ASD
Dehumidification / Ventilation
Reducing (Exchanging) moisture content of air
Structural Cavity Drying Systems
(SCDS) vented (turbovents 18" - 48" widths' Octidry; Air Wolf injected (Injectidry; Dri-Force; Direct-it In)
Permeance
A measure of water flow through material(s) of specific thickness.
Air
Atmospheric reading are recorded on the Record of Drying Conditions (also called the Daily Humidity Record) and used to calculate other important properties of the _______________ being monitored.
Non-Invasive
A _________________ moisture meter tracks the migration of water below hard finish surfaces, such as under vinyl tile or ceramic tile.
Endotoxin
A portion of the outer cell wall of some gram-negative bacteria. When ingested or respired, endotoxins can cause fever, changes in white blood cell counts, increased airways, resistance, shock and even death.
Mycotoxin
A potentially harmful metabolite produced by some fungi, especially molds.
Temperature, Relative Humidity
A thermo-hygrometer is used to monitor any air that can influence the ________________ and/or ________________ _________________ within a restorative drying environment.
Air Filtration Devices
AFDs (negative air machines; air scrubbers; HEPA filters)
S520
ANSI/IICRC _______ - Standard and Reference Guide for Professional Most Remediation.
Qualified Personnel
According to OSHA, asbestos must be handled and removed only by qualified personnel.
Migration Through The Structure
After safety concerns have been addressed and the initial water source has been stopped, the restorer must complete an evaluation of the water's ________________________________________.
15 to 45
Air movers are directed toward the wall at a ______ degree to ________ degree angle, depending upon the type of air mover.
lower
Air processed by a dehumidifier should always be _______________ humidity ratio than the affected air.
S500
All restorers should follow the standard of care for the water restoration profession developed by the restoration industry entitled the IICRC _________.
51,000 850 x 60
An 850 CFM AFD processes _____________ cubic feet per hour.
Can
An older style of wall finishing is lath and plaster. This is a very durable installation and _________ be dried if air is injected into the airspace behind.
Identified, Documented, Communicated
As with preexisting damage, primary and secondary damage need to be properly identified, documented and communicated to the appropriate parties.
ACM
Asbestos containing materials are also known by the acronym __ __ __.
before
At the conclusion of the project, AFDs should be sealed ____________________ the unit's fan is turned off. This prevents the particles trapped in the filters from recontaminating the environment.
BREAK BREAK
BREAK BREAK
amps x volts x 3.4
BTUs per hour formula
Vapor Pressure
Because desiccant dehumidifiers do not use condensation to remove water, they are not limited by low dew point temperatures; therefore, they produce the lowest ________________ _______________ of any dehumidifier.
12,000 Hour
British Thermal Units are often expressed in increments of ______________ BTCs per _____________, or one "ton" of heating or air conditioning.
HEPA
If inter-air drying systems are used on negative pressure and there is concern of contamination inside the cavity, ensure that the air output of the air mover is ________________ filtered.
Catetroy 2
Category of Water that is contaminated; may cause discomfort or sickness (Grey)
Category 3
Category of Water that is grossly contaminated; includes toxins, pathogens
Category 1
Category of Water that originates from sanitary water source (Clean)
Class 4
Class of water - Hardwood; plaster; concrete - Deep pockets of saturation
Class 2
Class of water that has large amount of water, absorption and evaporation (carpet; cushion; base of walls)
Class 1
Class of water that has least amount of water, absorption and evaporation
Class 3
Class of water that is the greatest amount of water, absorption and evaporation (ceiling; walls; insulation; flooring)
Carpet Underlay
Cleaning procedures must be employed before the drying of a category 2 water loss can continue. At a minimum affected __________________________ must be removed and disposed of, and carpet must be thoroughly cleaned using a hot water extraction (160 degrees or higher)
20
Commerical is generally ___ amp
55
Conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers under normal temperatures are effective in reducing high humidity to a normal level - approximately 40% RH, or about _______ GPP.
