APUSH: Chap 9-12

Which concept promoted by the Second Great Awakening reinforced its push for societal reforms?

Free moral agency

Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote about which of the following in his essays and lectures?

He argued that people should reject old conventions and discover their original relation with nature

How did Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina's claimed right of nullification in 1832?

He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress any act of nullification

How did Thomas Jefferson respond to the development of American manufacturing by the 1820's?

He praised industrialization and expressed pride in American progress in manufacturing

Most of the new state constitutions written between 1830 and 1860 did which of the following?

Reapportioned state legislatures on the basis of population

Through which of the following movements did evangelical reformers succeed in effecting substantial legal and cultural transformations in early nineteenth-century America?

Temperance

Roman Catholic immigration into the United States in the 1840's had which of the following effects?

Protestants' rejection of their new Catholic coworkers undercut trade unionism

Through which of the following sources did the US Treasury raise most of its revenue during the first half of the 1800s?

Tariffs on imported goods

The public movement for women's rights developed out of which of the following sources in the 1840s?

The Second Great Awakening

Which of the following describes the nineteenth-century Shakers?

They allowed both women and men to govern their communities

Why are the Oneidians, Shakers, and Fourierists historically significant?

They articulated criticisms of the class divisions created by the market economy

Which of the following was a result of the Turner Rebellion of the 1830s?

Tougher slave codes and restrictions were implemented

As president, John Quincy Adams supported which of the following policies?

A national bank to promote a uniform currency and to control credit

President Martin Van Buren responded to the Panic of 1837 by

Adopting a hands-off, limited government stance

Which of the following was an outcome of the American Industrial Revolution in the early nineteenth century?

American businesses soon dominated in many European markets

Which American principle played a critical role in advancing technology in the early days of the American Industrial Revolution

American ingenuity

What did Alexis de Tocqueville mean when he used the term individualism to describe American society in 1835?

Americans lived in social isolation, without any ties to caste, class, association, or family

Which of the these statements describes the planter aristocrats who lived in the cotton-growing regions of the South in the mid-nineteenth century?

Aristocratic planters took the lead in defending slavery as a benevolent social system

Which of these factors was the critical stimulus for the growth of domestic American markets in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Better transportation networks

Which of the following statements describes the impact of the Jacksonian-era constitutional revolution of the states?

Between 1830 and 1860, twenty states revised their charters and enhanced democracy

How did middle-class reformers attempt to overcome disorder and lawlessness among urban wage earners in early nineteenth-century

By forming regional and national organizations to institutionalize charity and combat crime systematically

How did the federal government aid the growth of American industry in the first half of the nineteenth century?

By passing protective tariffs

Andrew Jackson and his supported won the election in 1828 in part by

Calling themselves Democrats to portray a more egalitarian image

In 1834, the Working Men's Party persuaded the Pennsylvania legislature to do which of the following?

Create a free, tax-supported public school system

In 1835, Alexis de Tocqueville wrote, "It is a constant fact that to the present day the ablest men in the United States are rarely placed at the head of affairs". To what did he attribute this phenomenon?

Democracy

Who replaced the Lowell Mill workers when they refused int he 1830s to work until conditions improved?

Irish immigrants

Which of the following describes the new industrial system that developed in early nineteenth-century America?

It brought workers together under one roof in a factory

Which of the following describes the Fourierist movement in America?

It demonstrated the difficulty of creating enduring Utopian communities

The construction of the Erie Canal, the first great engineering project in American history, was successful for which of the following reasons?

It increased the speed of shipping and travel while greatly lowering the costs

Why was the South on the cutting edge of the Market Revolution by 1840?

It produced and exported over 2/3s of the world's cotton supply

Which of the following statements describes Jackson's veto of the bill rechartering the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?

It was a popular move, blending constitutional arguments, an appeal to patriotism and class rhetoric

Which of the following describes the purpose of Henry David Thoreau's book Walden?

