Architecture

*3 Greek Orders

1 - Doric 2 - Ionic 3 - Corinthian

Late Medieval

1300 Steeply pitched roofs, small casement windows "Tudor", Shakespearean, homes Volumetric rather than linear Bridges the gap between the spiritual and the real world Fresco & panel painting

*Klismos

A classical Greek chair with concave back rest and splayed/ saber legs

Cornice

A molding at the corner between the ceiling and the top of a wall

String course

A projection horizontal band across an exterior wall of a building (ex pantheon) [gives a fake division]

Balustrade

A railing at the side of a staircase or balcony to prevent people from falling

*Pilaster

A rectangular column that usually projects about a third of its width from the wall to which it is attached; Column facade of 1/2 size

Palladian window

A three-part window with the center section arched and the two sides rectangular

*Late Georgian

Added projecting pavilion or breakfront with pediment to make front door a focal point, 2 story double porticos, quoins, Chippendale furniture, Palladian windows, Downton Abbey style

*Savonarola chair

An Italian renaissance X-shaped chair of interlacing curved slats and wooden back, carved or inlaid with certosina work

*Dante chair

An X-shaped folding chair with the X-frame going from side to side on both the front and back

*Roman Building Trends

Arches, Panthion, Domes

Federal architecture

Balanced and symmetrical version of Georgian architecture; Montecello, Thinner columns, 3 stories - although looked like two. - No pillasters - Use of bald eagle

*Roman Architecture

Borrowed heavily from other cultures such as Greek: Columns and arches. They also developed new ideas Arches, coliseum, baths, radiant heat, Indoor Plumbing, Courtyards, Open domes, Faux Paint with Color

*Swedish Architecture

Brought Log Cabin; Nationalistic style with simple lines, built in brick and granite, used in many public and residential buildings.

Swedish

Brought log cabin

Hepplewhite

Chair maker with delicate line; known for shield, camel, oval, or heart back; popularized satinwood

Hepplewhite Chair

Chair maker with delicate line; known for shield, camel, oval, or heart back; popularized satinwood

Sheraton Chair

Chair with rectangular wooden back

Gothic Architecture

Characterized by pointed arches, high ceilings, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows

Shaker Furniture

Clean line simple made out of pine so it was less expensive doesn't play on the joinery; Used practical but simple - peg boards, Designs in Caning of black/white, "Minimalism" Ornate is a sin.

Federal

Colors- powder cream and pastels, turquoise, Robert Adam created neoclassical style, plaster work looked like frosting, flat facade, 3 levels, flattened hipped roof, fanlight and sidelights, plantation homes, Hepplewhite shield back chair, Sheraton straight back chair

*Greek Architecture

Columns - Parthinon, the use of post and lintel construction and symmetrical balance. Included 6 main parts of a temple: cornice, pediment, frieze, capitol, shaft, and base. The three columns types were Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.

*Six Main Parts of a Greek Temple

Cornice, pediment, frieze, capitol, shaft, and base

Vernacular architecture

Culturally and climatically relevant architecture using locally available materials and traditional building techniques. It is a quality, not a style.

Georgian Furniture

Duncan Phyfe sofas Wingback chairs Grandfather clocks Queen Anne Furniture Chippendale

Dutch Architecture

Gambel room with extended eaves,

Tudor

Half timbering, tall narrow windows in groups, big chimneys, large doorways, wide variety of gables

*Corinthian Order

Most ornate of the orders- contains a base, a fluted column shaft, and the capital is elaborate and decorated with leaf carvings

17th century American

No time or money for anything but the basics Steeply pitched roofs Clapboard siding Drab colors Ladderback chairs, Example is the House of Seven Gables in Salem, Massachusetts.

*Frieze

Ornamental horizontal carved band on a wall

Wattle

Panels of woven sticks used to fill a wall then covered with daub (plaster)

*Nogging

Rough brick masonry used to fill in the gaps in a wooden frame used with Tudor Homes (Gothic)

*Greek Furniture Trend

Saber Legs

*Volutes

Spiral, Scroll-like form

*Tracery means

Stone Lacework

German Architecture

Tent roof after first floor

German influence

Tent roof after first floor

Quoins

The large, sometimes rusticated, usually slightly projecting stones that often form the corners of the exterior walls of masonry buildings.

Greek Pediment

The triangular top of a temple that contains sculpture

Capital

Top part of a column

Gothic Building Trend

Tracery

Pediment

Triangular part above columns in Greek buildings

*Early Georgian

With success came money and copying the English style, hipped roof, string course, pediment and pilasters, balustrade, cupola, examples are Williamsburg, Independence hall, know *Queen Anne furniture

Thomas Jefferson Architecture

a) Home is very neoclassical b) Rome like in structure, columns

*Ionic Order

characterized by volutes (spiral, scroll-like form), capitals, columns with bases, uninterrupted frieze, base

*Daub

coat with plaster; Stucco

Breakfront

n. A piece of furniture, such as a cabinet or a bookcase, with a central section that projects beyond the sections to either side.

*Doric Order

simple, heavy columns without a base and topped by a broad, plain capital

Transoms

small windows, or horizontal bar dividing window