ATI questions - exam 1

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment. The nurse should include which of the following instructions? a. "Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose" b. "Rub the ointment directly into your skin until it is no longer visible" c. "Cover the applied ointment with a clean gauze pad" d. "Apply the ointment to the same skin area each time"

a. "Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose"

A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who asks about using propranolol to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize which of the following condition is a contraindication for taking propranolol? a. Asthma b. Glaucoma c. Hypertension d. Tachycardia

a. Asthma

A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral medications, including the NRTI zidovudine, to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of zidovudine? (select all that apply) a. Fatigue b. Blurred vision c. Ataxia d. Hyperventilation e. Vomiting

a. Fatigue d. Hyperventilation e. Vomiting

A nurse reviewing a client's medication history notes an allergy to sulfonamides. This allergy is a contraindication for taking which of the following medications? (select all that apply) a. Hydrochlorothiazide b. Metoprolol c. Acetaminophen d. Glipizide e. Furosemide

a. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Glipizide e. Furosemide

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to control hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Increase the amount of fiber in the diet b. Drink grapefruit juice daily to increase vitamin C intake c. Decrease the amount of calcium in the diet d. Withhold food for 1 hr after the medication is taken

a. Increase the amount of fiber in the diet

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina pectoris and is learning how to treat acute anginal attacks. The clients asks, "What is my next step if I take one tablet, wait 5 minutes, but still have anginal pain?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Take two more sublingual tablets at the same time" b. "Call the emergency response team" c. "Take a sustained-release nitroglycerine capsule" d. "Wait another 5 minutes then take a second sublingual tablet"

b. "Call the emergency response team"

A nurse is teaching a client who has active tuberculosis about the treatment regimen. The client asks why four different medications are necessary. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Four medications decrease the risk for a severe allergic reaction" b. "Four medications reduce the chance that the bacteria will become resistant" c. "Four medications reduce the risk for adverse reactions" d. "Four medications decrease the chance of having a positive tuberculin skin test"

b. "Four medications reduce the chance that the bacteria will become resistant"

A nurse is teaching a client about taking tetracycline to treat a GI infection due to Helicobacter pylori. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? a. "I will take this medication with 8 ounces of milk" b. "I will let my doctor know if I start having diarrhea" c. "I can stop taking this medication when I feel completely well" d. "I can take this medication just before bedtime"

b. "I will let my doctor know if I start having diarrhea"

A nurse is administering gentamicin by IV infusion at 0900. The medication will take 1 hr to infuse. When should the nurse plan to obtain a blood sample for a peak blood level of gentamicin? a. 1000 b. 1030 c. 1100 d. 1130

b. 1030

A nurse is preparing to administer nafcillin IM to an adult client who has an infection. Which of the following action should the nurse plan to take? (select all that apply) a. Select a 25-gauge, 1/2 inch needle for the injection b. Administer the medication deeply into the ventrogluteal muscle c. Ask the client about an allergy to penicillin before administering the med d. Monitor the client for 30 min following the injection e. Tell the client to expect a temporary rash to develop following the injection

b. Administer the medication deeply into the ventrogluteal muscle c. Ask the client about an allergy to penicillin before administering the med d. Monitor the client for 30 min following the injection

A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are receiving antimicrobial therapy. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients is at risk for medication toxicity? a. A young adult client who has a sinus infection b. An older adult client who has prostatitis c. A client who is postpartum and has mastitis d. A middle adult client who has a urinary tract infection

b. An older adult client who has prostatitis

A nurse is planning to administer a first dose of captopril to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications can intensify first dose hypertension? (select all that apply) a. Simvastatin b. Hydrochlorothiazide c. Phenytoin d. Clonidine e. Aliskiren

b. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Clonidine e. Aliskiren

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for alirocumab to reduce cholesterol. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of alirocumab? (select all that apply) a. Muscle aches b. Vasculitis c. Hearing loss d. Urticaria e. Jaundice

