problem of fish mortality caused by dams
building fish ladders around the dam
benefits of artificial wetlands
can treat waste water, manage pollution/run off from a city, provide a recreational area
effects of ocean acidification
decay of shells of marine life, certain coral cannot survive
As urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwater supply is reduced due to increased evaporation and transpiration decreased surface runoff loss of recharge areaconfinement of aquifers capping of artesian wells
decreased surface runoff
which is the best example of a point source of water pollution
factory effluent
true/false: ocean currents are always rapid and powerful
false
which of the following displays eutrophication on a large scale
gulf of mexico
cause of ocean acidification
increased levels of H2CO3 in the atmosphere leads to a decreased ocean pH
in a river ecosystem, dissolved oxygen concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point source input of organic matter into the river. this effect is due to
increasing bacterial activity as organic matter decays
the use of tidal and wave energy as a renewable energy source involves converting __________ energy to electricity
kinetic
which of these is not a type of marine ecosystem
mountain stream
The major biological source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean comes from A) decomposition of organic sediments on the ocean floor B) metabolic processes of coral in reefs C) oxidation of sulfur by bacteria in ocean vent communities D) photosynthesis by phytoplankton E) respiration by zooplankton
photosynthesis by phytoplakton
which of the following is most likely to increase both nutrient levels and bacterial content of lake water
runoff from a nearby hog farm
Overuse of groundwater in coastal areas would most likely result in A) rise in the water table B) saltwater intrusion C) bacterial contamination of surface water D) decrease in eutrophication E) increase in stream flow
saltwater intrusion
Why did the DO after one week decrease as the amount of waste increased?
the carbon dioxide increased due to algal respiration
ocean temperatures are much more stable than temperatures on land. this is explained by:
the high heat capacity of water
which is true of sewage treatment plants in the United States
they are not designed to remove pharmaceutical chemicals from wastewater
