Arch 301 exam 3
Postmodernism
A reaction against the universal style of modernist architecture. Begins in late 1960s. Seeks to marry technological & structural elements of International Style with past architectural traditions.
Deconstructivist Architecture
An architecture of imperfection, contradiction, & edginess. Buildings that "look like they might fall down." Began in late 1980s. Ex Gehry Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain
Casa Mila
Antonio Gaudi
Chicago
Chicago school Fire 1871 balloon frame construction Site: Local aspects of a place—e.g., its soil, water, geology, topography, etc. Situation: Aspects of a place arising from its location in relation to other places. Chicago: Poor site, excellent situation.
New Urbanism
Compact, walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods supporting a sense of place & community.
Frank Lloyd Wright
Considered America's greatest architect. Pioneered the concept that a building should blend into and harmonize with its surroundings rather than following classical designs. unity continuity dynamism
Schroder House
De Stijl architecture built by Rietveld in Holland first modern home
Industrial style
England 1750 mass produced items large cities large scale entertainment
Robie House
Few solid walls & little ornament. 2. No obvious front façade or entry. 3. Main living areas on 2nd floor. 4. Use of open plan
Sagrada Familia
Gaudi devoted end of his life
Chapel at Ronchamp
Le Corbusier
Villa Savoye
Le Corbusier
Unit for Urban Living
Le Corbusier housing for low income families Who belongs in the building/who doesn't? 2. Only space belonging to residents is apartment. 3. Lobby, stairs, elevators, halls accessible to everyone. 4. These interior public spaces infrequently used—perfect place to attack & rob. 5. The result: high crime rates & social distress.
German Pavilion
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Seagram Building
Mies van der Rohe
Crystal Palace
Nineteenth-century building by Joseph Paxton. Could be considered an early example of the relationship between new technology and architecture.
William LeBaron Jenney
Originally an engineer Sought most economical form of building Invented skeletalcage construction. An internal metal skeleton holds building up. Walls are no longer weightbearing. Major development in history of architecture.
Le Corbusier
Pilotis—building raised up on "stilts." 2. Open façade—walls are flat planes with no ornamentation. 3. Ribbon windows—horizontal strips of windows. 4. Open plan—interior spaces flow one into another. 5. Flat roof—reclaimed
William Whyte
Sociologist & urban designer In 1980s, studied parks & plazas in New York City. What makes a successful plaza? Sittability Street-plaza relationship Location
Louis Sullivan
Sometimes called "first modern architect."A philosopher & artist. Sought to develop a uniquely American architecture. Master of Art Nouveau
International Style
The world-wide style of architecture in the 20th C. Sleek, boxlike, minimal, abstract, technological, without ornament. The "austere glass box."Also called "modernist" style 1. A new principle of structure. A new principle of space. A new principle of function.
Bauhaus School
Under Gropius, German, School of architecture that brought together modern architecture - glass and steel
Balloon Frame Construction
Use of light, precut lumber held together by nails. Much faster & requiring less skill than earlier timber post-& beam construction.
Art Nouveau
a style of decorative art, architecture, and design prominent in western Europe and the US from about 1890 until World War I and characterized by intricate linear designs and flowing curves based on natural forms.
Marshall Field warehouse Store
chicago HH richardson
Union plaza problems
not enough sitting major flow blocked
Prarie School
young architects led by frank Lloyd wright