Argument and Advocacy Midterm
True or False: Since homogenous audiences are most common, speakers can design a speech that will reflect the general values of their listeners.
False
True or False: The effects of speech anxiety most often refers to mental effects and rarely affects your physical well-being.
False
True or False: The extemporaneous outline is developed first.
False
True or False: You shouldn't practice your speech too much.
False
A/an __________ hinders effective communication by influencing observation and interpretation
Perceptual barrier
___________ can represent an object or idea without being physically similar to that object or idea.
Symbols
True or False: A two-sided presentation is more complex than a one-sided presentation.
True
True or False: A wiki is a website whose content is composed and edited by members of the public.
True
True or False: Deductive reasoning takes a theory and applies it toward a situation.
True
For Western listeners, the ______ pattern may seem rambling or off topic at points. a) web b) deferred-thesis c) narrative d) spatial
a) web
A person's field of experience is compromised by three things, what are they?
attitudes, perceptions, and backgrounds
The introduction usually accounts for what percentage of the speech? a) 5% b) 10% c) 20% d) 25%
b) 10%
"Fought for freedom..." is an example of ______. a) metaphor b) alliteration c) hyperbole d) antithesis
b) alliteration
Which of the following is true of word meanings? a) The connotative and denotative meanings usually match. b) Connotative meanings are precise. c) A word can have both a denotative and connotative meaning. d) Denotative meanings are subjective.
c) A word can have both a denotative and connotative meaning.
When the speaker uses the transition, "This is not only an American problem. In South Korea, China, and India, the elderly face a similarly uncertain future" she's using the __________ type of transition.
contrasting
Consider the following introductory statement used to startle or shock an audience: "The bear was charging toward me, enraged and baring his deadly fangs. I had made a grave mistake, and my next action would determine my life or death." Which of the following speech topics would this introduction be most relevant and effective toward? a) breathing exercises b) slow and thoughtful thinking techniques c) endangered species d) backpacking guidelines and tips
d) backpacking guidelines and tips
Attitudes, perceptions, and personal backgrounds are all part of our ____________
field of experience
Hannah demonstrated the ability to adapt her speech to reflect her unique audience when she ___________
focused on purchasing options in their geographic area
When Chris says "lookiloo," which is slang from he's from, he was misunderstood because the word ___________
reflects a regional difference
When the speaker concludes his introductory visualization by asking his audience "How great would that be?" he's using a _____ device.
rhetorical question
"Beginning a saving account is easier than you think" is the speaker's __________
thesis
"Saving money" is the speaker's ________-
topic
The connotative meaning of a word is _________
variable and subjective
True or False: Obscene language can show your passion for the topic.
False
True or False: Public speaking anxiety is a multidimensional type of disorder that develops from a variety of sources.
True
True or False: The conclusion should be about 5% of your speech.
True
True or False: Transition tools help to create seamlessness in your speech.
True
True or False: You can use questionnaires to gather information about your audience before you even begin to design your speech.
True
Which of the following is the best example of a persuasive topic? a) The Benefits of a Low Sugar Diet b) The Evolution of Broadcast Media c) Qualitative and Quantitative Research History d) The Worst Blind Date Ever
a) The Benefits of a Low Sugar Diet
Which of the following is true of the communication process? a) Only the sender actively participates. b) One person acts as sender and one acts as receiver. c) Only the receiver can respond. d) Both verbal and nonverbal messages are sent and received
d) Both verbal and nonverbal messages are sent and received
When Chris explains that "lookiloo" means "someone who slows down for an accident," he's sharing the word's ___________-
denotation
True or False: Linear and configural formats are types of organizational patterns.
True
The ______ approach uses the alphabet to help find a potential topic. a) A-B-C d) X-Y-Z e) Dictionary d) Category stimulus
a) A-B-C
Which of the following statements is true of online sources? a) Academic databases are not always free. b) Blogs are inacceptable as research sources. c) Websites always provide unbiased information. d) Citing information from Wiki pages usually increases a speaker's credibility.
a) Academic databases are not always free.