Negative, Living Area
Crawspaces are commonly unclean; when dried, they are held under a __________________________ air pressure relative to the _______________ _________________ of the house to prevent volatile organic compounds and particulate from entering the air space above.
Heat Drying Systems
Creates lower RH; requires rapid and massive ventilation of wet air to the exterior; increases rate of evaporation by increasing the surface temperature of wet materials.
Types of damages from moisture in wood
Cupping; crowning; buckling; heaving
Primary Damage
Damage sustained as a result of direct exposure with water.
Secondary Damage
Damage sustained from indirect or prolonged exposure to disaster contaminats.
Primary Damage
Damage that occurs immediately by direct contact with water is referred to as ____________ ____________.
Refrigerants
Dehumidifiers that are most efficient operating conditions 70-90 degrees (most energy efficient)
Desiccants
Dehumidifiers that are most efficient with incoming air from coolest/driest air possible; capable of creating pressure differentials; produces low specific humidity required to dry Class 4 materials.
dense
Desiccant dehumidifiers have many applications in restorative drying, but they are most commonly used to dry ___________ materials such as hardwood floors, plaster and lath walls, or other dense materials.
Reactivation Outside Pressure Differential
Desiccant dehumidifiers produce damp _____________________ air, which must be vented ________________ the structure using temporary ducting. This venting often results in a __________________ ______________ in the drying environment.
Thermo-hygromter
Determines temperature / RH in all required atmospheric areas of inspection; helps determine open or closed drying system; further determines dehumidifier requirements after initial placement.
Steel Studs, Bay Windows, Multiple Layers, & Vapor Barrier or Retardant
Difficult-to-Dry construction can include: _________ _________, which can hold water in the bottom "C" channel. _________ _________, greater number of wall studs, laminated beams, etc. _________ _________ of affected material (retaining more moisture) __________ _________ or _________ surfaces/materials.
C
Difficult-to-dry construction can include steel studs, which can hold moisture in bottom ______ channel.
Open Closed Combination
Drying Systems
Vapor Pressure
Elevating the temperature of a material will increase the _______________ _______________ associated with the moisture in the material.
Initial
Equipment formulas are intended for ________________ installation only.
Airmovers
Evaporation Tool - centrifugal (laminar); axial (high-amperage; low amperage; focus ability)
Wet materials are made warmer When drier air is used, and When air is moved more rapidly across the wet surface.
Evaporation will increase when
7.48 8.34
Every cubic foot of standing water present in a structure contains _______ gallons and each gallon of water weighs _______ pounds.
Examples of Category 1
Examples of Category 1 water include broken water supply lines, tub or sink overflows with no contaminants, and appliance malfunctions involving water supply lines.
Examples of Category 3
Examples of Category 3 sources include discharge from toilet trap (from the sewer or septic system), and intrusions from the surface of ground water into the structure (flood waters)
Self-Propelled Tools
Extraction Tool - (Rober; Xtreme Xtractor) - Riding Tool; multi-speed; extract carpet and cushion.
Vacuum Squeegee
Extraction Tool - Concrete; hardwood; vinyl; laminate;
Light Wand
Extraction Tool - Perimeter of water loss; extract glue-down carpets
Stationary Tool (Water Claw)
Extraction Tool - Subsurface Tool; Extract Carpet and Cushion.
Evaporation
Extraction and Evaporation are the only ways water can be removed from a wet structure.
Pints of Water Per Day
Grain depressing x CFM / 71 = __________________________.
CMF
Grain depression and _________________ can be used to estimate water removal in a common measurement, such as pints of water in a 24-hour period.
Efficiency 99.97%
HEPA (high ________________________ particulate air) media is designed to capture ____________________% of particles down to 0.3 microns in size.
12,000
HVAC removes _________ BTUs per ton.
BTUs (British Thermal Units)
Heat generated by electrical device.
Equalize
Hygroscopic materials gain and lose moisture continually in an effort to ____________ with the water content in the surrounding air.