It was written to document Walden's spiritual search for meaning beyond he artificiality of "civilized" society

Which of the following statements describes the American Waltham plan, which was later known as the Lowell system?

Its creators recruited farm girls and women to work in factories

How did President Andrew Jackson change the federal system of office holding?

Jackson introduced the principle of rotation in office to discourage long tenure

Which of the following statements characterizes Andrew Jackson's intentions toward Native Americans during his presidency?

Jackson meant to remove all Native Americans east of the Mississippi, even those who had adapted to white society

Efforts by women reformers to regulate sexual behavior resulted in laws in Massachusetts and New York that did which of the following?

Made seduction of women a crime

In which of the following ways was Chief Justice Roger Taney different from his predecessor, John Marshall?

Marshall was nationally oriented while Taney favored states rights

Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of anti-immigrant sentiment in American cities in the mid-nineteenth century?

Minstrel shows

Which of the following contributed to the harassment and persecution of Mormons at Nauvoo in the early 1840s?

Mormons' power as a voting bloc in local elections

Which of the following characterizes patterns of immigration into the United States during the 1840s and 1850s?

Most of the Irish who arrived in the US were poverty-striken peasants

In the 1824 U.S. Supreme Court case Gibbons v. Ogden, the Marshall Court's decision

Overturned New York law that granted a monopoly on steamboat travel into New York City

The power of elected officials to grant government jobs to party members in return for their loyalty is known as which of the following systems?

Patronage

What aspects of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as contrary to republican ideals?

Political parties

The American Lyceum movement of the 1830s engaged in which of the following efforts?

Promoting the spread of knowledge through public lectures

Which of the following were the three key elements of Clay's American system?

Protective tariff, subsidized internal improvements, and the national bank

In its campaign to end slavery, the American Anti-Slavery Society embraced which of the following tactics?

Sponsoring public lectures and collecting signatures on antislavery petitions

Why did Harriet Beecher Stowe pen her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was published in 1852?

Stowe sought to depict slavery as degrading to slave women

During the 1840s, American women's rights activists focused on which of the following goals?

Strengthening the legal rights of married women

Which of the following developments spurred the Panic of 1837?

The Bank of England curtailed British investment in the United States

What did the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution specify should be done in an election like the election of 1824, in which no presidential candidate received a majority of the electoral votes?

The House of Representatives decides the outcome

Which of the following statements characterizes the presidential campaign of 1840?

The Whigs' campaign was a carnival of speeches, parades, and pass meetings to demonstrate the man of the people qualities of their presidential candidates

The construction of the Erie Canal had which of the following negative consequences?

The construction of the canal and its heavy use altered the ecology of the entire region

What was the gag rule passed by the House of Representatives in 1836?

The policy automatically tabled and prevented discussion of any antislavery petitions received by the House

Which of the following statements characterizes the American party system by the early 1840s?

The practice of Americans voting for a particular party along ethnic and religious lines began to emerge

Which of the following was the message of Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, published in full in 1818?

The suggestion that an industrious man could become wealthy

Which of the following factors explained the rapid growth of western cities such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati and New Orleans?

Their role in transportation networks

Which of the following describes the residents of the Brook Farm community of the 1840s?

They wanted to combine farming with study and lively intellectual life

Why did Congress approve funds for the construction of the National Road in 1806?

To link midwestern settlers to the seaboard states

What was the purpose of the Female Moral Reform Society, which middle-class New York women founded in 1834?

To provide moral guidance for young, working women who were living away from their families

Why did many northern wage earners not support abolition in the mid-eighteenth century?

Wageworkers feared that freed blacks would work for lower wages and compete for jobs

How did women participate in the abolition movement in the mid-eighteenth century?

Women abolitionists established influential groups such as the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society

John C. Calhoun challenged the northern Whig economic ideology by arguing

the advanced civilizations always had antagonism between workers and capitalists