When your speech is persuasive, the thesis is sometimes called a ______. a) fact b) claim c) belief d) argumetn
b) claim
After experiencing my speech, audience members will be able to begin saving money is the speaker's ____________
behavioral objective
______ is an example of a chronological transition. a) Likewise b) Therefore c) Before d) In spite of
c) Before
Which of the following is true about your speech's thesis statement? a) It should be two or three sentences. b) It is optional in some speech types. c) It expresses the central theme of your speech. d) It should be stated at the end of your speech.
c) It expresses the central theme of your speech
Which of the following is the best example of an informative speech topic? a) Why Stem Cell Research is Necessary b) The Benefits of Big Game Hunting c) The Super Power I Wish I Had d) How to Build Muscle
d) How to Build Muscle
Which of the following statements is true of main points? a) They direct the audience's attention to the subpoints. b) They are less substantial to your argument than your subpoints. c) They help to build your subordinate points. d) They are fundamental to your outline.
d) They are fundamental to your outline.
Which of the following is a benefit of a post-speech analysis? a) To review, but not, critique your performance. b) To prove the quality of your speech. c) To verify your expectations. d) To apply the lessons you learn to your next speech.
d) To apply the lesson you learn to your next speech
Which of the following statements best reflects a behavioral objective for Hannah's speech? After experiencing my speech, audience members will be able to __________
differentiate the five types of tea
Say you are scheduled to present a speech on social media movements to an audience. Which of the following is the least important preliminary question to consider when designing your speech? a) What do I think the outcomes will be of this speech? b) Will my listeners be interested in social media movements? d) Do my listeners use social media? e) What if they tune out during the speech?
e) What if they tune out during the speech?
When the speaker tells the story about his first experience performing at an open mic event, he's _____________
enhancing his cultural credibility by sharing an experience familiar to his audience.
From the conversation between the man and woman, we can deduce that the classroom in which the insensitive incident took place was demographically _______________
heterogeneous
As this communication scenario illustrates, we should be careful to accurately reference a person's country of origin because it may define their _________________
identify affiliation
If the speaker had started her speech by offering an overview of the three main ideas about her grandfather that she would be expanding on during her speech, she would have been using the ______ organizational format
linear
When the speaker states "that night in New Mexico was the start of my long love affair with open mics," he's identifying the _____ of the speech
main idea
When the speaker offers his three reasons for why they should own a bicycle, he's trying to identify the _________ of the speech
main ideas
At the beginning of his introduction, when the speaker says "I'm a man of many hobbies...but I'm far from a master of all of my interests," he's trying to _______
show humility and sincerity to encourage his audience to relate to him
If the speaker had shared a visual map of his area and had organized his speech by following traffic flows and suggesting alternative routes on that map, he would have been using the ________ organizational pattern
spatial order
When Hannah says that she's going to talking about the types of tea, what to consider when preparing tea, and where to purchase tea, she's sharing her _______
specific purpose
True or False Public speaking skills help you block out your audience so you can focus on yourself
False
True or False: An interview you conduct with an expert would be secondary research.
False
True or False: Each main point should be supported by at least three subpoints.
False
True or False: Gender does not need to be considered when preparing a speech.
False
True or False: Gimmicks can be a fun way to keep a conclusion memorable.
False
True or False: In a cause-and-effect pattern, the main points of a speech gradually build up to the speaker's thesis.
False
True or False: Only topic experts can post information on a website or through social media.
False
True or False: Onomatopoeia is the use of extreme exaggeration for effect.
False
True or False: Specific purposes are meant to be overreaching.
False
True or False: Speech introductions are usually the longest part of the speech.
False
True or False: Speech organization is identical to essay organization.
False
True or False: Speech outlines are constructed before you determine your organizational pattern.