b. Vasculitis d. Urticaria e. Jaundice

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for digoxin and takes multiple other medications. The nurse should recognize that concurrent use of which of the following medications places the client at risk for digoxin toxicity? a. Phenytoin b. Verapamil c. Warfarin d. Aluminum hydroxide

b. Verapamil

A nurse is assessing a client who has taken procainamide to treat dysrhthmias for the last 12 months. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? (select all that apply) a. Hypertension b. Widened QRS complex c. Narrowed QT interval d. Easy bruising e. Swollen joints

b. Widened QRS complex d. Easy bruising e. Swollen joints

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing IV extravasation. The facility requires the administration of an antidote for the prescribed IV solution. After stopping the IV infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Remove IV catheter b. Withdraw the solution from the IV access c. Administer the antidote to the vesicant d. Insert a new IV access in a different extremity

b. Withdraw the solution from the IV access

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should contact the provider about a potential contraindication to a medication for which of the following clients? a. a client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an influenza immunization b. a client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection c. a client who has chronic liver disease and is taking hydrocodone/acetaminophen d. a client who has peptic ulcer disease, takes sucralfate, and has started taking OTC aluminum hydroxide e. a client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin, and reports a suspected pregnancy

b. a client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection c. a client who has chronic liver disease and is taking hydrocodone/acetaminophen e. a client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin, and reports a suspected pregnancy

A nurse is working with a newly licensed nurse who is administering medications to clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly hired nurse understands medication error prevention? a. taking all meds out of the unit-dose wrappers before entering the client's room b. checking the prescription when a single dose requires administration of multiple tablets c. administering a medication, then looking up the usual dosage range d. relying on another nurse to clarify a medication prescription

b. checking the prescription when a single dose requires administration of multiple tablets

A nurse is teaching a client about transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands? a. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch" b. "I will rotate the application sites weekly" c. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair" d. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch"

c. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair"

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs (abacavir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir) for treatment of HIV. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. "These medications work by blocking HIV entry into cells" b. "These medications work by weakening the cell wall of the HIV virus" c. "These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication" d. "These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the HIV cell"

c. "These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication"

A nurse is completing a nursing history for a client who takes simvastatin. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a contraindication to adding ezetimibe to the client's medications? a. History of severe constipation b. History of hypertension c. Active hepatitis C d. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

c. Active hepatitis C

A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client who has a dysrhythmia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? a. Hold propranolol for an apical pulse greater than 100/min b. Administer propranolol to increase the client's blood pressure c. Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication d. Check for hypokalemia frequently due to the risk for propranolol toxicity

c. Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication

A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of metronidazole to treat an infection. For which of the following findings of an adverse effect should the nurse instruct the client as a priority to stop taking metronidazole and notify the provider? a. Metallic taste b. Nausea c. Ataxia d. Dark-colored urine

c. Ataxia

A nurse is administering IV amphotericin B to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. The nurse should monitor which of the following laboratory values? (select all that apply) a. Blood albumin b. Blood amylase c. Blood potassium d. Hematocrit e. Blood creatinine

c. Blood potassium d. Hematocrit e. Blood creatinine

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Blood sodium 144 mEq/L b. Urine output 120 mL in 4 hr c. Blood potassium 5.2 mEq/L d. Blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg

c. Blood potassium 5.2 mEq/L

A nurse is caring for a client who has a cerebrospinal fluid infection with gram-neg bacteria. Which of the following cephalosporin antibiotics should the nurse expect to administer IV to treat this infection? a. Cefaclor b. Cefazolin c. Cefepime d. Cephalexin

c. Cefepime

A nurse in an acute care facility is caring for a client who is receiving IV nitroprusside for hypertensive crisis. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Intestinal ileus b. Neutropenia c. Delirium d. Hyperthermia

c. Delirium

A nurse is assessing a client who has a severe infection and has been receiving cefotaxime for the past week. Which of the following findings indicates a potentially serious adverse reaction to this medication that the nurse should report to the provider? a. Diaphoresis b. Epistaxis c. Diarrhea d. Alopecia

