APUSH Chapter 19
The fictional tale of a black slaves vicious treatment by the cruel Simon Lehrer touches millions of northern hearts and creates stronger opposition to slavery
1852
A newly organized territory becomes a bloody battleground between pro slavery and anti-slavery forces
1854
A black slave attempt to win freedom produces a controversial Supreme Court decision
1857
The hanging of a fanatically violent abolitionist makes him a martyr in the North and a hatred symbol in the south
1859
A "black republican" whose minority sectional victory in a presidential election provoked southern secession
1860
A group of states calling itself a new southern nation declares its independence and chooses its first president
1861
Rifles paid for by New England abolitionists and brought to Kansas by anti-slavery pioneers
Beecher's Bibles
Term that described the prairie territory where a small-scale civil war erupted in 1856
Bleeding Kansas
Abolitionist senator whose verbal attack on the South provoked a physical assault that severely injured him
Charles Sumner
A new nation that proclaimed its independence in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1861
Confederate States of America
Newly formed, middle-of-the-road party of elderly politicians that sought compromise in 1860, but carried only three border states
Constitutional Union Party
A last-ditch plan to save the Union by providing guarantees for slavery in the territories
Crittenden Compromise
Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
Greatly strengthened northern antislavery feeling
Site of a federal arsenal where a militant abolitionist attempted to start a slave rebellion
Harpers Ferry, Virginia
"The little woman who wrote the book that made this Great War" (the Civil War)
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Southern-born author whose book attacking slavery's effects on whites aroused northern opinion
Hinton R. Helper
Thoughtful political discussions during an Illinois Senate campaign that sharply defined national issues concerning slavery
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Site where seven seceding states united to declare their independence from the United States
Montgomery, Alabama
Abolitionist group that sent settlers and "Beecher's Bibles" to oppose slavery in Kansas
New England Emigrant Aid Company
Sharp economic decline that increased northern demands for a high tariff and convinced southerners that the North was economically vulnerable
Panic of 1857
Scene of militant abolitionist John Brown's massacre of proslavery men in 1856
Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas
Southern congressman whose bloody attack on a northern senator fueled sectional hatred
Preston Brooks
Hinton r. Helper's the impending crisis of the south contended that
Slavery did great harm to the poor whites of the south
First state to secede from the Union in December 1860
South Carolina
Leading northern Democrat whose presidential hopes fell victim to the conflict over slavery
Stephen A. Douglas
A book by a southern writer that argued that slavery especially oppressed poor whites
The Impending Crisis of the South
As presented to Congress, the Lecompton Constitution provided for
The admission of Kansas as a free state
Although the republican candidate lost to Buchanan, the election of 1856 demonstrated the growing power of the new anti slavery party
True
Both South Carolina and Massachusetts defiantly reelected the principal figures in the Brooks-Sumner beating incident.
True
Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin proved to be the most influential publication in arousing the Northern and European Public's against the evils of slavery
True
John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry failed to set off a slave uprising but succeeded in inflaming passions in both north and south
True
Republicans considered the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision invalid and vowed to defy it
True
Seven states seceded and formed the Confederate States of America during the "lameduck" period between Lincoln's election and his inauguration.
True
The election of 1860 was really two campaigns, Lincoln versus Douglas in the North and Bell vs Breckinridge in the South
True
The violence in Kansas was provoked by both radical abolitionists and militant proslavery forces.