False
True or False: The conclusion is a good place for speakers to add any last minute ideas that come to mind or that they forgot to mention.
False
True or False: When brainstorming topics, you should try to avoid topics of which you are unfamiliar to simplify the planning process.
False
_________ helps the sender to know if their message has been clearly received
Feedback
When the speaker shares the four main categories of kayaks, he's presenting __________ from his outline.
subordinate points
Which of the following speech topics would best be described in a problem-solution order? a) the history behind Thanksgiving b) the pressure to perform and rise in steroid use in professional sports c) the layout of Disneyworld d) salmonella outbreaks and stricter FDA regulations
d) salmonella outbreaks and stricter FDA regulations
Which of the following statements best describes mind mapping? a) Drawing a diagram that illustrates the associations between ideas that you have brainstormed. b) Formulating a chart that ranks your brainstormed ideas. c) Creating a mental image of your ideas and their comparisons. d) Listing to all of your potential ideas in alphabetical order.
a) Drawing a diagram that illustrates the associations between ideas that you have brainstormed
Which of the following sentences contains a complimentary transition? a) The defendant pleaded her case to the jury, and only much later did people realize she was telling the truth. b) Austin is a city that has a flourishing live music scene as well as a booming tech industry. c) The war on drugs proved ineffective, even though the number of drug-related arrests increased. d) It has been proven that people experience more joy after a meal, thus businessmen often strategically conduct meetings after lunch.
b) Austin is a city that has a flourishing live music scene as well as a booming tech industry.
Which of the following statements about the interactive communication process is true? a) Once a sender has shared a message they are not able to change that communication. b) Fields of experience determine the channel senders choose to deliver their message. c) Interactive communication involves both verbal and nonverbal messages. d) Interactive communication is an exchange between two senders.
b) Field of experience determine the channel senders choose to deliver their message
Which of the following statements best describes why a two-sided presentation is important? a) It allows you to present the same topic to two different audiences. b) It influences the audience's perception of your knowledgeability and receptiveness to your arguments. c) It allows you to present a simple and uncomplicated speech. d) It allows you to determine how knowledgeable your audience is of your topic.
b) It influences the audience's perception of your knowledgeability and receptiveness to your arguments.
Which of the following statements is true of coordinate points? a) They order your main points by how significant each one seems to your argument b) They balance your main points c) They rank your main points by the number of subpoints they contain. d) They serve as support for your subordinate points.
b) They balance your main points
Which of the following best describes an attribute of interviews as sources of information? a) They can provide your personal knowledge and experience. b) They can provide expert insight. c) They can shorten and simplify the research gathering process. d) They can make your speech seem less convincing.
b) They can provide expert insight.
What is the purpose of the Triangle of Meaning model? a) To describe and explain how the relationships between words and objects remain unchanging. b) To describe and explain how meanings are constructed, understood, and negotiated. c) To display the distinction between symbols and objects. d) To display the explicit meanings that are assigned to words.
b) To describe and explain how meanings are constructed, understood, and negotiated.
Which of the following statements best describes a psychographic snapshot? a) An understanding of your homogenous audience. b) A mental image of an audience's psychological characteristics. c) A visual aid that informs your audience of the psychological outcomes of your speech. d) A mental image of an audience's physical characteristics.
b) A mental image of an audience's psychological characteristics.