Balanced Drying
Ideal drying situation in which the rate of evaporation is equal to or slightly less than the rate of dehumidification or ventilation.
80
If a 100 amp service is available in a structure, only ___________ amps of power should be used.
Warm the Material
If a material is not drying well, what would be the most effective method of increasing evaporation? A. Use air filtration B. Warm the material C. Add more airflow
Desiccant
If a structure cannot be warmed to a temperature where LGRs would be effective, the most efficient type of dehumidifier to use would be: refrigerant / desiccant
Desiccant
If a structure had affected air at 75 degrees at 25% RH, the most efficient type of dehumidifier to use would be a (choose one): refrigerant / desiccant
Refrigerant
If a structure had affected air at 85 degrees at 65% RH, the most efficient type of dehumidifier to use would be a (choose one): refrigerant / desiccant
Flushing
If a structure has high humidity (above 60% RH), consider flushing the structure to drier outside air, or bring dehumidification into the affected area during extraction.
Carpet Cushion
If deep extraction is not available, the _________ _________ must be removed to prevent lengthy drying times.
Psychrometry
Study of the relationship between air, humidity, and temperature and their effect on various materials and comfort levels.
Structure Ventilation Fans Open Windows Using Air Movers
If opening drying is determined appropriate the following options (while keeping building security in mind) are available to the restorer. *________________ *________________ *________________
.70
If saturated wood is 76 degrees and air over the surface is 80 degrees at 20% RH, the vapor pressure differential between the wood and the air is approximately __________.
Cooler, Warmer
If surfaces are _______________ than the dew point of the surrounding air, water will condense on those surfaces and possibly cause secondary damage. If surfaces are _______________ than the dew point of the surrounding air, evaporation can occur.
10
If the air entering a dehumidifier is 80 degrees at 30% RH and the processed air from that dehumidifier is 90 degrees at 15% RH, what is the grain depression of the dehumidifier? _______________________
Begin Warming
If the structure is cold (below 70 degrees), begin _______________ the area. This can be done by simply turning on the heat in the structure, or adding a heating device.
Dew
If the surface temperature of the material is higher than the _______________ point temperature of the surrounding air, evaporation may occur.
1
In a 1200 SF structure with 8' ceilings, how many 720 CFM air filtration devices would be needed to achieve 4 ACHs?
10 - 16
In a water loss with saturated materials, air movers are initially placed every ______' - _______' along the wall.
Humidity Ratio
In the restorative drying industry the weight measurement used to measure water vapor in air is grains per pound of air, abbreviated as GPP. This is called _______________ _______________.
Over 20% MC
In wood destructive (dry rot) fungal growth
28-30% MC
In wood fiber saturation (wet rot)
Over 16% MC
In wood non-destructive (non-rotting) fungal growth
Desiccant
Initial Dehumidification Calculations Class 1 = 1 ACH Class 2 = 2 ACH Class 3 = 3 ACH Class 4 = 2 ACH
Conventional
Initial Dehumidification Calculations Class 1 = 100 Class 2 = 40 Class 3 = 30 Class 4 = N/A
LGR
Initial Dehumidification Calculations Class 1 = 100 Class 2 = 50 Class 3 = 40 Class 4 = 50
Respond Quickly
Initially the most critical course of action in restorative drying is to ___________ ____________.
Moisture
Insulated pins are able to detect moisture content gradients in materials. Moisture content gradients are difference in _______________ in different areas of a single material.
Open Drying
Intentionally exchanging indoor with outdoor air without using dehumidifiers. Requires constant monitoring; above 80 degrees microbial growth highly probable. Requires rapid exhausting of wet air; concerns of reaching dew point temperature.
Moisture Meter
Invasive and non-invasive; determines moisture content; establish, monitor and determine when dry standards are met.
Efficient
LGRs are more energy __________________________ than other dehumidifiers in most drying situations.
34
LGRs will continue to remove significant water vapor down to _______ GPP.
