APES unit 3 review

Exemplified by moss growing on a tree trunk in a forest

Commensalism

savanna biome

A grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.

The largest area of old growth forests in the US is located in

Alaska

What factors are used to classify a biome?

Average temperature and average precipitation

Is home to coniferous trees

Boreal Forest

Exemplified by starlings displacing bluebirds from nesting sites

Competition

Which of the following is the Earth's most diverse biome?

Coral Reefs

Organisms in this biome have adapted to conserve water

Desert

This biome contains plants that are adapted to prevent water loss due to the low average rainfall and high temperatures year-round

Desert

shrub land biome

Found along the California coast and the coast of the Mediterranean sea. Characterized by hot summers and mild, rainy winters. Dominated by fire-tolerant shrubs.

Which of the following best describes a symbiotic relationship?

Intestinal bacteria inhabit the gut of humans

Boreal forests tend to have a thick layer of organic material but the soil is poor in nutrients. What is the best explanation for this?

Low precipitation rates and cold temperatures slow decomposition

Exemplified by bees consuming nectar and carrying pollen from one flower to another

Mutualism

Parasitism

One organism benefits at the expense of the host

Exemplified by ticks feeding on a deer

Parasitism

The climatogram above might represent which location?

Perth, Australia

In a typical forest ecosystem, dead trees and fallen trees are most important because of their role in which of the following?

Providing habitats for wildlife

Which of the following best explains why the different warbler species can all have habitats in the same conifer trees?

Resource partitioning of the seeds reduces competition, and the five different species can live in the same tree

In the United States this area is called the grasslands or prairies

Savanna

This biome is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals

Savanna

The great grasslands of the world have which of the following primary characteristics in common?

Seasonal cycles of temperature and precipitation produce abundant vegetative growth

Which biome does the climatogram above represent?

Temperate Forest

Which of the following statements best explains why only a limited number of offspring can survive in a fish population?

The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings

This biome has the most endangered species

Tropical Rainforest

What biome has warm temperatures, high precipitation, and little seasonal variation due to its location near the equator?

Tropical Rainforest

The permafrost in this biome is melting faster today than any other time in history

Tundra

Country with the largest area of temperate deciduous forest

United States

desert biome

a biome characterized by low moisture levels and infrequent and unpredictable precipitation; daily and seasonal temperatures fluctuate widely; because of little rainfall that it supports only sparse and widely spaced vegetation or no vegetation at all

temperate grassland biome

a biome found in North America, Eurasia, South America and Africa. Characterized by nutrient-rich soil that supports many grass species, a region that has cold winters and rainfall that is intermediate between that of a forest and a desert; characterized by extensive grasses and few trees

Taiga (Boreal Forest) biome

biome just south of the tundra; it has long, cold winters ans small amounts of precipitation; characterized by a northern coniferous forest composed of pine, fir, hemlock, and spruce tree and acidic, mineral-poor topsoils, a cool forest biome of conifers in the upper Northern Hemisphere

In Mediterranean climate regions like portions of California, a wetter-than-normal winter often leads to greater severity of fires the following summer. This seeming paradox occurs because increased rain leads to

greater accumulation of chaparral biomass

niche

includes all the interactions with the biotic and abiotic parts of its habitat

Which is true about the climatogram above?

it represents a location in the southern hemisphere

tropical rainforest biome

most diverse and hottest terrestrial biome, biome near the equator with warm climate wet weather and lush plant growth

temperate rain forest biome

occurs in North America, Australia, and New Zealand; mostly located in the Pacific Northwest (a maritime biome); cool, humid weather; abundant rainfall; mosses, lichens, and ferns; dominated by evergreen trees (e.g. Douglas Fir, Sitka Spruce); cool winters, mild summers; located north of most other rain forests; maintains a moderate temperature year round

mutualism

symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit

Commensalism

symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited

Temperate Deciduous Forest biome

the biome characterized by warmer temperatures than the boreal forest and plenty of precipitation thats huge forests of broadleaf trees; covers regions in southeastern Canada, and eastern United States; biome humans live in

habitat

the place where an organism lives out its life

Tundra biome

treeless plains that are the coldest of all the biomes; occur in the arctic and Antarctica. Dominated by lichens, mosses, sedges, and dwarfed shrubs Characterized by extremely cold climate, permanently frozen ground (permafrost) low biotic diversity, simple vegetation structure, limitation of drainage, short season of growth and reproduction.