Art History Ch 1-8 Quizzes 1-3

Voussoirs were wedge-shaped stones used to make an arch first developed by _________ architects.

Etruscan

A lamassau was a winged human-header bull that guarded the city gates of Egyptian cities.

False

Cycladic sculptors mainly focused on female figures dressed in elaborate royal gowns and figures of nude musicians.

False

Early Greek builders drew upon 3 sources of inspiration: Egypt, Mycenae, and Mesopotamian architecture.

False

Homer's "The Iliad" and "The odyssey" were written during the classical period.

False

Paleolithic paintings are typically found at the entrances of the caves.

False

Sacred pictorial writing is called cuneiform.

False

Stonehenge, a dolmen structure found in England, was constructed of megalithic stone blocks dragged from a quarry twenty miles away and others from 2000 miles away.

False

The Minoans give us the first "pure" seascape in Art History.

False

The doric column has a base and its capital is based on an acanthus leaf design

False

The portrait bust was introduced in Egypt during the Fourth Dynasty of the New Kingdom.

False

Since Paleolithic people were nomadic, they did not bury their dead.

False.

The belly-handled amphora was typically used to house a male's remains in a funerary context, as a container or grave marker.

False.

The first wall paintings painted on a man-made surface are found in Jericho.

False. They were found in Catul Hayuk

Corbelling is a building technique in which precisely cut stones are stacked at angles forming an angular spiral to complete a ziggurat.

False; to complete a beehive stone

During the New Stone Age we witness a transition from nomadic practices to:

Farming

_____________was the greatest figure from the first Babylonian flowering.

Hammurabi

Nebuchadnezzar II's great palace, with its famous ___________, also features the glazed brick Ishtar Gate.

Hanging Gardens.

A group of light-hearted sculptures together with a series of works depicting un-idealized and realistic everyday life are known as _______ realism

Hellenistic

The Egyptian writing system or _________, was considered sacred pictorial writing.

Hieroglyphics

When the ____________ were expelled and Egypt entered a final period of cultural and economic prosperity, known as the New Kingdom.

Hyksos

The first architect known by name was:

Imhotep

The Erechtheum is also located at the Acropolis. It is the finest example of the _________ order.

Ionic

Cuneiform, which means ________, is _________ writing.

wedge-shaped; Sumerian

Etruscan temples were constructed out of _________ and included a cell divided into _______ compartments.

wood; three

A kouros, or _________, was a sculpture used as a votive offering and a grave marker.

youth

Egyptians considered the king as Horus' manifestation on earth, providing the physical body for the royal life force _____, the spirit.

Ka

A minoan pottery style famou for its design pattern of movement and high quality was known as:

Kamares ware

__________________________ is the earliest surviving image of a historic personage identified by name.

King Narmer

______________ were sculptures of females that replace columns on some Greek temples.

Kore

The Great Sphinx is carved out of:

Living rock

The doric and ionic orders emerged during the Archaic Period.

True

The process of restoring orthodoxy in religion and art began soon after Tutankhamen (tut), Akhenaten's son, ascended to the throne in Egypt.

True

The royal tomb at Mycenae was excavated by the archeologist Heinrich Schliemann in 1876.

True

The Stele of Naram-sin is an example of the hieratic scale developed by the Sumerians.

True.

Like architects, Hellenistic sculptors engaged the audience in the experience of their work, and favored dramatic subjects infused with _________.

emotion

On the temple of Hera I, the swelling effect of the columns is called _________.

entasis

The Orientalizing Period in Greek culture is considered to be:

experimental

Cycladic pottery was made of terracotta and known as ___________ vessels.

frying pan

The center of the Cretan community was a _________ __________, which were not only a royal residence but also a center of administration.

great palace

At Mycenae's gate, the two lionesses stand in a ____________ pose (mirror images of each other), flanking a tapering Minoan column.

heraldic

The Sumerians also developed a device known as the ___________, a way to distinguish more important figures with size.

hieratic scale.

During the Neolithic period, several megaliths were constructed in Europe, megalith means ______________.

huge blocks of stone

A maider, or _______, was a sculpture used as a votive offering and a grave marker.

kore

A ____________, which means bench in Arabic, was an early form of an Egyptian tomb.

mastaba

The center of Mycenaean palace was the audience hall known as the:

megaron

Assyrian palaces had walls covered with limestone slabs ____________ decorated with reliefs carved to record the Assyrian battles.

orthostats

In large temples, a colonnade or ____________ surrounds the cella on porches.

peristyle

The dominant architectural form of a Sumerian city was known as a ziggurat, the __________ for the temple.

platform

Some megaliths were mounted in a __________ arrangement which consisted of two upright stones supporting a horizontal capstone.

post and lintel

In Mesopotamia, the period that parallels the Pre-dynastic period in Egypt is known as:

proto-literate

Entering the complex at Karnak, a visitor walked through massive __________ or gateways built as monuments to individual kings.

pylons

Mesopotamia, the land between_________ is located in modern day _____________.

rivers; Iraq

In Egyptian burial practices, the mummified body is placed within a __________ (a stone coffin)

sarcophagus

Painted plaster covered skulls found in Jericho were believed to serve as:

spirit traps

A ___________ is an upright marker stone.

stele

The Doric temple rests on an elevated platform, normally approached by three steps, known as the _______ and the ________.

stereobate; stylobate.

What early work of art sets the standards of Egyptian art?

the Palette of King Narmer

The Oalette of King Narmer celebrates:

the victory of Upper Egypt over lower egypt

In 323 BC, _____________________, introducing a Greek presence in ancient Egypt, conquered Egypt.