Special Situation
Losses where regulated or hazardous materials have contaminated the structure are considered ____________ ____________.
60
Many building materials will absorb excess water vapor and suffer damage, especially when air is allowed to remain above ________ % relative humidity
Flat
Many materials in the build environment are quite permeable. These include _______________ and semi-gloss paint, rebound padding under carpet, and carpeting.
Hygroscopic
Material that readily absorbs and retains moisture or water vapor from air in a attempt to reach equilibrium.
1
Materials with permeance ratings of less than _____________________ are referred to as vapor retarding materials (sometimes referred to as vapor barriers).
Should
Means that the practice or procedure is a critical procedure to be followed, but not required by natural law or legal requirements.
Recommended
Means that the practice or procedure is advised or suggested, while not a part of the standard of care.
Shall
Means that the practice or procedure is mandatory due to natural laws or legal requirements.
IEP (Indoor Environmental Professional
Microbiology - Specialized Experts may be required
Advised, Suggested
Recommended means that the practice or procedure is _________ or _________, while not a part of the standard of care.
Moisture
Non-invasive moisture meters can give false positive readings on suspect materials for a number of reasons - most often because of _______________ hidden within or behind the material being monitored.
AHAM Rating
On dehumidification equipment it is the pints removed at 80 degrees and 60% humidity in 24 hours.
Heated Airflow
One of the most effective methods of drying wet wood under hard surfaces is. A. Heated Airflow B. Demolition of the Wood C. Negative Air Pressure
14
One pound of air is about ____________ cubic feet.
Sublimation
Phase-transition in which a solid is transformed into a gas while bypassing the intermediate liquid phase (e.g. dry ice; freeze drying)
1 per 10-16 linear ft. of wall area; 15-45 degree focus; almost touching wall.
Placement of Airmovers
Saturation
Point at which air or materials can absorb no more moisture; point at which drying stops; point at which air temperature has reached dew point (100% RH)
Exfiltration
Positive air pressures are created by adding air to a space. Whenever air is added to a space, an inequality is created in the air pressure. These inequality will result in the _____________________ of air into neighboring air space.
volts x amps x 24 hours = watts / 1000 = kw x cost per kw per day
Power Consumption Formula
Vapor Pressure
Pressure on surfaces exerted by substances in a gaseous state; directly related to (reduced through) dehumidification.
Grain Depression
Reduction of specific humidity (grains; gpp) as noted in difference from ambient air to output on dehumidifier, and as well noted in other area differentials (e.g., inside air - outside air; affected air - unaffected air; ambient air - HVAC register output) showing moisture removal.
Special Situation
Regulated or hazardous materials
Principles of Drying
Remove excess / Evaporation / Dehumidification (Ventilation) / Temperature Control
Front
Repositioning air movement to the wettest areas should be a daily activity. Begin wall inspections in _______________ of airmovers and reposition as needed.
15
Residental is generally ___ amp
Sanitary Subfloor Dehumidification
Restorers use aggressive drying methods when all the following are true: The water intrusion came from a _____________ source (Category 1) Drying carpet and underlay (pad, cushion) in place will not cause structural damage to _____________ (especially hardwood). Adequate _______________ is available and usable on site. Deep extraction tools are available.
Communicated, Eliminated
Safety Hazards should be _______________ and _______________ as mush as possible.
Dimensional Changes, Loss of Structural Integrity, and Microbial Growth
Secondary damage includes:
Moisture Sensor
Senses moisture in materials over 17% MC; helps determine perimeter of water damage; unable to determine which layer is wet or when dry.
Delamination
Separation of the primary and secondary backings; laminate strength loss up to 85% when wet.
Mandatory
Shall means that the practice or procedure is ____________ due to natural laws or regulatory requirements.
Accepted Standard of Care
Should Means that the practice or procedures is part of the __________________________________.
