APUSH Chapter 7 Learning Curve
Which of the following was likely a Federalist in the 1790s?
A Boston merchant
Why did the economies of Georgia and South Carolina boom in the 1790s?
A cotton boom stimulated the expansion of cotton plantations there.
People like Alexander Hamilton who argued that Congress was empowered to make "all Laws which shall be necessary and proper" held which interpretation of the Constitution?
A loose interpretation
Which idea did Thomas Jefferson support during George Washington's presidency?
A strict reading of the Constitution
Which candidate was prevented from becoming president after a tie with Thomas Jefferson in the electoral college in 1800?
Aaron Burr
Who killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel and later became involved in a plan to arrange the secession of Louisiana from the Union, an act for which he was tried for treason but then acquitted?
Aaron Burr
Jefferson's notion of an international division of labor resembled an idea proposed by which political economist?
Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations
The Rush-Bagot Treaty, negotiated by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams in 1817, addressed which issue?
American and British naval forces in the Great Lakes
How did the French Revolution affect the American economy?
American merchants profited handsomely from the war that resulted from it.
Why did slavery thrive in Mississippi and Alabama?
An expansion in cotton production
According to this map, what was the result of the Treaty of Paris (1783) and the Treaty of Greenville (1795)?
An increase in white westward expansion
Although it was fought after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812, the Battle of New Orleans made who a national hero?
Andrew Jackson
Why did Britain impose a naval blockade on France in 1802?
Britain was at war with France and wanted to starve it into submission.
Which policy was consistent with Thomas Jefferson's vision for the nation's economic prosperity?
Cheap land from the public domain
Which of Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton's proposals did Thomas Jefferson and James Madison object to on constitutional grounds?
Creation of a national bank
Which Connecticut-born inventor developed a machine that separated the seeds from the fiber of cotton, dramatically increasing the efficiency of cotton manufacture?
Eli Whitney
What practice did George Washington, the first president, carry over from the national government under the Articles of Confederation?
Executive departments to run the government
What group dominated the first government of the United States elected under the Constitution?
Federalists
The Adams-Onís Treaty transferred which Spanish colony to the United States?
Florida
In 1798, black slaves seized freedom in which of the following countries?
Haiti
Why did congressmen from Virginia and Maryland eventually agree to support Hamilton's plan that the national government assume the war debts of the states?
Hamilton agreed to build a permanent national capital along the Potomac River.
Which of the following caused two political factions to grow out of the Federalist party?
Hamilton's fiscal programs
Why did Thomas Jefferson set his democratic vision on a society of yeomen farm families?
He doubted that urban wage workers would ever have the political independence citizens needed.
How did Handsome Lake's religious revivals differ from other Native American belief systems?
He tried to combine Christian and Native American beliefs.
What did Alexander Hamilton want his financial program to accomplish?
He wanted to empower the central government by connecting its interests to those of the elite.
Why did Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton deliver reports on credit, a national bank, and on manufactures to Congress?
He wanted to ensure a strong national government and a healthy economy.
Why did President Jefferson ask the American minister in Paris to negotiate with Napoleon Bonaparte over the Louisiana Territory?
He wanted to purchase New Orleans to secure navigation rights on the Mississippi.
What statement assesses the Embargo Act of 1807?
Imaginative but naïve, it hurt Americans more than anyone else.
What was an impact of the settlement of western lands in the late 1700s and early 1800s?
Increased productivity in the Northeast as farmers adopted new techniques
Why did Native Americans object to the Treaty of Paris that ended the Revolutionary War?
It gave their lands, without their consent, to the United States.
Why did Patrick Henry and others object to Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton's credit plan?
It would benefit only the wealthy.
Why did Alexander Hamilton advocate a declaration of war against France in 1800?
It would have boosted patriotism in the country and ensured the Federalists' reelection that year.
What was a factor in Thomas Jefferson's Republicans winning the election of 1800?
John Adams's administration had enacted the Alien and Sedition Acts.
Who negotiated a treaty with Britain in 1795 to end British attacks on U.S. shipping?
John Jay
What Federalist chief justice sat on the Supreme Court from 1801 through 1835 and shaped American law by advocating judicial supremacy, supremacy of national laws over state laws, and static property rights?
John Marshall
Who was the skilled secretary of state who helped to negotiate the Treaty of Ghent in 1814, negotiated for the acquisition of Florida from Spain, and negotiated the boundary between the United States and Canada with Britain?
