Art History 4 Midterm
Surrealism
A 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind, for example by the irrational juxtaposition of images.
Rationalism
A belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than on religious belief or emotional response
Organicism
A belief that society operates like an organism or living entity, the whole being more than a collection of its individual parts
Modernism
A cultural movement embracing human empowerment and rejecting traditionalism as outdated. Rationality, industry, and technology were cornerstones of progress and human achievement.
What is Art Moderne?
A design style that appeared in the late 1920s with rounded corners, a combination of traditional materials with concrete and steel for a sleek and shiny look.
Which statement best summarizes Frank Lloyd Wright's main argument in "Broadacre City" ?
A house should be on a minimum of one acre per family, should be individualized and should give relief from the overly congested city.
Philip Johnson's Glass House demonstrates which attributes of Geometric Modernism for interior domestic architecture?
A minimalist machine aesthetic, open plan and integrated outside and inside
Brutalism
Architectural style characterized by bold forms, harsh proportions, and rough materials such as exposed concrete, steel and wood.
According to Harwood, May and Sherman, Geometric Modernism after World War II differed from the generation before World War II because only in the post-war era did architects
Avoid politics, but embrace the simplicity, geometry, rectilinear grids and regularity
Lewis Mumford's attitude toward Stuyvesant Town was?
Concern over the congestion, repetition and lack of adequate lighting.
Which of the women architects listed below is associated with Le Corbusier and Parisian Modernists in the 1930s?
Eileen Gray
Which statement best summarizes CIAM's main argument in the portion of The Athens Charter in your treatise packet?
Emphasis on individual housing units leads to inefficient density and overly congested urban centers. Instead of single-family houses, you should have high-rise living.
The brutality and roughness of materiality in the sculpture of Le Corbusier or the Smithsons, as well as in the art of Giacometti, Bacon and Dubuffet relates to a Post-World War 2 crisis known as?
Existentialism.
Le Corbusier's compositions of the 1950s introduce the following concepts EXCEPT:
Expressed structure based on the I-Beams
Grant Wood's Revolt against the City is closest to the ideas of which architect?
Frank Lloyd Wright
Which architect was deliberately left OUT of the 1932 exhibit at MoMA of the International Style?
Frank Lloyd Wright
What is a Usonian house?
Frank Lloyd Wright's smaller, economical houses for middle-class Americans.
Which best describes Mies van der Rohe's approach to design as evident in Chicago?
He executed rational, orderly projects using steel as his primary building material that was also expressed on the exterior.
Wright likened his design for Fallingwater to a respiratory system, with space like the body breathing in from nature while at the same time exhaling into nature. Which aspect of his interior design best relates to this design intention?
He incorporates exterior materials like flagstone floors and access from the living room into a natural swimming pool
Which statement best describes how Picasso conveyed horror in the painting Guernica?
He muted the colors and used cubist fragments to reflect devastation.
Art Moderne
Its architectural style emphasized curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements.
The "Glass Boxes" of Geometric Modernism are most closely connected to what architectural idea?
Mies van der Rohe: Less is More
Art Deco combines what two movements?
Modernism and Surrealism
In comparison to Italian Fascist architecture, Speer's interior for his Chancellery used
More traditional furnishings, opulent materials and elements designed to impress.
Le Corbusier took inspiration for interior finishings and fittings at Villa Savoye from what source?
Oceanliners
In contrast to Ville Radieuse, the signatories of the Doorn Manifesto prioritized all of the following attributes of a city EXCEPT:
Separation of transportation from habitable spaces
What message did Vera Mukhina convey in her work entitled The Worker and the Collective Farm Worker?
She glorified the communal labor of the Soviet people
Philip Johnson's treatise demonstrates that he most admired?
Structural honesty based on exposing or emphasizing the position and character of the beams and girders.
According to John Entenza, the purpose of the Case Study House program was to?
Take a site, develop it for a single client, using affordable materials and forms that could be duplicated for other users.
Skidmore, Owings and Merrill stood out from other firms because of which element of their organization?
The fact that they had separate departments for all elements of architecture, design and building united in one corporate structure.
According to Louis Kahn, the architect's process begins with a recognition of
The requirements of the space.
The designer of Casa del Fascio believed that architecture must have evident
The spirit of the age and place in which it is constructed
According to the video, Fascist leaders greeted Le Corbusier's proposal for the Radiant City with what sort of response?
They were enthusiastic about his plans and invited him to meet with them.
Josef Albers had what intent in his Homage to the Square series?
To explore the creation of space through the use of color.
A nonobjective work refers to work that ____.
has no reference to the external appearance of the physical world
John Cage encouraged his students to link their art to which of the following?
life
Although vastly different in form, Harwood, May and Sherman find that Wright's New York Guggenheim Museum, Eero Saarinen's TWA building, and Le Corbusier's Notre Dame du Ronchamp are similar in their...
sculptural relationship to their sites.
