ATI Neuro Part 2

Match the drug classification in the left column with its therapeutic use in the right column.

*Bezodiasepines- Anxiety disorders *Monoamine oxidase inhibitors- Depression. *Antipsychotics- Schizophrenia. * Cholinergic Agonists- Glaucoma

Match the drug classification with its therapeutic use.

*Venlafaxine-Reduces depression. *Lithium carbonate (Lithobid)- Controls manic episodes. *Betaxolol (Betoptic)- Reduces intraocular pressure. (Risperidone (Risperdal)- Treats schizophrenia.

You are instructing a patient about taking phenelzine (Nardil) to treat depression. Which of the following foods should you tell the patient to avoid?

Aged cheese

When talking to a patient about taking buspirone, the health care professional should include which of the following instructions?

Allow 2-4 weeks before expecting to feel better.

Which of the following instructions should a health care professional include when advising a patient about instilling pilocarpine ( Isopto Carpine) for managing open-angle glaucoma?

Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for one minute after instilling the drops, do not touch the tip of the dropper, remove contact lenses prior to instilling the drops.

Which of the following drugs to treat glaucoma by lowering intraocular pressure is a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker?

Betaxolol (Betoptic)

A patient is to start taking amitriptyline. For which of the following should the health care provider instruct the patient to monitor and report?

Blurred vision, urinary hesitancy, tachycardia.

A health care professional should expect which of the following adverse effects for a patient who is taking betaxolol (Betoptic) eye drops to treat flaucoma?

Bradycardia.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin amitriptyline therapy to treat major depression. The health care professional should include which of the following instructions when talking with the patient about taking the drug?

Change position slowly from sitting or lying to standing, do not stop taking the drug abruptly, take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness, increase fiber and fluid intake.

A health care professional should question the use of alprazolam (Xanax) for a patient who

Drinks two 8-oz glasses of wine each evening.

A health care professional is obtaining a patient's drug history when he finds that the patient is taking litium carbonate ( Lithobid) for bipolar disorder. Which of the following findings in the patient's drug history should alert the health care professional to monitor the lithium toxicity?

Furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension.

A health care professional should advise a patient who is taking phenelzine ( Nardil) to avoid tyramine-enriched foods because of an increased risk for which of the following adverse reactions?

Hypertensive crisis

You are instructing a patient about taking buspirone. You inform the patient to monitor and report a paradoxical reaction to buspirone. Which of the following is a paradoxical effect of buspirone?

Insomnia

Early clinical manifestations of lithium ( Lithobid) toxicity include which of the following?

Nausea, muscle weakness.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin using betaxolol (Betopic) eye drops to treat open-angle glaucoma. The health care professional should advise the patient to expect which of the following reactions?

Ocular stinging.

During an assessment of a patient taking chlorpromazine, the provider notes a slow shuffling gait, rigid facial expression, and fine tremors. The provider recognizes this as which of the following?

Parkinsonism

When caring for a patient who is taking risperidone ( Risperdal) for schizophrenia, the health care professional should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of the drug?

Polyuria

When reviewing the indications for various antidepressants, a health care professional should understand tat bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) is an appropriate choice for patients who have which of the following?

Seasonal affective disorder, nicotine addiction, depression.

Soon after beginning fluoxetine (Prozac), a patient is admitted to the ER with agitation and confusion. The health care professional should suspect which of the following?

Serotonin syndrome

A health care professional is caring for a young adult patient who is taking fluoxetine (Prozac) to treat depression. The health care professional should tell the patient and the patient's family to report which of the following?

Suicidal thoughts

A patient is taking venlafaxine to treat major depression. Which of the following information should you include when instructing the patient and family about the use of venlafaxine?

Take is with food to reduce gastric disturbances, monitor and report insomnia, have BP checked regularly, check with the provider before taking any herbal supplements.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) to treat bipolar disorder. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the health care profession recommend periodically for the patient?

Thyroid function tests.

A health care professional should monitor an older adult patient who is taking alprazolam (Xanax) for which of the following adverse effects?

Tolerance, anxiety, sedation, respiratory depression.

A patient is taking risperidone (Risperdal) for schizophrenia. Recognizing the adverse effects of rispridone, you advise the patient to monitor for and report which of the following?

Tremor

While talking with a patient about taking chlorpromazine, which of the following instructions should the health care professional include?

Wear sunscreen when exposed to sunlight.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who has been taking alprazolam ( Xanax) for an extended period of time to treat anxiety. The health care professional should recognize that stopping alprazolam therapy suddenly can result in which of the following?