Jenny is giving a speech on the importance of animal adoption and explains that many organizations provide free or low-cost spay and neuter programs before asking "So, why is this important?" This is an example of a/an ______. a) internal summary b) internal preview c) speech marker d) signpost
b) internal preview
Consider the following arguments: "It is for these reasons why children should have access to comprehensive pediatric dental care before starting kindergarten. Now the issue becomes how to make these services accessible." Which of the following outlining tools are used in this argument? a) internal preview and complimentary transition b) internal summary and parallelism c) chronological transition and signpost d) internal summary and signpost
b) internal summary and parallelism
A ______ is a visual way to show relationships among brainstormed ideas. a) brainstorm outline b) mind map c) topic map d) thought chart
b) mind map
A ______ introduces the audience to the speech's subject and purpose and identifies the main ideas that will constitute the body of the speech. a) conclusion b) preview c) relevance statement d) credibility statement
b) preview
Your own experience with choosing courses would be ______ research on a speech about picking college classes. a) original b) primary c) secondary d) tertiary
b) primary
"Why did you make that decision?" is an example of a ______ question. a) close-ended b) probing c) leading d) primary
b) probing
"Male nurse" or "female doctor" are examples of ______. a) exclusive language b) spotlighting c) simile d) inclusive language
b) spotlighting
Which of the following speech topics would best be described in spatial order? a) the evolving landscape of technology devices b) television viewing and perception of violence c) the history of American football d) the Earth's planetary position and how the solar system works
b) television viewing and perception of violence
Which of the following is the best example of a specific purpose statement of an informative speech? a) to inspire people to follow their dreams b) to describe British literature c) to make people laugh d) to convince people to donate blood
b) to describe British literature
What concepts are included in the Triangle of Meaning model? a) words, meanings, and arguments b) words, thoughts, and things c) words, phrases, and sentences d) words, connotative meanings, and denotative meanings
b) words, thoughts, and things
When the speaker suggests the audience close their eyes and imagine a product that would help them to lose weight, save the environment, and pay for itself, he's using which of the following attention-getting techniques? a) startle or shock the audience b) use an interesting quote from a relevant source c) directly involve the audience d) use humor
c) directly involve the audience
Frank is interested in giving a speech on drug addiction. He has watched several of his best friends' battle with addiction and knows how devastating it can be to a person's life. Frank would like to explore the causes and effects of addiction to see if there are any trends or patterns in users' behavior. Additionally, Frank is curious about the number of drug users in the United States over time, and if addiction is more serious in certain states over others. Which of the following secondary sources is most relevant for the types of questions on Frank's mind? a) a U.S. newspaper b) a biography index c) information from Census Bureaus d) his personal experiences with his friends
c) information from Census Bureaus
"Your body is a temple" is an example of a/an ______. a) comparison b) alliteration c) metaphor d) simile
c) metaphor
In his speech on the history of his religion, Josh never explicitly states a thesis, but instead shares a series of stories. This is an example of which pattern? a) web b) story-telling c) narrative d) deffered-thesis
c) narrative
When the speaker explains what can be done to end elderly abandonment, she chooses the language "families can do more" and "government can do more," which using which of the following elements of an outline? a) conclusion b) internal preview c) parallelism d) signpost
c) parallelism
If you asked people about how much they agreed with a statement on a five point continuum, you would be using which type of question? a) close-ended b) trick c) scaled d) open-ended
c) scaled
According to Aristotle, what are the three elements of speechmaking? a) speaker, speech environment, and situation b) topic, listener, and feedback c) speaker, subject, and person addressed d) subject, rhetoric, and person responding
c) speaker, subject, and person addressed
An extemporaneous or presentation outline is also known as ______. a) formal outline b) final notes b) final outline c) speaker's notes
c) speakers notes
Which of the following is defined as the use of repetition to reduce the uncertainty of receivers? a) uncertainty reduction theory b) the principle of repetition c) the principle of redundancy d) speech organization
c) the principle of redundancy
Which one of the following words is likely to evoke a smaller range of connotative meanings from an audience? a) independent b) magical c) friend d) seven
d) seven
An extemporaneous or presentation outline is also known as ______. a) formal outline b) final notes c) final outline d) speakers notes
d) speakers notes
The individual described in the video who confused Argentina and Mexico was not sensitive to __________ or the unique differences in people.
diversity
When Trevor uses the personal example how watching a football affected his ability to read his textbook, he's ___________ from his main point about controlling your reading environment.
integrating support for
Michelle notices that women on TV are all much slimmer than she is and this influences her perception of both herself and the world around her. This is an example of the influence of __________ on perception
media
When the speaker explains reasons for elderly abandonment including "the social fabric of societies is fraying, that governments have not responded to the erosion of the family structure and that caregivers are suffering physical and mental stress," she's presenting ______ from her outline.
subordinate points
True or False: Speaker's notes should be as brief as possible.
