apes unit one laws and questions

Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act (FAWRA)

1937; provided funding for restoration of wild birds and mammals and to acquire, develop, and manage their habitats

Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

1947; provides federal regulation of pesticide distribution, sale, and use

National Environmental Policy Act

1969 (LOL 69); promotes enhancement of environment and established council on environmental quality

Occupational Health and Safety Act

1970; primary law that governs safety and health of those in the private sector and gov.

Consumer Product Safety Act

1972; established agency, Consumer Product Safety Commission, that is authorized to develop standards and bans

Federal Environmental Policy Act

1972; established broad national framework for protecting environment- assures that all branches of gov. will properly care for environment

Lead Based Paint Poisoning Act

1973; makes supplemental appropriations to carry out prevention programs

Toxic Control Substances Act

1976; regulated the introduction of new and or already existing chemicals

environmental world view

part of and dependent on nature nature exists for all species encourages earth-sustaining forms of economic growth and development and discourages earth degrading forms our success depends on learning how life on earth sustains itself and integrating such environmental wisdom into the ways we think and act

developed countries

a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure

economic growth vs economic development

economic growth provides goods and services while economic development has the goal of using economic growth to improve standards of life

solar capital

energy from the sun

non-renewable resource

exist in a fixed quantity, or stock, on earth

natural services

functions of nature such as purification of air and water, renewal of topsoil, pollination etc.

exponential growth

growth that increases at a constant rate per time (think of the parent graph function)

sustainable yield

highest rate at which a potentially renewable resource can be used without reducing its available supply throughout the world or in a particular area

natural capital degradation

human activities that degrade the natural capital by using renewable resources faster than we can renew them

environment

includes all living and nonliving things (all biotic and abiotic factors) and their relationships with themselves and the world

characteristics of developed countries

industrialized education employment healthcare available (for now lol) technologically advanced

describe two basic ways that economic growth can be accomplished

infrastructure spending ex. roads, bridges etc. and ???

environmental science

interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the environment of living and nonliving things ex: ecology, biology, geology, chemistry

natural resources

materials and energy in nature that are useful to humans

natural capital

natural resources and natural services that keep us and other life forms alive

per capita GDP

GDP divided by the total population midyear, which is the economic growth of each person

five basic causes (even there are plenTY MORE!!!) of environmental problems faced today

population growth; lack of birth control; lack of women's rights poverty waste/depletion of resources politics!!1!!1!!!!111!!!1111!! also bc humans are stupid selfish creatures!! yay go LL

in what ways does poverty and affluence affect the environment?

the difficulty in meeting community needs for impoverished areas leads to pressure on land, deforestation, and over exploitation of soil the affluent have high levels of consumption and waste resources a LOT

describe what is meant by the phrase "an environmentally sustainable society" as related to the human population?

the human population must meet the current as well as future needs in order to be called and classified as an environmentally sustainable society

conservation

the management of natural resources with the goal of minimizing waste of resources and sustaining resource supplies for today and the future

sustainability revolution

!!! pretty vague question but kind of self explanatory ish ???

environmentalism

a social movement dedicated to protecting the earth's life-support systems for all forms of life

explain the problems we face by not including the harmful environmental costs in the prices of goods and services

-consumers are not aware of them and can't evaluate the harmful effects on the earth and their own health -governments give companies subsidies to assist them in using resources to run their businesses, but degrades the natural capital

Homestead Act

1862; any law abiding citizen could claim 160 of surveyed government land with the intention of improving upon it (raising cattle, building a farm etc.)

Public Health Service Act

1912; authorized investigations into human diseases (tuberculosis, malaria, hookworm etc.)

developing countries

a country mainly based on agriculture that has little to no technological infrastructure

per capita GDP PPP

a measure of the amount of goods and services that a country's average citizen would buy

why has each culture change led to more environmental degradation?

allowing the human population to increase because of increased food supplies, longer life spans, increasing our ecological footprints

characteristics of developing countries

based on agriculture low literacy rates high level of debt lack access to healthcare not a high level of technology

renewable resource

can be replenished fairly quickly through natural processes as long as it's not used up faster than it can be renewed

environmental degradation

deterioration of environment through depletion of resources ex: pollution, habitat destruction, ozone layer depletion, land fills, deforestation, extinction of wildlife, etc.

explain the difference between the footprint of a developing and developed country

developed countries have huge ecological footprints, such as the US (9.7 hectares per person) and the European Union (4.7 hectares per person) in 2003, the US ecological footprint was 12 times larger than low income countries

planetary management world view

separate from nature nature exists mainly to meet our needs and increasing wants humans can manage the earth's life-support systems mostly for our benefit

sustainability

the ability of the earth's different natural systems and human cultural systems and economics to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely

ecological footprint

the amount biologically productive land and water needed to supply people in a particular region with resources and to absorb and recycle the wastes and pollution by such use

gross domestic product (GDP)

the annual market value of all goods and services produced by all firms and organizations, foreign and domestic, operating WITHIN a country

stewardship world view

we can/should manage the earth for our benefit with ethical responsibility to be caring and responsible managers of the earth encourage environmentally beneficial forms of economic growth and development and discourage the harmful

poverty

when people are unable to meet basic needs for food, water, shelter and education

culture and the three major cultural changes

whole of society society's knowledge, beliefs, technology, and practices 1. agricultural revolution 2. industrial revolution (including medicine) 3. globalization and information revolution