c. Diarrhea

A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and is receiving mannitol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL b. Urine output 40 mL/hr c. Dyspnea d. Bilateral equal pupil size

c. Dyspnea

A nurse is infusing IV amphotericin B to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Hypoglycemia b. Constipation c. Fever d. Hyperkalemia

c. Fever

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking oral oxycodone. The client is also taking ibuprofen in three recommended doses daily. The nurse should identify that an interaction between these two medications will cause which of the following findings? a. a decrease in blood levels of ibuprofen, possibly leading to a need for increased doses of this medication b. a decrease in blood levels of oxycodone, possibly leading to a need for increased doses of this medication c. an increase in the expected therapeutic effect of both medications d. an increase in expected adverse effects for both medications

c. an increase in the expected therapeutic effect of both medications

A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes that the client experienced permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse should recognize that the medication affected which of the following systems in the client? a. cardiovascular b. immune c. central nervous d. gastrointestinal

c. central nervous

A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client who states, "I don't want to take the medication. I do not want one more pill." Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "your physician prescribed it for you, so you really should take it" b. "well, let's just get it over quickly then" c. "okay, I'll just give you your other medications" d. "tell me your concerns about taking this medication"

d. "tell me your concerns about taking this medication"

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed isosorbide mononitrate for chronic stable angina and develops reflex tachycardia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? a. Furosemide b. Captopril c. Ranolazine d. Metoprolol

d. Metoprolol

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity? a. Bruising b. Report of metallic taste c. Muscle pain d. Report of anorexia

d. Report of anorexia

A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the importance of prophylactic antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (select all that apply) a. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to clients who report exposure to a sexually transmitted infection b. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to clients who are having orthopedic surgery c. Instruct clients who have a prosthetic heart valve about the need for prophylactic antimicrobial therapy before dental work d. Consult the provider for prophylactic antimicrobial therapy for clients who have recurrent urinary tract infections e. Instruct clients to request prophylactic antimicrobial therapy immediately when they have an upper respiratory infection

a. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to clients who report exposure to a sexually transmitted infection b. Administer prophylactic antimicrobial therapy to clients who are having orthopedic surgery c. Instruct clients who have a prosthetic heart valve about the need for prophylactic antimicrobial therapy before dental work d. Consult the provider for prophylactic antimicrobial therapy for clients who have recurrent urinary tract infections

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving furosemide IV for peripheral edema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (select all that apply) a. Assess for tinnitus b. Report urine output 50 mL/hr c. Monitor blood potassium levels d. Elevate the head of the bed slowly before ambulation e. Recommend eating a banana daily

a. Assess for tinnitus c. Monitor blood potassium levels d. Elevate the head of the bed slowly before ambulation e. Recommend eating a banana daily

A nurse is caring for a client who has subacute bacterial endocarditis and is receiving several antibiotics, including streptomycin IM. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Ataxia b. Urinary retention c. Constipation d. Complex partial seizures

a. Ataxia

A nurse is caring for a client who received IV verapamil to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The client's pulse rate is now 98/min and the blood pressure is 74.44 mg Hg. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following IV medications? a. Calcium gluconate b. Sodium bicarbonate c. Potassium chloride d. Magnesium sulfate

a. Calcium gluconate

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Contact provider if heart rate is less than 60/min b. Check pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiply result by 2 c. Increase intake of sodium d. Take with food if nausea occurs

a. Contact provider if heart rate is less than 60/min

A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has angina and is to begin taking ranolazine. The nurse should report which of the following medications in the client's history that can interact with ranolazine? (select all that apply) a. Digoxin b. Simvastatin c. Verapamil d. Amlodipine e. Nitroglycerin transdermal patch

a. Digoxin b. Simvastatin c. Verapamil

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects that is a manifestation digoxin toxicity? (select all that apply) a. Fatigue b. Constipation c. Anorexia d. Rash e. Blurred vision

a. Fatigue c. Anorexia e. Blurred vision

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitrofurantoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (select all that apply) a. Observe for bruising on the skin b. Take the medication with milk or meals c. Expect brown discoloration of urine d. Crush the medication if it is difficult to swallow e. Expect insomnia when taking it

a. Observe for bruising on the skin b. Take the medication with milk or meals c. Expect brown discoloration of urine

