Art history 4: Exam 1

Kaufmann House

1946 Palm Springs Richard Neutra

Zeppelinfeld

A site of Nazi rallies

Synthetic Cubism

Aaron Douglas's style is a unique fusion of African art, the artist's own personal vision, and what European style?

Lobster Trap and Fish Tail

Alexander Calder, 1939

Paimio Chair

Alvar Aalto

Surrealist

Artists of which style used methods such as automatism to provoke reactions closely related to subconscious experience?

-Problems with Urbanism -Fix congestion and urban sprawl -End of the centralized city

Broadacre City

Giuseppe Terragni, Casa del Fascio, Como, Italy, 1933-1936

Built as the head quarters of the local fascist party. Planned within a perfect square and half as high as its width, demonstrating rational geometry. There a rhythmic layout with balance of open and closed spaces. The chain of glass doors allow for the demonstrate to circulate to the inner agora.

Were constructed with an emphasis on symmetry and simplicity. The often large and imposing structures.

Fascist

Säynätsalo Town Hall, Jyväskylä, Finland, Alvar Aalto, 1949-52,

Form a new center point for community through the elements of classicism blended with modernity.

Johnson Wax Headquarters

Frank Lloyd Wright

architects must design a building or structure based on what the purpose of that building will be, nothing more, no grand ornate detail, just clean lines. The three classic goals of architecture are utilitas, venustas, and firmitas, or utility, beauty, and firmness.

Functionalism

Precisionism

Georgia O'Keeffe's skyscraper paintings in the 1920s, with their simplified planes, clean lines, and abstract rhythms, were associated with what style?

Lancet window of house

In Grant Wood's iconic American Gothic, what feature in the image invokes religious piety?

Villa Savoye, Le Corbusier

International Syle

No. 49 from the Migration of the Negro

Jacob Lawrence

Dada

Jean Arp's Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance is an example of which style?

-Orderly Environment -Mechanization as both evil and good -Alienates but also encourages abstraction -Possibilities of new technologies -Goal was mass quantities of standardized, affordable housing for the working class

Le Corbusier

Wassily Chair

Marcel Breuer

Emphasis of rectangular forms and horizontal and vertical lines, Lack of ornament

Modernism

Vir Heroicus Sublimus.

Newman 1950

-Low Roofs -Open living area -Natural construction materials -No attic -No basement -Little Ornamentation if none

Plan for Modernity

Le Corbusier: The Radiant City, 1930

Propose numerous high rise buildings surrounded by green spaces. Was design is a utopia, creating a better society and lifestyle. The radiant accomplish this through strict order, symmetry, and standardization. The concept was a linear city based upon the abstraction of body parts. The high rise buildings allow for free circulation and green spaces. The planning of the city surrounded the core idea of zoning.

about the context and customs of making buildings in a particular region. These buildings had to be very performative, relying on specific knowledge of the climate, geology, geography, and topography.

Regionalism

Palace of Italian Civilization

Rome, Italy 1938-1943 Guerrini, La Padula and Romano Rationalism

to destabilize the divides between dreams and reality, between objectivity and subjectivity

Surrealism

Bauhaus School

This school of art, architecture, and design, founded in 1919 at Weimar, Germany..The teaching staff consisted of architects, artists, and designers who worked together to blend the study of fine arts with applied arts. Their goal was to train arist, architect, and deisigners to accept and anicipate the 20th century needs.

Pioneer Days and Early Settlers

Thomas Hart Benton

designed to be imposing and large in size to portray a sense of power, majesty and virility. Its most notable exponents were Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, Imperial Japan and the Soviet Union.

Totalitarianism

-Addresses patients needs of individual are and social interaction - Every building should have terrace -Roll beds onto balcony - Design reacted to the climates minimal amount of sunlight - Windows oriented South to maximize light Corridors on the north - The forest gives a guideline to the height of the building Sperate wings per department

Tuberculosis Sanatorium

-Automobile and home ownership promote democratic values -Single Story on Concrete Slab and Car port -Prefabricated Materials Lack of Ornamentaion

Usonian Elements

Broadacre City

What city plan was developed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1922 and featured every home situated in 1 acre parcels?

void

What element does sculptor Barbara Hepworth make as important in abstract sculpture as its mass?

Hannah Höch

Which Dada artist is known as a master of photomontage?

Marcel Duchamp

Which Dada artist modified mass-produced objects into "readymades" given the status of art in the eyes of viewers?

Marcel Duchamp

Which French artist played a significant role in American art history, exhibiting the controversial Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 in the Armory Show and figuring prominently in New York Dada?

Frank Lyod Wright, Herbert Jacob's House, modernism, Madison, WI, Usonian, 1936

Wright envisioned the cities of the future with homes that were affordable and private.

intended both to impress and to intimidate, to impose discipline and to build a sense of community. The massive use of banners was part of the overall design. They were to symbolize the continuous presence of power.

Zeppelinfield

Guernica

a Spanish town that was brutally bombed and was full of innocent civilians it was supposed to encourage fear, Picasso painted a famous painting capturing Guernica

American Gothic, Grant Wood

regionalism

The Persistence of Memory, Salvador Dali

surrealism