art 100 chapter 12
For the ancient Olmecs, what was jade?
It represented plant life and rainwater.
Which of the following is true of the ivory trade?
It severely impacted the world's elephant population. It was a global network that once moved ivory around the globe.
Look at this image. What do we know about this late 15th or early 16th century ivory vessel?
It was designed to hold salt. It resembles a large European drinking glass, a goblet. It was created by sculptor of the Sapi culture in present day Sierra Leon, west Africa.
When a metal is shaped through hammer blows, it is called ______.
forging
Which of the following types of artwork does decorative arts describe
textiles, ceramics, and metalwork
The process of putting clay on the spinning disk of a potter's wheel, then shaping it with the hands, is called ______.
throwing
Referring to ceramics, textiles, metalwork, and woodwork as applied arts suggests that these objects are merely ______.
utilitarian
Because ______ is renewable, available, and easily carved, almost all civilizations, old and new, have made objects from it.
wood
When glass is heated, it becomes _______ , or melted.
molten
Look at this image. Which was an innovation of the ancient Egyptian Chair of Hetepheres?
It was portable with armrests.
When did artists working in traditional "craft" media begin to claim their place in the fine arts world?
1960s
What is the fastest method of creating a hollow, rounded form in clay?
A potter's wheel
This ivory vessel from Sierra Leone combines _______ and_______ forms and imagery.
African, European
What was the 19th-century movement that promoted the handmade object and held exhibitions of pottery, textiles, and woodworking?
Arts and Crafts movement
To shape a hollow glass vessel, an artist can dip a long metal tube into molten glass, and then do what?
Blow air into the tube to create a bubble in the glass.
Jade is known for which property?
Extreme hardness
Which substance is made from silica, or sand, which can be heated, shaped, cooled, and reheated?
Glass
Which metals may be forged cold?
Gold
Who was the most prominent advocate for the Arts and Crafts movement in the United States?
Gustav Stickley
Look at this image. How was this Chinese jade basin carved?
In high relief
What historical event threatened the future of handmade craft objects?
Industrial Revolution
Look at this image. Produced in Greece during the 16th century B.C.E. this rhyton is a metal that can be manipulated in what way?
It can be worked at room temperature.
For what reasons have artists and patrons adopted ivory as a material?
It is a luxury material. It is a easy carve intricate designs in ivory. Ivory is a resilient material.
Which material is derived from the teeth of large mammals?
Ivory
why do artists using lacquer need to exercise great patience?
Lacquer requires many layers to make a solid coat
In what ways does being hollow help a ceramic object?
Most ceramics are meant to hold things. It is hard to fire solid clay, which might explode in the kiln.
What is fiber?
Pliable, threadlike strand
What are sheets of colored glass joined together with strips of lead called?
Stained glass
Why were jade, ivory, and lacquer prized by numerous cultures?
Their rarity
What is one task of a designer?
To translate technological advances into aesthetically pleasing objects
For what is jade the common name?
Two minerals, nephrite, and jadeite
Which form of fiber art involves placing two sets of parallel fibers at right angles and interlacing one set with the other?
Weaving
For what reasons can we assume that only a small fraction of the wooden objects created over time still survive?
Wood is susceptible to insects. Wood is an organic material. Wood is susceptible to water. Wood is susceptible to fire.
According to Gustav Stickley, in industrial design, the role of a(n) ___________ is to design an object that can be made by industrial methods.
artist
The technique of melting metal to a liquid state and pouring it into a mold is called ______.
casting
which are considered to be vegetable fibers?
cotton flax raffia