A nurse is teaching a client who has a severe UTI about ciprofloxacin. Which of the following information about adverse reactions should the nurse include? (select all that apply) a. Observe for pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon b. Watch for a vaginal yeast infection c. Expect excessive nighttime perspiration d. Inspect the mouth for cottage cheese-like lesions e. Take the medication with a dairy product

a. Observe for pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon b. Watch for a vaginal yeast infection d. Inspect the mouth for cottage cheese-like lesions

A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of medication b. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hours before obtaining a blood specimen c. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication d. Administer the medication, and obtain a blood specimen 30 min later

a. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of medication

A nurse is caring for a client who is starting a course of gentamicin IV for a serious respiratory infection. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication? (select all that apply) a. Pruritus b. Hematuria c. Muscle weakness d. Difficulty swallowing e. Vertigo

a. Pruritus b. Hematuria c. Muscle weakness e. Vertigo

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patch for angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Remove the patch each evening b. Cut each patch in half in angina attacks are under control c. Take off the nitroglycerin patch for 30 min if a headache occurs d. Apply a new patch every 48 hr

a. Remove the patch each evening

A nurse assessing the IV catheter insertion site for a client receiving a nonvesicant solution and notes swelling at the site with decreased skin temperature. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (select all that apply) a. Stop the infusion b. Start a new IV access distal to this site c. Apply warm compresses to the insertion site d. Elevate the client's arm e. Obtain a specimen for culture at the insertion site

a. Stop the infusion c. Apply warm compresses to the insertion site d. Elevate the client's arm

A nurse is providing information to a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Take the medication with food b. Plan to take the medication at bedtime c. Expect increased swelling of the ankles d. Fluid intake should be limited in the morning

a. Take the medication with food

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is starting simvastatin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Take this medication in the evening b. Change position slowly when rising from a chair c. Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables d. Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid

a. Take this medication in the evening

A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply) a. Have the client lie on one side b. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling c. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter the eye d. Drop the medication into the client's conjunctival sac e. Instruct the client to close the eye gently after instillation

b. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling d. Drop the med into the client's conjunctival sac e. Instruct the client to close the eye gently after instillation

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for torsemide. The nurse should plan to monitor for which of the following conditions as potential adverse reactions of this medication? (select all that apply) a. Respiratory acidosis b. Hypokalemia c. Hypotension d. Ototoxicity e. Ventricular dysrhythmias

b. Hypokalemia c. Hypotension d. Ototoxicity e. Ventricular dysrhythmias

A nurse is administering a dopamine infusion at a low dose to a client who has severe heart failure. Which of the following findings is an expected effect of this medication? a. Lowered heart rate b. Increased urine output c. Decreased conduction through the AV node d. Vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels

b. Increased urine output

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4-mo-old infant. Which of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when administering medications to this client? (select all that apply) a. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time b. Infants have immature liver function c. Infants' blood-brain barrier is poorly developed d. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications e. Infants have an increased number of protein-binding sites

b. Infants have immature liver function c. Infants' blood-brain barrier is poorly developed d. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications

