APES UNIT 1 MC
Which of the following best describes a terrestrial ecosystem that will have the highest net primary productivity?
warm temperatures, high rainfall, consistent sunlight
Based on the second law of thermodynamics, how much biomass of phytoplankton would be needed to produce 1 kilogram (kg) of large fish in this food web?
1,000
A temperate grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3,480kilocalories/meter2/year and a net primary productivity of 2,000kilocalories/meter2/year. Which of the following is the approximate number of kilocalories/meter2/year available to herbivores in that biome?
200
The energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis.
NPP
The majority of the nitrogen on Earth can be found in which of the following reservoirs?
The atmosphere
This biome contains a nutrient-rich environment created by falling leaves and trapped organic materials from the large trees, and it provides the ecosystem service of filtering pollutants from water.
freshwater wetlands
Based on the food web shown above, which of the following correctly describes the flow of energy through the trophic levels from producers to quaternary consumers?
Brittle brush, grasshopper
Which of the boxes represents a carbon source?
Burning of fossil fuels
The diagram above best illustrates major processes in which of the following biogeochemical cycles?
Phosphorus cycle
The total rate of photosynthesis in a given area.
GPP
This freshwater biome is characterized by fast-flowing water that can originate from underground springs or runoff, which carries sediment and organic material.
Rivers
Which of the following statements best supports the results from the study?
Sika deer outcompeted the white-tailed deer
Which of the following best identifies a key component of the hydrologic cycle that powers the movement of water and is missing from the diagram?
The sun
Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity?
Tropical rain forest
Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest primary productivity per unit area?
Tropical rain forest
Which of the following best describes an example of resource partitioning in an ecosystem?
Two different bird species feed from the same oak tree...
Based on the diagram, which of the following statements about the hydrologic cycle is true?
Water from the ocean evaporates and condenses
Which of the following smaller reservoirs of freshwater are missing from the diagram?
icecaps
Which trophic level has the least available energy in kilojoules in this food web?
killer whale
In reef ecosystems, corals often have microalgae living inside them. The algae supply the corals with nutrients, and the coral give shelter to the algae. Which of the following interactions best describes the relationship between the corals and the algae?
mutualism
Which of the following processes is illustrated by the downward arrows from the atmosphere that show the conversion of nitrogen gas into usable forms available to producers?
nitrogen fixation
Which of the following biogeochemical cycles includes the processes of buffering ocean pH and photosynthesis, as shown in the diagram?
the carbon cycle
Which of the following trophic levels represents a primary producer in an aquatic food chain?
Phytoplankton
Which of the following best describes what is represented by the arrows in the food web?
The flow of energy
Which of the following statements is best supported by the diagram of the phosphorus cycle?
The phosphorus absorbed by animal tissue...
Farmers in a suburban coastal town started using no-till agriculture, a practice that reduces soil erosion from their farmland. Use the image above to determine which of the following long-term effects no-till agriculture will have on the ecosystem surrounding the farmland.
There will be less algae growth in nearby oceans
Which box represents a carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of time?
vegetation
Energy is transferred along food chains from one stage to the next. Which statement best explains how the energy is transferred?
If primary producers store 10,000 kcal of energy...
Which of the following best describes the flow of energy in most terrestrial and near-surface marine ecosystems?
Producers use energy from the sun...
Which of the following describes the most likely change to terrestrial biomes resulting from warmer average global temperatures?
The global distribution of midlatitude...
Which of the following types of organisms are required to complete the nitrogen cycle, including the process of denitrification?
bacteria
This rate of reaction can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time.
cellular respiration
This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is Earth's most biologically diverse marine biome.
coral reefs