True
Which of the following best exemplifies deductive reasoning? a) All integers are whole numbers. A fraction is not a whole number. A fraction is not an integer. b) The female to male ratio of your school's student population is 3-1. Therefore, all schools have more female students than male students. c) When you pet your friend's cat, your eyes get itchy. Therefore, you are allergic to cats. d) Naomi saves $25.00 in spare change every month. She spends that money on her monthly Internet bill. Naomi collects spare change to pay for her Internet bills.
a) All integers are whole numbers. A fraction is not a whole number. A fraction is not an integer.
Which of the following statements is true of demographic and psychographic snapshots? a) Both demographic and psychographic information of an audience should be considered when designing your speech. b) You can only understand an audience's demographics once you assess their psychographic qualities. c) Demographics describe features that underlie your audience's attitude, while psychographics describe things like age and gender. d) Both demographic and psychographic information of an audience should be collected and retained after you've effectively presented your speech.
a) Both demographic and psychographic information of an audience should be considered when designing your speech.
Why is it important to cite source materials carefully? a) It helps you avoid plagiarism. b) Audiences expect you to have developed all ideas in your speech. c) It fills time in your speech. d) It allows you to convince your audience you did your research.
a) It helps you avoid plagiarism.
Which of the following statements is true of the specific purpose of a speech topic? a) The specific purpose articulates your speech's main objective. b) The specific purpose is a statement of your speech's topic. c) Every speech has only one specific purpose. d) The specific purpose of any speech is to inform.
a) The specific purpose articulates your speech's main objective.
Why are strong conclusions important? a) They help to make your speech, overall, particularly salient to the audience members. b) They inform the thesis statement. c) They encourage listeners to remain ambivalent about your arguments. d) They allow you to make up for mistakes
a) They help to make your speech, overall, particularly salient to the audience members.
Field of experience is conceptualized as ______. a) a collection of all of your past communication experiences b) the elements of the communication process c) your skill level in the art of public speaking d) the academic area of which you are studying
a) a collection of all your past communication experiences
Which of the following is likely to be the most reliable online source for information on U.S. foreign policy? a) a governmental website b) a social media forum c) travel blogs d) Wikipedia
a) a governmental website
In a ______ pattern, the main points of a speech gradually build up to the speaker's thesis, which the speaker does not reveal until the speech is nearly over. a) deferred-thesis b) topical c) narrative d) web
a) deferred-thesis
"She ran like the wind" is an example of ______. a) figurative language b) false language c) literal language d) comparative languag
a) figurative language
Which of the following best describes the concept of speech organization? a) how a speaker arranges portions of their speech to provide an intelligible and effective discussion b) the date, time, and location details of a speech c) how a speaker orders the integrated sources they have researched d) how a topic is ranked in a list of brainstormed ideas
a) how a speaker arranges portions of their speech to provide an intelligible and effective discussion
You have recently become fascinated with astronomy. In your public speaking class, you have decided to give a presentation on star formation. Which of the following general purposes is your speech topic likely to fulfill? a) informative b) entertaining c) persuasive d) questioning
a) informative
A/an ______ helps hold your speech together, but is generally longer than a simple transition. a) internal preview b) external preview c) external summary d) internal summary
a) internal preview
A/an ______ acts as a mini-conclusion, helping emphasize what was just explained. a) internal summary b) external summary c) internal preview d) external preview
a) internal summary
What are the three main sections of a speech, in order? a) introduction, body, and conclusion b) thesis, conclusion, and body c) introduction, thesis, and conclusion d) thesis, body, and conclusion
a) intro, body, conclusion