Withdrawal symptoms

A health care professional should question the use of timolol ( Timoptic) for patient who has which of the following disorders? a. Asthma b. seizure disorder c. diabetes mellitus d. rheumatoid arthritis

a. Asthma Timolol, a beta-adrenergic antagonist, can cause bronchospasm and difficulty breathing. Clients who have asthma or any disorder that compromises respiratory function should not use the drug.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking lithium carbonate ( Lithobid) to treat bipolar disorder. The health care professional should caution the patient to watch for which of the following indications of lithium toxicity? a. Tremors b. confusion c. Bronchospasm d. nausea e. muscle weakness.

a. Tremors b. confusion d. nausea e. muscle weakness. Tremors is correct. A fine hand tremor is an early indication of lithium toxicity. A coarse tremor indicates advanced toxicity that can lead to seizure activity. Confusion is correct. Confusion, slurred speech, and ataxia are indications of lithium toxicity that develop because of the drug's narrow therapeutic range. Nausea is correct. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are early indications of lithium toxicity that develop because of the drug's narrow therapeutic range. Clients should report any of these adverse effects. Muscle weakness is correct. Muscle weakness is an early indication of lithium toxicity that develops because of the drug's narrow therapeutic range. The nurse should monitor lithium levels periodically.

A nurse is providing a teaching to a client who is about to begin amitriptyline therapy to treat major depressive disorder. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply) a. change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing b. do not stop taking the drug abruptly c. Avoid crushing the tablet d. Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness e. increase fiber and fluid intake

a. change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing b. do not stop taking the drug abruptly d. Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness e. increase fiber and fluid intake Change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing is correct. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, can cause orthostatic hypotension. Clients should move slowly from sitting or lying to standing. Do not stop taking the drug abruptly is correct. Relapse and withdrawal symptoms can occur with abrupt discontinuation of amitriptyline. When discontinuing the drug, it is important to reduce the dosage over a 2-week period to prevent or minimize withdrawal symptoms. Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness is correct. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, can cause drowsiness. Clients should take the drug at bedtime and avoid activities that require alertness until they know how the drug will affect them. Increase fiber and fluid intake is correct. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, causes anticholinergic effects, such as dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention. Clients should increase fiber and fluid intake during drug therapy and urinate before taking the drug.

A patient is admitted to the ER with spasms of the face and back. He has recently begun taking chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia. Which of the following adverse reactions should the health care professional suspect?

acute dystonia

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizoaffective disorder and who has been prescribed chlorpromazine IV. which of the following client findings should the nurse monitor after administering the medication? a. BUN level b. Blood pressure c. Urine specific gravity d. pedal pulse strength

b. Blood pressure Clients who receive chlorpromazine are at risk for hypotension during and immediately after IV administration. The client should remain supine for 30 min while the nurse monitors their blood pressure. The nurse should instruct the client to change positions slowly as a safety precaution to prevent client injury. This medication can also cause orthostatic hypotension.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide) to treat glaucoma. The health care professional should monitor the patient for the development of which of the following adverse effects? a. Renal function impairment b. Cataracts c. Recent weight loss d. Smoking

b. Cataracts

A health care professional is talking to a patient who is taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid). Which of the following instructions should be included to reduce the risk of lithium toxicity? a. Consume a low-sodium diet b. Reduce fluid intake c. Avoid taking NSAIDs d. Take the drug with food

c. Avoid taking NSAIDs. NSAIDs increase renal reabsorption of lithium and sodium. Clients who take lithium should not take NSAIDs.

When reviewing the adverse effects of drug therapy with a patient, a health care professional should explain that orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse reaction of which of the following drugs? a. venlafaxine b. Bupropion c. Imipramine (Trofranil) d. Valproic acid

c. Imipramine (Trofranil) Imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, can result in orthostatic (postural) hypotension. Clients who take this drug should change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing.

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is taking venlafaxine to treat major depression. The health care professional should recognize that which of the following drugs can cause serotonin syndrome when patients take it concurrently with venlafaxine? a. Alprazolam b. Phenytoin c. Phenelzine d. Pilocarpine

c. Phenelzine (Nardil) Clients should not take venlafaxine, a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, within 14 days of taking phenelzine, other MAOIs, or serotonergic drugs. Serotonin syndrome is a life-threatening complication characterized by anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, and fever.

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to the emergency department with a head injury. The nurse notes that the client has an existing prescription for bupropion hydrochloride to treat depression. for which of the following adverse effects is the client at increased risk? a. ischemic stroke b. drowsiness c. respiratory depression d. seizure activity

d. Seizure activity Bupropion, an atypical antidepressant, can cause seizure activity when clients take high doses or have a seizure disorder, a CNS tumor, or a history of head trauma.