Noninvasive
Some common building components that influence a _______________ meter's accuracy are: Corner bead on gypsum wallbaord (plasterboard) Metal Studs HVAC ducting Plumbing Insulation with foil Lining
Type of Wood Flooring
Stip wood, plank wood, engineered - laminated wood, parquet
Negative
Strong _________________ air pressure can cause combustion appliance exhaust to back draft into the structure.
Desiccant
Temperature - 32 degrees Relative Humidity - 10% - below Specific Humidity (gpp) - 10-15 - below
Conventional
Temperature - 33 degrees Relative Humidity - 40% Specific Humidity (gpp) - 55-60
Low Grain Refrigerant (LGR)
Temperature - 40 degrees Relative Humidity - 30% Specific Humidity (gpp) - 28-35
Standard Refrigerant
Temperature - 68 degress Relative Humidity - 60% Specific Humidity (gpp) - 55-60
Dry bulb temperature
Temperature registered by a thermometer.
80%
The National Electric Code (NEC) states that no more than _______________ % of the amperage available on a circuit can ever be used continuously.
Cooler
The ___________________ and drier the air going into the desiccant, the drier the air will be going out.
Permeance
The ability for water vapor to diffuse through a solid material is expressed as the materials's _______________.
Amperes (amperage or amps)
The amount of electricity (current) flowing in a circuit
Watts
The amount of electricity an electrical devices uses when operating
Relative Humidity
The amount of moisture in a given volume of air, expressed as a percentage of the total moisture holding capacity of that volume of air, at a given temperature. As temperature increases, humidity 'relative' to the total air volume decreases; conversely, as temperature decreases, RH increases.
Before Work Begins
The contract should be signed ____________________________.
Air
The desiccant factors are the number of __________________ exchanges per hour (ACH) needed for each class of losss.
Voltage
The force of electricity flow in a circuit
Directly Related
The greater the weight of water vapor of water vapor, the greater the vapor pressure; therefore vapor pressure, dew point and humidity ration (GPP) are _______________ _______________ to each other.
3.4
The heat produced by drying equipoment can be estimated: Amps x Volts x ________ = BTUs per Hours.
Identifying, Stopping
The initial inspection procedure begins with _______________ and _______________ the source of water intrusion.
Conductivity
The invasive moisture meter operates on the principle of electrical resistance or _______________.
Acclimation Limits Battery Soiled
The most common causes of inaccurate thermo-hygrometer reading are. Insufficient _______________ time. Temperature or RH ____________ of the probe being used. Weak ____________ _____________ probe
Extraction
The most effective way to speed the drying process is to remove as much of the water in a liquid state as possible during the _______________ phase. Poor extraction will significantly slow the drying process.
Left
The most important factor in extraction is how much water is ________ behind.
Moisture Sensor
The perimeter is found in carpeted surfaces using a ____________ ____________.
Evaporation
The process of changing a liquid to a vapor
Assessment, Documentation, Controlled Drying, Selective Replacment
The restorative drying process:
Safety Hazards
The technician's first responsibility when arriving at a water damage site is to identify ____________ ____________.
Dew Point
The temperature at which humidity in air reaches saturation (100% RH) and will condense from that air to form condensation or dew on surfaces.
Pre-existing, Primary, Seconardy
The three types of damage the restorer will need to identify is ________________, _______________, and _______________.
Edge
The ultimate goal is to find the "_________" of water migration, which moves in a three-dimensional path throughout the structure.
.75
The vapor pressure of a saturated material with a surface temperature of 70 degrees would be approximately _______________.
Specific Humidity (humidity ratio)
The weight of suspended moisture in air expressed in grains per pound (gpp) of dry air (14 cubic feet of dry air equals one pound) (7000 grains of water vapor equals one pound of water. As specific humidity (humidity ratio) changes, there is a corresponding change in vapor pressure on the surrounding environment.
Temperature
Thermal imaging cameras detect surface _______________ differences. A thermal imaging camera is often used to detect areas that may be wet.
In-place, Full Float, Partial Float
Three drying methods for carpet.
Stretch-In, Direct Glue-Down, Double Glue Down
Three installation methods for carpet.
