APUSH chapter 13
1. John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry A) increased Southern fears of Northern hostility B) was praised by most Northerners C) had little effect on sectional tensions D) was intended as a statement against the U.S. government E) resulted in the resignation of James Buchanan
A
18. The U.S. government precipitated a crisis with Mexico by A) deploying an army in a disputed border area B) rejecting the application by Texas for annexation C) attacking the Mexican town of Monterrey D) sending federal troops to seize New Mexico E) encouraging Indian attacks on Mexico
A
20. In the 1820s, the Mexican government invited American traders to New Mexico primarily to A) speed up the development of New Mexico B) open a trade route with the United States C) have an outlet for its excess trade goods D) promote harmony between Mexico and the United States E) extend slavery into northern Mexico
A
33. The application for California statehood caused turmoil in Congress because A) it would upset the balance between the slave and free states in the Senate B) it would disturb the balance in the House between those who favored slavery and those who opposed it C) Democrats would allow no more slave states into the Union D) Whigs would allow no more free states into the Union E) Republicans were suspected of using the issue to gain the favor of voters
A
38. The man most responsible for getting the Compromise of 1850 through Congress was A) Stephen A. Douglas B) William H. Seward C) Jefferson Davis D) Henry Clay E) John C. Calhoun
A
7. Just before Texas became a U.S. state in 1845, Texas was A) an independent nation B) part of Mexico C) a free-labor territory D) a U.S. territory E) a jointly occupied area claimed by Mexico and England
A. an independent nation
15. The main issue in James K. Polk's 1844 presidential campaign was his commitment to A) increasing the tariff B) territorial expansion of the United States C) reducing the cost of Western land D) rechartering the Bank of the United States E) resolving sectional differences
B
19. From the 1820s to 1840s, Americans became involved in trade with New Mexico by traveling along the A) Butterfield Overland Trail B) Santa Fe Trail C) Old Spanish Trail D) Mormon Trail E) Independence Trail
B
22. In Congress, most of the criticism of the Mexican War came from the A) Democrats B) Whigs C) Federalists D) Republicans E) States' Rightists
B
23. The able commanding general of the United States' forces in the Mexican War was A) Zachary Taylor B) Winfield Scott C) A. W. Domphan D) Ulysses S. Grant E) Stephen Kearny
B
30. The California Gold Rush resulted in all of the following developments except A) the influx of over 200,000 people into the region B) the kidnapping of thousands of Chinese to serve as workers C) the forcing of thousands of Indians to serve as indentured laborers D) the pressuring of the federal government to create an effective government for the area E) the spreading of publicity throughout the world
B
25. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo included all the following provisions except A) Mexico ceding New Mexico to the United States B) Mexico acknowledging the Rio Grande as the border C) the United States agreeing to pay Mexico $15 million D) the United States retaining transit rights across Mexico E) Mexico ceding California to the United States
D
17. In 1846, the United States signed a treaty dividing the Oregon territory along the 49th parallel with A) Russia B) France C) Spain D) Great Britain E) Canada
D
47. The turmoil over the Kansas-Nebraska Act led to the creation of the A) Free Soil party B) Republican party C) Democratic party D) Whig party E) Know-Nothing party
b
11. Most migrants traveled to the West Coast by A) clipper ship B) stage coach C) rail line D) covered wagon E) horseback
d. covered wagon
40. In the early 1850s, the Northern response to the Fugitive Slave Act included all of the following actions except A) states banned Southern travelers from visiting Northern cities B) mobs freed runaway slaves held by federal authorities C) states passed laws making it difficult to enforce the federal statute D) one state court declared void the federal statute E) citizens expressed ardent dissatisfaction with the law
A
41. Because of the "Young America" movement, the United States considered annexing parts of A) Cuba B) Russia C) Mexico D) Panama E) Brazil
A
43. Renewed sectional conflict in 1854 was triggered by the question of A) building a transcontinental railroad B) acquiring the territory of Cuba C) admitting New Mexico as a free state D) admitting Oregon as a slave state E) adding California as a state
A
45. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 contained all of the following provisions except A) declaring the Wilmot Proviso void B) creating two new federal territories C) repealing the antislavery provision of the Missouri Compromise D) allowing some territorial legislatures to decide the slavery issue for themselves E) creating popular sovereignty as a method of compromise