Members of ______ cultures, such as the United States, often use a linear format. a) low-context b) high-context c) medium-context d) contextless
a) low-context
Which of the following stages involves techniques that a speaker should consider in order to conduct a successful interview and effectively use it toward a speech topic? a) pre-interview, during the interview, and post-interview b) pre- and post-interviews c) Techniques are only used as the interview is proceeding. d) during the interview and post-interview
a) pre-interview, during the interview, and post-interview
"Tell them what you are going to tell them. Tell them. Tell them what you told them" illustrates the ______. a) principle of redundancy b) law of repetition c) rule of multiplicity d) importance of excessiveness
a) principle of redundancy
Using a library catalog to search keywords would be an example of ______ research. a) secondary b) original c) primary d) tertiary
a) secondary
Virtually all speeches fulfill one of three general rhetorical purposes ______. a) to inform, to persuade, or to entertain b) to enlighten, to acquaint, or to appraise c) to convince, to confuse, or to explain d) to argue, to explore, or to articulate
a) to inform, to persuade, or to entertain
When Trevor shifts his notecards from one hand to another, which of the following aspects of delivery does he demonstrate? a) using natural gestures and movements b) using an appropriate facial expression c) using eye contact to connect with his audience d) varying his vocal cues for interest
a) using natural gestures and movements
Which of the following best exemplifies a euphemism? a) using the term economically disadvantaged instead of poor people b) using the word ethnicity instead of race c) using the word borborygmi to describe a growling stomach d) using the word indigo instead of "blue"
a) using the term economically disadvantaged instead of poor people
Which of the following statements best describes the importance of a speech's thesis statement? a) It reiterates the general purpose of the speech topic. b) It allows you effectively state your claim. c) It allows your audience to identify what the main points of your speech topic will be. d) It allows your audience to judge your behavioral objective.
c) It allows your audience to identify what the main points of your speech topic will be.
Which of the following statements is a feature of linear format? a) It immediately develops an argument. b) Main points are not necessarily supported by data. c) It conveys speech material in a more direct and unambiguous manner. d) It is used more frequently in high-context cultures.
c) It conveys speech material in a more direct and unambiguous manner.
Which of the following statements best describes the importance of speech organization? a) It shows how much effort a speaker put toward research. b) It ensures audience agreement with your argument. c) It displays a speaker's knowledge of the speech topic and contributes toward a better audience understanding. d) It allows speakers to think "on a whim" and present their speech as ideas come to them.
c) It displays a speaker's knowledge of the speech topic and contributes toward a better audience understanding.
Which of the following is true of a wiki? a) It is edited by experts. b) It is a primary source. c) It may be useful in introducing a subject and potential sources. d) It can be relied upon for information.
c) It may be useful in introducing a subject and potential sources.
Which of the following is characteristic of primary research? a) It can make your speech seem less sincere. b) It provides enough information to comprise your research gathering process. c) It provides firsthand information toward your topic. d) It can make you as a speaker seem less reliable.
c) It provides firsthand information toward your topic.
Why is it important that a source be objective? a) It allows you to state your speech's objective more clearly. b) It allows you to identify the source's main objective. c) It removes personal beliefs on behalf of the source's author(s) and allows for more unbiased and reliable information. d) It reduces the credibility of the information and allows you to think much more critically about that source.
c) It removes personal beliefs on behalf of the source's author(s) and allows for more unbiased and reliable information.
Which of the following statements is true of oral style? a) Oral style is much more formal than written style. b) Oral style is less personal than written style. c) Oral style is more repetitive than a written style. d) Oral style is less adaptive than written style.
c) Oral style is more repetitive than a written style.
