APES Test 1
The idea of the Competitive Exclusion Principle was stolen by
Darwin
Short term nitrogen storage
Dead animals
A no oxygen zone in the ocean is called a.....
Dead zone
Turbidity
A measure of how clear water is
Nitrification
Ammonia / ammonium to nitrite then nitrite to nitrate
Intertidal Zone
Area between high/low tide
Climate Characteristics
Areas general pattern of atmospheric conditions over long periods of time
Long term nitrogen storage
Atmosphere
Coevolution Ex.
Bat hunting moth
Inter- means
Between
Taiga
Borrial forest (Pine forests)
"Amount of oxygen consumed" This rate of reaction can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time.
Cellular Respiration
This freshwater biome is characterized by fast-flowing water that can originate from underground springs or runoff, which carries sediment and organic material.
Freshwater wetlands
What does GPP stand for?
Gross primary productivity
Intra- means
Inside
Sandy Shores
Less diverse
Short term phosphorus storage
Living organisms
Rocky Shores
More diversity, places to hide
Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen from atmosphere -> organic compounds
Dentrification
Nitrogen to the atmosphere; nitrate and nitrite back into unsuable nitrogen (N2)
Commensalism
No benefit or harm
Estuaries are so productive due to an _______________ of sunlight
Overabundance
Long term phosphorus storage
Rocks and sediment
Trophic Cascade Ex. Wolves in State Park
Top predator controls all levels of ecosystems, including the geography
3 Types of grasslands
Tropical, Temperate, Tundra
Long term water storage
Underground
Which box represents a carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of time?
Vegetation
Specific Heat
Water resists heating up
In Mediterranean climate regions like portions of California, a wetter-than-normal winter often leads to greater severity of fires the following summer. This seeming paradox occurs because increased rain leads to
greater accumulation of chapparal biomass
Zooplankton
primary and secondary consumers
Long term carbon storage
Fossil fuels
This biome contains a nutrient-rich environment created by falling leaves and trapped organic materials from the large trees, and it provides the ecosystem service of filtering pollutants from water.
Freshwater wetlands
Phytoplankton
Primary producers for most aquatic food webs
A temperate grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3,480kilocalories/meter2/year and a net primary productivity of 2,000kilocalories/meter2/year. Which of the following is the approximate number of kilocalories/meter2/year available to herbivores in that biome?
200 kilocal/meters^2/year
Benthos Ex. Oysters, sea stars, claws, crabs, lobsters
Bottom dwellers
Generalsit example (Can eat anything)
Cockroaches
Zones in the ocean from top to bottom (3)
Euphotic, Bathyal, Abyssal
4 Types of Species
Native, non native, Indicator, *Ask Schosek for last one*
Specialists (Can't eat much)
Panda
Temperate Grassland Characteristics
Cold winters, hot and dry summers, tall grass prairies, short grass prairies, short grass
Short term water storage
Plants
Energy is transferred along food chains from one stage to the next. Which statement best explains how the energy is transferred?
Primary producer stores 10,000 kcal of energy, tertiary consumer will have 10 kcal of energy
Tropical Grassland Characteristics
Savanna, grazing animals
Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in....
Soil
Ammonification
Something dies and decays; ammonia aids in the manufacture of fertilizer
Result of the Competitive Exclusion Principle
Speciation/unknown common ancestor, species evolves
Nekton Ex. fish, turtles, whales
Strong swimmers
Weather Characteristics
Temp, precipitation, wind speed, cloud cover, hours of the day
Key factors in the distribution of organisms
Temperature Dissolved oxygen content Availability of food Availability of light and nutrients needed for photosynthesis
Biomes are based on...
Temperature and precipitation
Which of the following best describes soil in many tropical rain forests?
They are quickly depleted of nutrients when the forest is removed
Short term carbon storage
Trees