A
50. The "Crime against Kansas" speech resulted in the A) Sumner-Brooks affair B) Pottawatomie massacre C) sack of Lawrence D) John Brown raid E) Wilmot Proviso
A
54. During the election of 1856, the major candidates included A) James Buchanan B) Stephen Douglas C) James Polk D) Abraham Lincoln E) Franklin Pierce
A
3. Almost all of the supporters of Manifest Destiny agreed that A) Americans had a God-given right to expand their superior civilization into new territory B) the "empire of liberty" should extend into Canada and Mexico C) the United States could use force to achieve this expansion D) expansion should serve the economic interests of Americans E) the United States should annex large sections of Mexico
A. Americans had a god-given right to expand their superior civilaztion into new territory
4. The initial migration of American settlers to Texas was encouraged by the A) Mexican government B) Catholic church C) American government D) American Colonization Society E) Liberty party
A. Mexican gov
10. The second wave of permanent American settlers in Oregon were mainly A) missionaries B) gold prospectors C) fur traders D) cattle ranchers E) land speculators
A. Missionaries
32. President Zachary Taylor favored the A) exclusion of slavery from all the lands acquired from Mexico B) swift admission of new states from the Mexican Cession, with the issue of slavery decided by the local inhabitants C) gradual admission of new states from the Mexican Cession, after giving Southerners a chance to move into the area D) creation of only slave states in all the lands acquired from Mexico E) exclusion of Nebraska and Kansas from statehood
B
35. The 1850 legislation that aimed at resolving all the sectional issues in one compromise package was introduced by A) John C. Calhoun B) Henry Clay C) Daniel Webster D) Abraham Lincoln E) Zachary Taylor
B
39. In the election of 1852, the Whig party lost the chance for victory when it split over the issue of A) temperance B) slavery C) tariffs D) territorial expansion E) the Mexican War
B
46. The first political party to disintegrate over the issue of slavery was the A) Federalist B) Whig C) Free-Soil D) Democratic E) Republican
B
48. Popular sovereignty failed in Kansas because of A) voter apathy B) illegal voting by Missouri residents C) the failure to clearly identify the key issues D) a lack of regional interest in slavery E) voter fraud by Free Soil elements
B
52. During the late 1850s, the Free Laborites of the North came to believe in all of the following ideas except A) the perfect society was one of small-scale capitalism that allowed everyone a chance at upward mobility B) slavery was such a moral evil that it must be abolished quickly C) Southern society was so backward that it constituted a threat to democracy and individualism D) the South was engaged in a conspiracy to extend slavery throughout the nation E) the existence of slavery endangered the rights of whites to own property
B
59. In the late 1850s, Abraham Lincoln argued that slavery should be A) protected in the slave states and in all territories B) allowed to continue in the slave states, but prohibited in all territories C) gradually abolished everywhere, with a definite timetable and compensation for the owners D) immediately abolished throughout the nation E) regarded as a necessary evil in the West
B
12. The westward journey to the West Coast in the 1840s could be characterized as A) relatively easy and safe B) dangerous and strenuous C) disease free and relatively short D) dangerous because of Indian attack E) unsuccessful at reaching the West
B. Dangerous and strenuous
The main reason for the Texas Revolution was A) Mexico was determined to drive all Americans out of Texas B) Mexico had become a dictatorship C) failure of James Polk to pursue expansion D) the United States' desire to gain control of the territory of Mexico E) the Texans' desire to overthrow the government of Mexico
B. Mexico had become a dicatorship
Despite earlier efforts to settle the issue, the slavery question became a major issue in the 1840s and 1850s because the
B. Nation Was Expanding West
14. Martin Van Buren lost the 1844 Democratic party nomination for president because A) many Democrats decided that he could not beat Henry Clay B) he did not favor the immediate annexation of Texas C) he was mistrusted by northern Democrats D) he believed that the United States should risk war with Great Britain to get Oregon E) many Democrats were not willing to risk war with Mexico to annex Texas
B. he did not favor the immediate annexation of texas
16. The United States annexed Texas during the presidency of A) Andrew Jackson B) Martin Van Buren C) John Tyler D) James K. Polk E) Franklin Pierce
C