______ refers to when words, phrases, or sentences parallel or balance with one another. a) Matching b) Counteraction c) Parallelism d) Coordination
c) Parallelism
Which of the following statements is true of audience questionnaires? a) Close-ended questions display respondents' answers in their own words. b) Open-ended questions are designed to eliminate ambiguity. c) Scaled questions allow answers that reflect the degree of a respondent's view or feeling. d) Answers to close-ended questions are harder to interpret.
c) Scaled questions allow answers that reflect the degree of a respondent's view or feeling
______ research includes published statistics, texts and articles by experts, and media and personal documents. a) Tertiary b) Original c) Secondary d) Primary
c) Secondary
Which of the following describes the best way Yvonne can conclude her speech on same-sex marriage? a) She could quickly mention a counterargument that some anti-legalization groups support. b) She could quickly mention a new objective that argues for the legalization of same-sex marriage. c) She could add to the speech's memorability by including a relevant quote from a well-known LGBTQ community member. d) She could add to the speech's memorability by ranting ideas for same-sex marriage advocacy campaigns.
c) She could add to the speech's memorability by including a relevant quote from a well-known LGBTQ community member.
Which of the following is true of symbols? a) They are abstract, arbitrary, and unintentional. b) They are specific, arbitrary, and intentional. c) They are arbitrary, abstract, and intentional. d) They are abstract, specific, and unintentional.
c) They are arbitrary, abstract, and intentional.
Which of the following best describes how words can be symbols? a) Words cannot truly be symbols. b) They have to be visual images that symbolize something else. c) They can stand for, or represent, things and concepts through different meanings. d) They have to convey one distinct meaning that is understood by most people.
c) They can stand for, or represent, things and concepts through different meanings.
______ are the principles important to us; they guide what we judge to be good or bad, ethical or unethical, worthwhile or worthless. a) Concerns b) Atttiudes c) Values d) Beliefs
c) Values
"Do you think healthcare should be free: yes or no?" is an example of a/an ______ question. a) open-ended b) trick c) closed-ended d) scale
c) close-ended
Which of the following are the points of the triangle of meaning? a) the word, the symbol, and the referent b) the reference, the referent, and the timing c) the symbol or word, the thoughts and reference, and the referent d) the symbol or word, the reference, and the relationship
c) the symbol or word, the thoughts and reference, and the referent
You state three points towards the end of your introduction. Which of the following elements of a speech intro are you using? a) to capture the audience's attention b) to relate the topic to your audience c) to preview your main points d) to convey his thesis
c) to preview your main points
Which of the following is an example of transformative public speaking anxiety? a) when you only feel physical anxiety one day and mental anxiety the next b) redirecting your source of fear from one to another c) using your anxiety as a resource to build confidence d) striving to eliminate your anxiety completely
c) using your anxiety as a recourse to build confidence
Which of the following statements is exemplary of a speaker considering their audience demographics? a) A speech on teacher tenure to an audience of university students. b) A speech on retirement funds to a group of incoming college freshmen. c) An informative speech on career planning to a group of speakers over 45. d) A persuasive speech opposing minimum wage increase to an audience of social workers.
d) A persuasive speech opposing minimum wage increase to an audience of social workers
Which of the following statements best exemplifies a time consideration of a speaking situation? a) Ascertaining your speech as the first to be presented if additional speakers are sharing a program with you. b) Speaking more loudly than usual if your speech has been scheduled in the early morning. c) Drawing out some main points or 'filling in space' if it seems like you have extra time throughout your speech. d) Determining beforehand the length of time that has been prearranged for your speech.
d) Determining beforehand the length of time that has been prearranged for your speech.
Which of the following statements is true? a) Humor is typically involved in informative speeches. b) Persuasive speeches are usually less controversial than entertaining speech topics. c) Entertaining speeches are designed to teach. d) Informative speeches are often used to describe a procedure.
d) Informative speeches are often used to describe a procedure.
What does a preview do for your speech introduction? a) It prepares the audience for the final conclusion. b) It allows the speaker to get rid of nervous energy. c) It allows the audience to have an inside look at the speechmaking process. d) It articulates what the subject, purpose, and main ideas will be of your speech.
d) It articulates what the subject, purpose, and main ideas will be of your speech.