A nurse is planning to administer ciprofloxacin IV to a client who has cystitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer a concentrated solution b. Infuse the medication over 60 min c. Infuse the solution through the primary IV fluid's tubing d. Choose a small peripheral vein for administration

b. Infuse the medication over 60 min

A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has a wound infection. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? a. Administer antibiotic medication b. Obtain a wound specimen for culture c. Monitor client for a superinfection d. Teach the client about wound care

b. Obtain a wound specimen for culture

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for enfuvirtide to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the adverse reactions of this medication? (select all that apply) a. Bleeding b. Pneumonia c. Cerebral edema d. Localized erythema e. Hypotension

b. Pneumonia d. Localized erythema e. Hypotension

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus, pulmonary tuberculosis, and a new prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect to administer to prevent an adverse effect of INH? a. Ascorbic acid b. Pyridoxine c. Folic acid d. Cyanocobalamin

b. Pyridoxine

A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? a. Use a disposable razor to remove excess hair on the extremity b. Select the back of the client's hand to insert the IV catheter c. Distend the veins by using a blood pressure cuff d. Direct the client to raise their arm above the heart

c. Distend the veins by using a blood pressure cuff

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical record of a client who is pregnant and at the first prenatal visit. Which of the following immunizations can the nurse administer safely to this client? a. Varicella vaccine b. Rubella vaccine c. Inactivated influenza vaccine d. Measles vaccine

c. Inactivated influenza vaccine

A nurse is administering IV acyclovir to a client who has varicella. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer a stool softener b. Decrease fluid intake and following infusion c. Infuse acyclovir over 1 hr d. Monitor for a for hypotension

c. Infuse acyclovir over 1 hr

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking gemfibrozil. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Mental status changes b. Tremor c. Jaundice d. Pneumonia

c. Jaundice

A nurse educator is reviewing medication metabolism at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosage? (Select all that apply) a. Increased renal excretion b. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes c. Liver failure d. Peripheral vascular disease e. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes

c. Liver failure e. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes

A nurse is preparing to administer penicillin V to a client who has a streptococcal infection. The client reports difficulty swallowing tablets and doesn't "do well" with liquid or chewable medications because of the taste, even when the nurse mixes the medication with food. The nurse should request a prescription for which of the following medications? a. Fosfomycin b. Amoxicillin c. Nafcillin d. Cefaclor

c. Nafcillin

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing preparation for extensive colorectal surgery. Which of the following oral antibiotics should the nurse expect to administer specifically to suppress normal flora is the GI tract? a. Kanamycin b. Gentamicin c. Neomycin d. Tobramycin

c. Neomycin

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for captopril for hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Hypokalemia b. Hypernatremia c. Neutropenia d. Bradycardia

c. Neutropenia

A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring blood electrolytes for four clients who take digoxin. Which of the following electrolyte values increases a client's risk for digoxin toxicity? a. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL b. Calcium 10.3 mg/dL c. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L d. Potassium 4.8 mEq/L

c. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of amiodarone toxicity? a. Light yellow urine b. Report of tinnitus c. Productive cough d. Blue-gray sink discoloration

c. Productive cough

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit administers a hypnotic medication to an older adult client at 2100. The next morning, the client is drowsy and wants to sleep instead of eating breakfast. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a possible reason for the client's drowsiness? a. Reduced cardiac function b. First-pass effect c. Reduced hepatic function d. Increased gastric motility

c. Reduced hepatic function

A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a female client who has a new prescription for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Take the medication even if pregnant b. Maintain a fluid restriction while taking it c. Take it on an empty stomach d. Stop taking it when manifestation subside

c. Take it on an empty stomach

A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection about ways to prevent medication resistance. Which of the following information should the nurse teach the client about resistance? a. Taking low dosages of antiretroviral medication minimizes resistance b. Taking one antiretroviral medication at a time minimizes resistance c. Taking medication at the same times daily without missing doses minimizes resistance d. Changing the medication regimen with adverse effects occur minimizes resistance

c. Taking medication at the same times daily without missing doses minimizes resistance