John Quincy Adams
What is evidence of the greater power enjoyed by women among eastern woodland Native American societies?
Land and cultivation rights were passed through the female line.
Which Indian leader, in the 1790s, led a confederation of Indian tribes throughout the Great Lakes region that defeated American forces?
Little Turtle
Why was the decision that Chief Justice John Marshall wrote in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) an important precedent for the constitutional authority of the Supreme Court of the United States?
Marshall asserted the Supreme Court's authority to interpret the Constitution.
Which area did the Creek Indians hold prior to 1820?
Most of Georgia
What does this engraving of an Indian log house tell us about Native American life in the early republic?
Native tribes readily adopted European practices that made sense for them.
In the pages of his influential Baltimore newspaper Niles' Weekly Register, Hezekiah Niles explains his frustration with the divided nation during the war of 1812: "What then are we to do? Are we to encourage [our enemy] by divisions among ourselves—to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war—to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? . . . I did think that in a defensive war—a struggle for all that is valuable—that all parties would have united. But it is not so—every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed . . . as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross." Who were the Americans Niles charged with this division, and on what grounds?
New England Federalists who opposed the war, some of whom proposed secession
By 1800, the population density around St. Louis was comparable to the population density in what area?
North Carolina
Which act, supported by Federalists, abridged the rights of free speech by prohibiting malicious criticism of the president or members of Congress?
Sedition Act
Which trend characterized Thomas Jefferson's presidency?
Smaller government and a decrease in the national debt
Why did the United States officially declare war on Great Britain in 1812?
The British refused to alter their policy of ignoring American neutrality and continued the impressment of Americans.
Why did the first Congress of the United States have to pass the Judiciary Act of 1789?
The Constitution had mandated a Supreme Court but no national court system.
Which action devised by President Thomas Jefferson was an attempt to preserve American interests while avoiding war with Britain?
The Embargo Act of 1807
Which tribe was forced to surrender huge tracts of land to New York and Pennsylvania in the Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1784?
The Iroquois
Which river was most useful for Meriwether Lewis's and William Clark's voyage through the Louisiana Territory and the Oregon Territory?
The Missouri River
What name was eventually given to the American policy declared by President James Monroe that opposed European colonization in the Western Hemisphere?
The Monroe Doctrine
What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the case of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?
The Second Bank of the United States was constitutional.
Where was support for the War of 1812 especially strong?
The South and West
Despite a defeat in the Battle of Fallen Timbers in northern Ohio, the Western Confederacy remained strong enough to forge which compromise?
The Treaty of Greenville
Which document set forth a "states' rights" interpretation of the U.S. Constitution?
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
What was the name of the diplomatic incident in which President John Adams charged that France had insulted America's honor by soliciting a loan and a bribe from American diplomats to stop the seizures of American merchant ships?
The XYZ Affair
John Marshall's defense of property rights was based on his interpretation of which clause in the Constitution?
The contract clause
What stimulated the expansion of demand for American cotton in the late 1700s?
The development of new machines for processing cotton
What was the outcome of the national government's new excise tax that pushed western Pennsylvania farmers toward rebellious protests in 1794?
The excise tax on spirits raised the price on corn whiskey.
Albert Gallatin, Jefferson's secretary of the treasury, believed what to be an "evil of the first magnitude"?
The national debt
Why was the Whiskey Rebellion especially frightening to Federalists?
The rebels looked to the French Revolution for inspiration.
What was a consequence in the 1790s of the war in Europe that resulted from the French Revolution?
The war in Europe brought prosperity to American merchants.
Hamilton's multiple-part program to revive the finances of the United States involved the paying off of old government securities, the chartering of a national bank, and what action regarding state debts?
Their assumption by the federal government
What was the significance of the trip west by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?
Their maps and journals provided valuable information.
Why did Thomas Jefferson object to Alexander Hamilton's fiscal programs?
They went beyond a strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Why did the first Congress add ten amendments to the Constitution?
They were meant to protect individual rights from the national government.
Why did the British burn Washington, D.C., in 1814?
They were retaliating for the burning of the Canadian capital of York.
What power did Chief Justice John Marshall assert for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
To declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
What impact did the Battle of New Orleans have on the United States?
Undercutting the Hartford Convention
Which national capitol was burned during the War of 1812?
Washington City
What immediately resulted from the signing of the Treaty of Greenville?
White migration to Ohio
Based on the diagram, what was the balance between debts and assets?
Yearly revenue was not sufficient to redeem the nation's bonds.