Which of the following is a characteristic of specific purposes? a) It can complicate your research in the speechmaking process. b) It can help you accomplish multiples intents and present many ideas. c) It is often ambiguous. d) It can help navigate your speech's trajectory.
d) It can help navigate your speech's trajectory.
Allison is in a state of panic. She is scheduled to give a speech at the end of the week and has been preparing her presentation for the past 3 months. Her speech topic is breakfast nutrition and, specifically, why breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Allison grew up hearing that argument all throughout grade school, and her parents even made sure that she had a big meal every morning, so she planned on including these personal experiences in her speech. Additionally, Allison was going to show TV commercials and weight-loss testimonials that all reiterated the importance of the breakfast meal. However, this morning a news article came out contesting this abiding argument and revealing its origin as from a major breakfast foods producer. What should Allison have done differently to avoid this mishap? a) She should have taken better notes. b) She should have relied more on her primary research of firsthand knowledge. c) She should have cited her source materials more carefully. d) She should have evaluated traditional research sources.
d) She should have evaluated traditional research sources
What does it mean to analyze an audience? a) Speakers should tune in to their audience and focus on one particular listener to speak directly to in an effort to reach them on a personal level. b) Speakers should try and determine the beliefs and interests of their listeners so that they can exploit that information and ensure an interesting and a rousing speech. c) Speakers should observe their audience for visual cues of any listeners who seem inattentive or uninterested. d) Speakers should assess information about your intended listeners to make sure that your speech will be appropriate for them.
d) Speakers should assess info about your intended listeners to make sure that your speech will be appropriate for them
What of the following statements best describes the notion of "reaching out to your audience"? a) Speaker's should analyze the make-up of their listeners and use that information for the next speechmaking occasion. b) Speakers should be self-centered while speech-making to appear confident and knowledgeable. c) Speakers should determine who their listeners will be and talk with them before presenting a speech. d) Speakers should consider the qualities of an audience and use that as inspiration for a speech to better understand the listeners' wants and needs.
d) Speakers should consider the qualities of an audience and use that as inspiration for a speech to better understand the listeners' wants and needs.
Which of the following statements is true of brainstorming techniques? a) They are creative indirect thinking processes b) They require careful analysis and judgement in order to be effective c) They are formal and step-by-step thinking process d) They are tools to help speakers reach "idea paralysis"
d) They are tools to help speakers reach "idea paralysis"
Presenting opposites within the same or adjoining sentences is called ______. a) understatement b) alliteration c) onomatopoeia d) antithesis
d) antithesis
Feeling positively towards a student debt forgiveness program is an example of a/an ______ a) value b) belief c) concern d) attitude
d) attitude
In the sentence, "The city is overpopulated, and hence it is difficult to find affordable housing," the word hence is which type of transition? a) contrasting transition b) complimentary transition c) chronological transition d) casual transition
d) casual transition
In the sentence, "Hillary Clinton is currently leading in the polls, although Donald Trump is not too far behind," the word although is which type of transition? a) chronological transition b) complimentary transition c) causal transition d) contrasting transition
d) contrasting transition
What are the three main systems of configural formats? a) time order, spatial order, and topical order b) specific purpose, thesis statement, and speech organization c) thesis statement, linear pattern, and narrative example d) deferred-thesis pattern, web pattern, and narrative pattern
d) deferred-thesis pattern, web pattern, and narrative pattern
After several days of deliberation, you have finally selected a topic for your upcoming speech. You know how passionate you are for providing quality education, and you also realize that you are a tech nerd. You've decided to give a speech on the benefits of online-based learning projects in the classroom. Which of the following topic-selection techniques best describes this example? a) censoring b) brainstorming c) mind mapping d) piggybacking ideas
d) piggybacking ideas