A nurse is teaching a client who has manifestations of a urinary tract infection. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following tests is needed to determine which microorganism is causing the infection? a. Blood WBC b. Blood creatinine c. Urine culture d. Urine specific gravity

c. Urine culture

A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who is to receive imipenem-cilastatin IV to treat an infection. Which of the following medications the client also receives increases the risk for a medication interaction? a. Regular insulin b. Furosemide c. Valproic acid d. Ferrous sulfate

c. Valproic acid

A nurse is reviewing a client's prescribed medications. Which of the following situations represents a contraindication to medication administration? a. the client drank grapefruit juice, which could reduce a medication's effectiveness b. the medication has orthostatic hypotension as an adverse effect c. a medication is approved for ages 12 and older, and the client is 8 years old d. an antianxiety medication that has an adverse effect of drowsiness is prescribed as a preoperative sedative

c. a medication is approved for ages 12 and older, and the client is 8 years old

A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin 200 mg by intermittent IV bolus. The amount available is clindamycin injection 200 mg in 100 mL 0.9% NaCl to infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round to nearest whole number)

200 mL/hr 100 mL x 60 min / 30 min x 1 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 15,000 units SC ever 12 hours. The amount available is heparin injection 20,000 units/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to nearest tenth)

0.8 mL 1 mL x 15,000 units / 20,000 units x 1 dose

A nurse is preparing to administer D5W 750 mL IV to infuse over 6 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

125 mL/hr 750 mL/6 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer haloperidol 2 mg PO every 12 hr. The amount available is haloperidol 1 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number)

2 tablets 1 tablet x 2 mg

A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus. Available is vancomycin 1 g in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water to infuse over 45 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round to the nearest whole number)

22 gtt/min 10 gtt x 100 mL / 45 min

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 20 mg/kg/day PO to divide equally every 12 hr to a preschooler who weighs 44 lb. The amount available is amox suspension 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to nearest whole number)

4 mL 44 lb/ 2.2 = 20 kg 5 mL x 20 mg x 20 kg /250 mg x 2 doses

A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 6 hours PRN for pain. The amount available is liquid 500 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to nearest tenth)

6.5 mL 5 mL x 650 mg / 500 mg

A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 80 mg PO daily. The amount available is furosemide oral solution 10 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer (Round to nearest whole number)

8 mL 1mL x 80 mg / 10 mg

A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about antimicrobial therapy. The nurse should instruct that effective penetration of antibiotics can be impeded by which of the following conditions? a. Meningitis b. An infected abscess c. Endocarditis d. Pneumonia e. Pyelonephritis

a. Meningitis b. An infected abscess c. Endocarditis

A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication? a. one b. two c. three d. four

a. one medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels between doses for long periods of time; therefore the nurse should administer this med once a day

A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in following legal practice guidelines? (select all that apply) a. teach the client about the medication b. determine the dosage c. monitor for adverse effects d. lock compartments for controlled substances e. determine the client's insurance status

a. teach the client about the medication c. monitor for adverse effects d. lock compartments for controlled substances

A nurse is assessing a client before administrating medications. Which of the following data should the nurse obtain? (select all that apply) a. use of herbal products b. daily fluid intake c. ability to swallow d. previous surgical history e. allergies

a. use of herbal products c. ability to swallow e. allergies

A nurse is preparing to administer an IM dose of penicillin to a client who has a new prescription. The client states when they took penicillin 3 years ago, they developed a rash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. administer the prescribed dose b. withhold the medication c. ask the provider to change the prescription to an oral form d. administer an oral antihistamine at the same time

b. withhold the medication

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking digoxin and has a new prescription for colesevelam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Take digoxin with your morning dose of colesevelam" b. "Your sodium and potassium levels will be monitored periodically while taking colesevelam" c. "Watch for bleeding or bruising while taking colesevelam" d. "Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water"

d. "Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water"

A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client who has a new prescription for an antihypertensive medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse give? a. "be sure to limit your potassium intake while taking the medication" b. "you should check your blood pressure every 8 hours while taking this medication" c. "your medication dosage will be increased if you develop tachycardia" d. "change positions slowly when you move from sitting to standing"

d. "change positions slowly when you move from sitting to standing"

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? a. Increased TSH level b. Decreased ALT level c. Hypoglycemia d. Hyperlipidemia

d. Hyperlipidemia