Appendicular Skeletal System (1): Pectoral Girdle & Upper Limb
What is the small medial projection to which ligaments of the wrist are attached?
styloid process
What does the pectoral girdle consist of?
- 2x clavices - 2x scapulae
How many phalanges do each finger consist of? Name them (excluding the thumb).
- 3 - proximal - middle - distal
What does the skeleton of the hand consist of?
- Carpal bones - Metacarpals - Phalanges
Describe the anatomy of the carpal bone
- Consist of 8 small bones - which are arranged in 2 transverse rows - of four bones each
What does the upper limb consist of?
- Humerus - ulna - radius - carpal bones - metacarpals - phalanges
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
- pectoral girdle and bones of the upper limb - pelvic girdle and bones of the lower limb
What does the clavicle articulate with?
- the acromion of a scapula laterally - with the sternum medially
Describe the two condyles present at the distal end of the humerus
1. Trochlea = medial condyle. Articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna 2. Capitulumn= lateral condyle. Articulates with the head of the radius
Metacarpals consist of how many bones?
5 (I - V)
What is present on the anterior surface between the epicondyle?
A depression known as coronoid fossa
Where do the muscles attach on the humerus?
At the two large tubercules
What does the distal end of the radius articulate with?
Carpal bones
Where do the deltoids attach on the humerus?
Deltoid tuberosity
The ulna articulating with the radius forms what joint?
Elbow
What is a epicondyle?
Enlargements that project laterally and medially
Describe the scrapulae bone
Flat, triangular bones located on each side of the vertebral column
What part of the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus?
Glenoid cavity
Name the two large tubercules present inferiorly to the humerus head
Greater and lesser tubercule
What is proximal to the condyles of the humerus?
Lateral and medial epicondyle
What are the small bones in the carpal bone joined by to allow limited gliding movement?
Ligaments
What is present on the posterior surface between the epicondyles?
Olecranon fossa
Metacarpals are bone of what surface of the hand?
Palm
Bone of the fingers are called what?
Phalanges
Where does the bicep brachii attach?
Radial tubercosity
What is the coronoid fossa function?
Recieves the coronoid process of the ulna whenever upper limb is flexed at the elbow
What is the function of the Olecranon fossa?
Recieves the olecranon of the ulna when the upper limb is extended at the elbow
What is a condyle?
Round prominence at the end of a bone
Describe the position of the scapular spine.
Runs diagonally across the posterior surface from acromion to the medial margin
The humerus articulating with the scapula forms what joint?
Shoulder
What lies between the greater and lesser tubercule?
The intertubercular sulcus
What is the radius?
The lateral bone of the forearm
What is the Ulna?
The medial bone of the forearm
What does the distal end of the ulna articulate with?
The medial surface of the radius and the wrist bones
What is present at the distal end of the humerus
Two condyles
What does the proximal end of the ulna form?
What does the proximal end of the ulna form?
Carpal bone is also known as...
Wrist bone