Cubic 80 Degrees - 60 % RH for 24 hours divided by (/) times (x) Minimum - Minimum
To determine how many dehumidifiers to place: Determine the _____________ feet affected or volume of air to be dehumidified by multiplying the area's length x width x height. Note the dehumidifier rating (Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, or AHAM, rating) of the refrigerant/LGR dehumidifier being used, or the process-out CFM of the desiccant dehumidifier being used. Dehumidifiers' AHAM rating are measured in pints of water removed at ______ degree, ______ % RH for ______ hours. Once the factor has been identified, using the following formula for LGRs and conventional refrigerants: Imperial: cubit ft. ______ factor = AHAM pints required. For desiccant dehumidifiers, use the formula: Imperial: factor _______ cubic ft. / 60 = CFM required. The product of the formula represents the ______________ CFM (desiccants) or AHAM pints (refrigerants) required. This total is then compared to the dehumidifier's published rating. The appropriate number of dehumidifiers is then installed to ensure that the ________ requirement is met.
Shortest, Largest
To increase extraction effectiveness, extraction hose should be the _________ length possible and the ____________ diameter available.
Lead, Asbestos
Two common hazards that may be present in older water-damaged structures are _________ and _________ containing materials.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
U.S. federal agency with regulatory control over biocides
FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act)
U.S. federal regulations administered by the EPA
Grains of moisture per pound (gpp)
Unit to measure specific humidity (humidity ratio), or the weight of moisture in air, expressed in grains per pound (gpp) of dry air.
2 - 100
Use no more than ____, five-amp airmovers per ____ ft., 12 gauge extension cord.
Closed Drying
Use of mechanical dehumidification
220 splitters
Use where there is limited amperage or fuses
Diffusion
Vapor _________________ is the process by which water moves through permeable materials.
Highly Porous
Various cleaning and decontamination prcedurs must be used on Category 3 water losses, including the removal of all ____________ ____________ materials affected by the water intrusion.
Feet Per Minute
Velocity is measured in _____________________ and represents the speed of the air as it exist the air mover.
Insulation
WHen drywall is installed over concrete block, it is generally dryable if there is no _______________ in the airspace between the gypsum and the block.
Category 1
Water from a clean source with no substantial risk of causing sickness or discomfort is said to be ____________ _____ water, or "clean."
Examples of Category 2
Water sources that can result in Catetory 2 damage include aquarium leaks, waterbed leaks, toilet bowl overflows (that contain urine), dishwasher or clothes washer discharges, and water that enters the structure from hydrostatic pressure (from below grade).
Category 2
Water that has a significant degree of chemical, biological and/or physical contamination is said to be Category 2.
Air
Water vapor pressure is the force that drives higher concentrations of humidity from one space to another in an attempt to see ___________ with lower concentrations of water vapor.
Moisture Content (MC)
Weight or percentage of moisture in materials, as compared to the weight of oven-dried, like material (Wood with 10% MC indicates that 100 pounds of that wood contains 10 pounds of water and 90 pounds of wood)
Equilibrium
Wet seeks dry; hot seeks cold; high vapor pressure seeks low vapor pressure
Category 3
What category must you remove and dispose of the carpet; IEP may be required for testing.
Category 2 and 3
What category must you remove the underlay (cushion or pad)
$1.35
What is the cost per day to run a dehumidifier which uses 7 amps at 115 volts if the electrical cost if $0.07 per KWH?
100%, Dew
When air is cooled, its capacity for water vapor is reduced. Eventually, if temperature is cooled enough, the relative humidity will reach _________ or saturation. When this occurs, the air has reached its __________ point temperature.
Contamination, Damage, Cost
When determining if a wet materials or item should be dried, restorers consider three factors.
Cushion
When drying carpet and cushion in place, one way to determine the effectiveness of extraction is by testing a portion of the extracted ____________.
Energy
When evaluating actual heat ________________, the appropriate measurement is the British Thermal Unit (BTU).