31. In 1849 and 1850, Congress was thrown into turmoil by the statehood application of A) Texas B) Kansas C) California D) New Mexico E) Nebraska
C
37. The Compromise of 1850 A) passed easily with the endorsement of Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and Daniel Webster B) finally became law only after President Taylor endorsed it C) became law after Senator Douglas maneuvered it through Congress D) failed to pass because of the opposition of powerful senators E) succeeded at eliminating sectional enmity
C
42. In the Ostend Manifesto, American diplomats called for American A) support of the Hungarian Revolution against Austria B) diplomatic relations and trade with Japan C) annexation of Cuba, by force if necessary D) annexation of the kingdom of Hawaii E) rejecting of the Wilmot Proviso
C
44. Stephen Douglas's intention in introducing the Kansas-Nebraska bill seems to have been to A) strengthen his chances for reelection to the Senate B) permanently settle the conflict over slavery in the territories C) promote the construction of a Midwestern transcontinental railroad D) win national attention as the basis for a future presidential campaign E) express his support for the new Republican party
C
53. From the 1830s onward, the general position of white Southerners on the issue of slavery A) became more flexible as abolitionist arguments gained followers in the South B) turned gradually in the direction of eventual emancipation C) became increasingly sensitive and rigid in defense of the slave labor system D) remained about the same as it had been in earlier decades E) caused riots in many Southern cities
C
57. When the question of Kansas reached Congress in 1857 and 1858, the Democratic president urged that A) the territory hold new elections because of the evident fraud in earlier votes B) Congress accept the free-state legislature of Topeka as the valid one C) Congress admit the state to the Union under the proslavery Lecompton constitution D) military officials arrange a ceasefire between the two sides in the dispute E) the territory should merge with Nebraska as a free-labor state
C
64. During the 1850s, A) politicians continued to ignore the issue of slavery B) Americans were uplifted by the peaceful entry of Kansas to the Union C) compromises regarding slavery gave way to bitter divisiveness D) the Republican party declined in popularity in the North E) presidential performance was strong and decisive
C
26. During the 1840s, President James K. Polk antagonized sectional interests by A) raising tariffs B) vetoing internal improvement bills C) proposing the abolition of slavery in the territories D) appearing to treat Texas as more important than Oregon E) instigating war with Mexico
D
34. The provisions of the Compromise of 1850 included A) abolishing fugitive slave laws B) admitting California as a slave state C) prohibiting slavery in New Mexico territory D) abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia E) ending slavery in all new territories
D
49. "Bleeding Kansas" gained its reputation for violence because of the A) U.S. Army's vicious tactics while driving the Indians out of the territory B) general lawlessness of cowtowns like Dodge City and Abilene C) actions of various bandit gangs that roamed the territory before the arrival of federal marshals D) sporadic warfare between settlers on opposing sides in the battle over the slavery issue E) fierce Indian raids on new settlements of whites
D
51. In 1856, the U.S. Representative Preston Brooks, infuriated by an insulting speech directed against his uncle, beat with his cane U.S. Senator A) Stephen A. Douglas B) Daniel Webster C) Henry Clay D) Charles Sumner E) Jefferson Davis
D
55. A significant aspect of James Buchanan's win over John C. Fremont in the election of 1856 was A) Buchanan's charismatic and energetic style B) the Republican party's failure to run a presidential campaign C) Millard Fillmore's strong third-party showing D) Fremont's inability to gain votes in the South E) the collapse of the Democratic party in the North
D
58. The Lincoln-Douglas debates resulted in all of the following events except A) Douglas won reelection to the U.S. Senate B) Douglas argued that territorial legislatures could still exclude slavery by simply not passing laws to protect it C) Lincoln gained a national reputation as a Republican leader by performing well D) Lincoln maintained that the slaves must eventually be freed and awarded full legal equality E) Lincoln expressed free-labor sentiments about settlement in the West
D
62. During the election of 1860, the Democratic party A) dissolved B) lost most of the elections for senators and representatives C) split into a Northern and a Southern faction D) managed to draw what was left of the Whig party into its ranks E) dominated voting strength in the Northeast
D