True
A powerful, popular novel that altered the course of American politics
Uncle Tom's Cabin
A sworn, written testimony, usually attested to by a notary public or legal officer
affidavit
The allotment or distribution of legislative representatives in districts according to population
apportionment
In politics, a movement or candidacy that gains rapid momentum because of people's purported desire to join a successful cause
bandwagon
blindly or narrowly intolerant
bigoted
the northernmost slave states contested by North and South; during the Civil War the four border states (Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri) remained within the Union, though they contained many Confederate sympathizers and volunteers
border state
Black slave whose unsuccessful attempt to win his freedom deepened the sectional controversy
Dred Scott
Controversial Supreme Court ruling that blacks had no civil or human rights and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories
Dred Scott Case
Cause: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
Effect: Convinced southerners that the North generally supported murder and slave rebellion
Cause: Lincoln's rejection of the Crittenden Compromise
Effect: Ended the last hopes of a peaceable sectional settlement and an end to secession
Cause: The Dred Scott case
Effect: Infuriated Republicans and made them determined to defy the Supreme Court
Cause: The 1858 Illinois senate race
Effect: Made Lincoln a leading national Republican figure and hurt Douglas's presidential chances
Cause: The election of Lincoln as president
Effect: Moved South Carolina to declare immediate secession from the Union
Cause: The "lame-duck" period and Buchanan's indecisiveness
Effect: Paralyzed the North while the southern secessionist movement gained momentum
Cause: H.B. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
Effect: Persuaded millions of northerners and Europeans that slavery was evil and should be eliminated
Cause: The splitting of the Democratic party in 1860
Effect: Shattered one of the last links between the sections and almost guaranteed Lincoln's victory in 1860
Cause: Buchanan's support for the pro-slavery Lecompton Constitution
Effect: led to a "mini" prairie civil war between proslavery and anitslavery factions
Cause: The exercise of "popular sovereignty" in Kansas
Effect: offended senator Douglas and divided the Democratic party
Four-way race for the presidency that resulted in the election of a sectional minority president
Election of 1860
By opposing the proslavery Lecompton Constitution in Kansas, Senator Stephen A. Douglas was able to unite the Democratic party.
False
In the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Lincoln's criticisms forced Douglas to back away from his support for popular sovereignty
False
Lincoln made a strong effort to get the South to accept the Crittenden Compromise in order to avoid a civil war.
False
Northern Democrats walked out of the Democratic Party in 1860 when southerners nominated Stephen a. Douglas for president
False
Prosouthern Kansas pioneers brought numerous slaves with them in order to guarantee that Kansas would not become a free state.
False
The Dred Scott decision upheld the doctrine of popular sovereignty that the people of each territory should determine whether or not to permit slavery
False
The overwhelming support for Lincoln in the North gave him a majority of the total popular vote despite winning almost no votes in the South.
False
Lincoln rejected the proposed Crittenden Compromise because
it permitted the further extension of south of the line of 36"30'
The panic of 1857 encouraged the South to believe that
its economy was fundamentally stronger than that of the North
The fanatical abolitionist John Brown made his first entry into violent antislavery politics by
killing five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas
One who is tortured or killed for adherence to a belief
martyr
During the campaign of 1860, Abraham Lincoln and the Republican party
opposed the expansion of slavery but made no statements threatening to abolish slavery in the South.
land or other things belonging to the whole nation, controlled by the federal government
public domain
A government set up and controlled by outside forces
puppet governement
In the dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court
ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories because slaves were private property.
Within two months after the election of Lincoln
seven southern states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America
concerning the small political groups left after a larger group has divided or broken apart
splintering
In the campaign of 1860, the Democratic party
split in two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate
The Sumner-Brooks affair revealed
that violent disagreements about slavery were being felt in the halls of Congress
The election of 1856 was most noteworthy for
the dramatic rise of the Republican party
Southerners were particularly enraged by the John Brown affair because
they believed Brown's violent abolitionist sentiments were shared by the whole North
The service and homage given by a feudal subordinate to an overlord; by extension, any similar arrangement between political figures or entities
vassalage
The conflict over slavery in Kansas
was greatly escalated by abolitionist-funded settlers and proslavery "border ruffians" from Missouri.
A key issue in the Lincoln-Douglas debates was
whether the people of a territory could prohibit slavery in light of the Dred Scott decision.
Weak Democratic president whose manipulation by proslavery forces divided his own party
James Buchanan
Former United States senator who in 1861 became the president of what called itself a new nation
Jefferson Davis
Fanatical and bloody-minded abolitionist martyr admired in the North and hated in the South
John Brown
Buchanan's vice president, nominated for president by breakaway southern Democrats in 1860
John C. Breckenridge
Romantic western hero and the first Republican candidate for president
John C. Fremont
Anti-immigrant party headed by former President Fillmore that competed with republicans and democrats in the election of 1856
Know Nothings
Period between Lincoln's election and his inauguration, during which the ineffectual President Buchanan remained in office.
Lame-Duck Period
Tricky proslavery document designed to bring Kansas into the Union but blocked by Stephen A. Douglas
Lecompton Constitution