APES Unit 2 Progress check: MCQ

Which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulating?

Pollination, decomposition, and water purification

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service that would provide protection from a hurricane storm surge?

An intact coastal wetland

Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following islands would most likely have the highest number of species living on it?

An island 30 hectares in size that is 10 kilometers off the coast of the mainland

An island off the coast of Africa contains a larger percentage of specialist species than generalist species. Which of the following describes the most immediate effect if an invasive generalist species is introduced to the island?

As competition for resources increases, the population size of the island's specialist species will decrease.

Which of the following best describes the trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years?

Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years.

A team of ecologists are studying four different ecosystems with varying levels of biodiversity. The ecologists categorize the different levels of biodiversity for the four ecosystems as shown in the table below. Based on the information above, which ecosystem most likely experienced a recent population bottleneck?

Ecosystem A, because its low genetic diversity could have resulted from an event that reduced the variation in the gene pool.

A team of ecologists are studying four different ecosystems with varying levels of biodiversity. The ecologists categorize the different levels of biodiversity for the four ecosystems as shown in the table below. Based on the information above, which of the following best describes Ecosystem C?

Its low habitat diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has a low number of specialist species and few species that utilize large territories.

Reef fish inherit tolerance to warming oceans "In a rapidly changing climate, [...] adaptation to catch up over the longer term." Which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

Observed adjustments in the ecological tolerance of a species of reef fish is a result of epigenetic changes.

The image shows two different islands and the relative distance to the nearest mainland. Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following best predicts the effect of the introduction of an invasive species on Easter Island compared to Madagascar?

The native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources.

Which of the following best describes the change in Antarctic temperature from about 440,000 years ago to about 340,000 years ago?

The temperature increases by about 12°C and then decreases by about 12°C

Which of the following economic consequences to a provisioning ecosystem service will most likely result from increased global warming?

a.) The collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification

Salmon May Lose the Ability to Smell Danger as Carbon Emissions Rise "The ability to smell is critical for salmon.[...] aren't able to adequately process smells." Which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

Acidic water affects the salmon's ability to sense danger from attacking predators by their sense of smell.

Researchers in the Galápagos Islands measured the average beak size in a population of finches from 1976 to 1984, as shown in the graph below. Birds with smaller beaks are better suited for grasses and soft seeds, while birds with larger beaks are better suited for seeds and nuts. In years with less rainfall, there are fewer grasses to feed on and the finches rely more on seeds for food. In 1977, 1980, and 1982, there were droughts, and the area experienced significantly less rainfall than average. Which statement is best supported by the data in the graph?

B.) Finches with larger beaks were more likely to survive in 1980 because they were able to feed primarily on seeds and nuts during the drought.

Basking on the Brink: A river in India may be the last, best hope for one of the world's largest and most imperiled crocodilians. "Dead gharials began washing up on the banks [...] river will determine its future." Which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

C.) Anthropogenic disruptions to Earth's resources can have sudden and severe negative consequences to the health of native species, specifically those whose populations are already threatened.

A team of ecologists are studying four different ecosystems with varying levels of biodiversity. The ecologists categorize the different levels of biodiversity for the four ecosystems as shown in the table below. Based on the information above, which ecosystem would most likely recover the fastest from a natural disruption?

Ecosystem B

Which of the following best describes the pattern in the atmospheric CO2 concentration data over the past 200,000 years?

The concentration of CO2 fluctuated between 150ppm and 250ppm until recently, when the concentration rose exponentially.