Outside Air @ 35 degrees / 80% RH Because it is dryer and you con't want to put crawlspace air in a house.
When setting up a portable desiccant dehumidifier in a kitchen, which air would be the best for the process air intake? A. Affected air @ 85 degrees / 50% RH B. Attic Air @ 110 degrees / 18 % RH C. Crawlspace Air @ 50 degrees / 70% RH D. Outside Air @ 35 degrees / 80% RH
Repair
When using a hammer probe to monitor strip hardwood flooring, the pins are inserted into the dark winter wood for easier _______________.
375
When using conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers in a "Class 2" water loss containing 15,000 cubic ft., the initial AHAM-rated capacity required is:
2
When using conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers that remove 125 pints of AHAM test conditions, the number installed initially on a Class 1 water loss with 25,000 cubic ft. is:
600
When using desiccant dehumidification in a Class 4 water loss in a 2,000 square ft. structure with a 9-foot ceiling height, the initial CFM required is.
5
When using low grain refrigerant (LGR) dehumidifiers that remove 72 pints at AHAM test conditons, the number installed initially on a Class 2 water loss with 18,000 cubic ft. is:
Category 3
When water instruction results from a grossly unsanitary source or carries pathogenic (disease causing) agents, it is said to be _______________ ______.
Bottom Plate
When water intrusion results in standing water deeper than the wall plate ( _____________ ______________), or when water intrusion occurs from above and results in water intrusion results in water running through wall cavities, insulation must be closely evaluated.
Infiltration
Where a negative pressure is created, air will move from neighboring spaces to "make up" for the air removed. This process is referred to as _________________________.
30 degrees above dew point
Which of these surface temperatures would have the fastest rate of evaporation? A. 10 Degrees Below Dew Point B. 20 Degrees Above Dew Point C. 30 Degrees Above Dew Point
80 Degrees
Which of these surface temperatures would promote the most rapid evaporation? A. 60 Degrees B. 70 Degrees C. 80 Degrees
2 - 4
Wood materials are considered dry when they are within ____ to _____ points of normal EMC.
Comparative
Wood moisture equivalency is a term used to describe _______________ moisture readings obtained using wood calibrated moisture meters and on non-wood materials.
Marked, Posted
Workers and Occupant health and safety are the first priority on ever project. Areas affected by the water intrusion are ____________ and _____________ as potentially hazardous.
Carpet Construction
Woven - Axminster, Wilton; usually natural fibers; tufted - primary synthetic.
2-4
You must dry wood within _________ % points of EMC drying goal.
Vapor pressure
___________ __________ is directly related to specific humidity (humidity ratio) and dew point.
Hygroscopic
____________ materials absorb moisture easily
HAT (Humidity, Airflow, and Temperature
_____________, _____________, and __________ work together and when managed, enable achieving target time for drying.
Relative Humidity
_______________ _______________ is defined as the amount of moisture contained in the air, as compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature.
Moisture Content
_______________ _______________ is the amount of moisture in a material compared to its oven-dried weight.
Vapor Pressure
_______________ _______________ is the force exerted by a liquid or gas on the surrounding environment.
Engineered
_______________ hardwood flooring consists of layers of wood with the top layer of veneer being pre-finished.
Inside
_______________________ the drying chamber is the best location for basic wet (salvageable) furnishings.
Dew Point
__________________________ is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture vapor, or can hold no more water vapor.
Combination
__________________________________ drying systems merge the benefits of both open and closed drying; the use of available, dry air from outside and the control offered by a closed system and mechanical dehumidification.
Psychrometric Chart
chart consisting of lines and curves that shows the relationship between air volume, temperature and relative humidity, and from which a variety of other information (specific humidity, dew point, vapor pressure, etc.) relating to drying may be determined.
TYpes of Cushion
foam (prime, bonded urethane); rubber; felt (hair/jute, synthetic); porous and non-porous.
Floor Drying System
vented (Air Wolf) Injected - negative air mats (Dri-Force; Injectidry)