65. The educational and oratorical brainchild of Josiah Holbrook was a movement called A) university B) compendium C) colloquium D) lyceum E) gymnasium
D
66. Lyceums were established as A) places of refuge for runaway slaves B) meeting houses for nativist political parties C) traveling religious revivals D) a place for men and women to educate themselves about issues E) a venue for citizens to view the growth of American military technology
D
2. Advocates of Manifest Destiny claimed the motive for territorial expansion was to A) achieve a political balance between North and South B) secure new resources and markets for the United States C) settle the issue of slavery in the West D) extend American liberty to new territories E) ensure that no foreign powers gained territory in North America
D. Extend american liberty to new territories
6. The victorious commanding general at the Battle of San Jacinto was A) Davy Crockett B) Jim Bowie C) Andrew Jackson D) Sam Houston E) William Travis
D. Sam Houston
8. In the 1840s, the Oregon Country's ownership remained in dispute between the United States and A) Mexico B) Russia C) France D) Great Britain E) Canada
D. britian
21. According to President Polk, war with Mexico began when A) the United States annexed Texas, and Mexico declared war B) Santa Anna brutally captured and killed the defenders of the Alamo C) American troops crossed the Rio Grande and attacked Mexican troops D) Mexican and American troops ran into each other on foraging missions E) Mexican troops crossed the Rio Grande and attacked American troops
E
24. The heaviest fighting of the Mexican War occurred in A) New Mexico B) California C) northern Mexico D) Texas E) central Mexico
E
28. The Wilmot Proviso that prohibited slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico A) was quickly passed by Congress B) never came to a vote in Congress C) received the support of President Polk D) passed the Senate but lost in the House E) passed the House but lost in the Senate
E
29. The proposal for popular sovereignty called for deciding the issue of slavery in the territories through A) Constitutional amendment B) direct national referendum C) a vote in both houses of Congress D) executive order E) a popular vote by the residents of each territory
E
36. When the Compromise of 1850 finally passed, it included all of the following provisions except A) a strong Fugitive Slave Act B) the admission of California as a free state C) the abolition of the slave trade in Washington, D.C. D) the formation of territorial governments in former Mexican territory E) the exclusion of slavery from all parts of the Mexican Cession
E
60. When John Brown raided Harper's Ferry, all of the following events occurred except A) the state of Virginia executed Brown for treason B) Southerners decided that many Northerners were determined to destroy slavery in the Southern states C) some abolitionists glorified Brown as a saint D) lives were lost among Brown's raiders E) the U.S. military refused to stop Brown
E
63. During the election of 1860, all of the following events occurred except A) the Democratic party split into Northern and Southern wings and ran opposing candidates B) the Republican party ran an exciting campaign, but only in the North C) the nation voted largely along sectional lines D) a new party appeared that tried to hold the union together by avoiding the slavery issue E) no one received a majority of the electoral votes, so the U.S. House selected Lincoln as the next president
E
67. During the middle of the nineteenth century, a spirited topic at lyceums was A) tariff wars B) campaign finance reform C) temperance D) military spending E) slavery
E
13. In the election campaign of 1844, Henry Clay A) urged the immediate annexation of Texas B) denounced the proposed annexation of Texas C) suggested selling Texas to Great Britain or France D) called for war with Mexico E) tried to avoid the issue of Texas
E. tried to avoid the issue of Texas
56. In the 1857 case of Dred Scott v. Sanford, the Supreme Court ruled that A) Congress had no authority to exclude slavery from the federal territories B) former slaves could gain freedom if their owners voluntarily took them into free states or territories C) Dred Scott was entitled to freedom on a technicality, but his case was unique D) escaped slaves could apply for freedom as free persons if they evaded capture for ten years or more E) proslavery forces in Kansas had acted unconstitutionally
a
27. During the late 1840s and early 1850s, the addition of new territory into the United States affected the sectional disagreements over slavery by A) changing them very little B) calming them considerably C) making them much worse D) settling them once and for all E) establishing an atmosphere of consensus
c
9. The first permanent American settlers in Oregon were mainly A) missionaries B) gold prospectors C) fur traders D) cattle ranchers E) members of the army
c. fur traders