Alexander the Great

The ___________ culture was a thriving Neolithic culture, enjoying the maritime climate.

Cycladic

At Tarquinia, Italy Etruscan tombs consist of chamber sunk into the earth with a steep underground ___________ or entrance corridor

dromos

On the Doric column, the capital includes the abacus and the:

echinus

_______________ seals were cylindrical objects usually made of stone, with a hole running through the center from end to end. The seals were rolled over moist clay leaving a detailed impression.

Cylinder

______________ vases served as grave markers and libation vessels.

Dipylon

The step pyramid at Saquarra was built by:

Djoser

The _______ ________ Period in sculpture is known as the "Severe Style" since works from this period exhibit greater naturalism and do not have the archaic smile.

Early classical.

Aegean Art forms are linked to _______ and Near Eastern Art.

Egyptian

A great example of a Doric temple is the Parthenon located at the ________ (the highest part of the city)

Acropolis

__________ were sculptures made of terra cotta and placed on temple roofs.

Acroteria

Prehistoric paintings were first recognized in 1878 at the __________ cave in Spain.

Altamira

On first assessing the ____________ paintings, experts declared them too advanced to be authentic and dismissed them as a hoax.

Altamira.

Artists signatures first appear during the ________ period of Greek art.

Archaic

Which of these is not hound on Greek temples.

Arches

Akhenaten introduced monotheism and the _________ Style of art to Egyptian culture during the New Kingdom.

Armana

_____________ is the combining of materials and objects to make one sculpture.

Assemblage.

The Ishtar Gate, originally located in _________, is made of glazed brick, first developed in ____________.

Babylon; Assyria

The Archaic vase painting style that favors a 2-D, decorative effect was the _______ style.

Black figure

The Great Ziggurat at Ur has thick ________ (vertical supporting elements) articulating the wall, giving them an impression of strength.

Buttresses

Some scholars believe that the oldest religious shrines are located in the houses at:

Catul Hayuk

The main room in a Sumerian temple is called a:

Cella

_____________ images were created out of pre-existing forms and shapes in rock outcrops or surfaces of cave walls.

Chance

The ___________ capital includes an acanthus leaf design and was primarily used indoors.

Corinthian

The greeks believed that ___________ could define the rational order inherent in the universe and the notion of a universal harmony governed by the rules of architecture and art.

Mathematics

The "Toreador Fresco" gives us an insight into a bull vaulting game linked to ______ religious life.

Minoan

The minoans were named after the fabled King _________ who was, it is thought the ruler on the island of Crete.

Minos

Beehive tombs are found in:

Mycenae

______________ fortifications were constructed using Cyclopean masonry, suggesting that only a creature as mighty as the Cyclops could life the blocks into place.

Mycenaean.

A ___________, or city of the dead, consisted of tombs called mastabas; each mastaba had a sealed room called a ___________ that housed a statue of the deceased.

Necropolis; serdab

In Etruscan town planning, the cardo refers to the main thoroughfare that runs:

North and South

Greek artists first begin to assimilate Near Eastern and Egyptian influences during the _________ period.

Orientalizing.

_________________ refers to the act of suffering with restraint and nobility.

Pathos

The "animal style" was a feature of:

Persian Art

______________ commissioned more architectural projects than any other Egyptian king.

Ramses II

The Archaic vase painting that favors a 3-D, realistic effect was the ________ style.

Red figure

The best preserved of the New Kingdom tombs is the funerary temple of the female pharaoh Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahri, built by her architect ___________.

Senemut

The art of the unsettled period is fascinating in its variety of subject and experimentation.

The Middle Kingdom

A local god and a human ruler governed Sumerian city-states from a temple. This form of government is known as:

Theocratic Socialism

A dolmen is a ________.

Tomd

A hypostyle hall was building with a roof supported by many columns, like the ones found at Luxor and Karnak.

True

After Sargon I breaks the traditional link between Sumerian city-states with their local gods, Sumerian art's main task was to glorify the king.

True

At the Parthenon, a porch of six columns mediated entry into to the cella, and to the opisthonoas (rear room) of the building.

True

Eighteenth Dynasty pharaohs did not build pyramids.

True

Etruscan art is direct and vivid.

True

Etruscan artists preferred to work with terra cotta and bronze.

True

Nebuchadnezzar II built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

True

One purpose of the portrait statues found in funerary temples and mastabas is to house the Ka.

True

Rythmos refers to composition and movement.

True

Some of the paintings in caves are accompanied by human hand "stamps" usually shown in negative silhouette.

True

Sumerians invented writing, the wheel, the plow and the casting of tools as well as beer.

True

Symmetria refers to proportion and structure.

True

The bearded bull was a symbol of Mesopotamian royal power.

True

The builders of Stonehenge carved holes out of he capstones to fit them snugly over projections on the uprights (forming a mortise and tendon joint), to make a stable structure.

True

The purpose of the Archaic smile was to :

add a human touch

The decorative use of animal motifs in abstract and imaginative ways is known as the:

animal style

The most striking images of Paleolithic art are the painted, incised, or sculpted __________ on rock surfaces of caves.

animals

At Persepolis, reliefs embellishing the platform of the huge audience hall, or _________, and its double stairway, proclaim the theme of harmony and integration across the multicultural empire.

apadana

Athenians were the first people to record and write about:

artists and writers

At the palace of Knossos, some walls were constructed of __________ masonry (cut and dressed stone), which gave them a more ornamental appearance.

ashlar

The freestanding sculpture of the Archaic evolved into a more realistic interpretation of the human form through ___________, or balanced non-symmetry as seen for the first time in the "Kritios boy"

contrapposto