ATR2010 Final EXAM

Which of the following describes the inability of an athlete to remember events after the injury has occurred? Retrograde amnesia Tinnitus Unconsciousness Anterograde amnesia

Anterograde amnesia

An athlete with HIV should avoid engaging in exhaustive exercise and therefore should be automatically disqualified from participation. T or F

False

Blood is supplied to each meniscus by what artery? Inferior genicular Medial genicular Tibial Superior genicular

Medial genicular

movement of an affected part by another person or device without effort by the athlete is________ exercise. resistive assistive active passive

Passive

Which of the following is a sprain that results from forceful external rotation of the ankle? Syndesmotic Eversion Inversion Achilles Tendon

Syndesmotic

The femur is the longest bone of the body and is designed to permit maximum mobility and support during locomotion. T or F

True

The vertebrae that consists of a bony ring with large, flat, superior articular facets on which the skull rests is the: axis dens atlas annulus fibrosus

atlas

A test used to determine the degree of attention span is the: Pegboard Hopkins Verbal Learning Cogstat Color word test

color word test

Which of the following is the most common direction for the patella to sublux? Laterally Inferiorly Medially Superiorly

laterally

What finger is commonly involved in jersey finger? ring finger index finger middle finger thumb

ring finger

Trigger finger is a result of: collateral ligament instability neurovascular deficiency tendon stenosis stress fracture

tendon stenosis

The mechanism of injury that leaves the posterior cruciate ligament at greatest risk for injury is: Landing on the anterior aspect of the bent knee with the foot plantar flexed A valgus stress with the knee fully extended Falling with the knee bent and the foot dorsiflexed Hyperextension of the knee

Landing on the anterior aspect of the bent knee with the foot plantar flexed

An avascular necrosis of the femoral head seen in children 4 to 10 years of age is called: Femoral epiphysitis Osteomyelitis dessicans Osteopyroxymia Legg-Perthes disease

Legg-Perthes disease

When evaluating an unconscious athlete you would first: Remove any protective equipment such as a helmet Call a physician Roll the athlete face up and start CPR Look for the possibility of impaired breathing

Look for the possibility of impaired breathing

Rupture of the extensor tendon from the distal phalanx due to forceful flexion of the phalanx is called a: mallet finger trigger finger boutonniere deformity jersey finger

Mallet finger

A general term applied to a variety of overuse leg conditions that seasonally plague many athletes is called: Exertional Syndrome Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome correct Tibial Periostitis Compartment Syndrome

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome correct

The ligament that protects the knee from a valgus stress and external rotational forces is the: Anterior cruciate ligament Medial collateral ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Lateral collateral ligament

Medial collateral ligament

The most common site for stress fractures of the femur is the femoral: Neck Head Shaft Condyles

Neck

Repeated stress on the pubic symphysis and adjacent bony structures by the pull of muscles in the area causes: Osteitis pubis Osteomyelitis Pubic apophysitis Osteochondrosis

Osteitis pubis

A painful condition involving partial or complete separation of a piece of articular cartilage or subchondral bone is: Joint mice Osgood-Schlatter disease Osteochondritis dissecans Larsen-Johansson disease

Osteochondritis dissecans

An inadequately cared for shin contusion may develop into: Osteomyelitis Tibial Torsion Tibial Bursitis Tibial Periostitis

Osteomyelitis

Which of the following is used to visually examine the tympanic membrane? Otoscope Fluorescien strip Opthalmoscope Pen light

Otoscope

When a fracture of the lower leg is suspected, what test can be done to reaffirm your suspicions? Range-of-Motion Test Percussion Test Cutaneous Sensation Test Auscultation Test

Percussion Test

A synovial fold that can cause snapping in the joint is called a(n): Meniscal tear Fat pad Osteochondritis Plica

Plica

Which of the following muscles allows for internal rotation of the tibia? Biceps femoris Vastus medialis Popliteus Gastrocnemius

Popliteus

An athlete who starts to exhibit symptoms of giddiness, attention difficulties, anxiety, and headaches hours or days after a collision may be considered to have: Contrecoup syndrome Hysteria traumatica Subdural hematoma Postconcussion syndrome

Postconcussion syndrome

For an individual suffering from sciatica caused by piriformis syndrome, the first 3-5 days should consist of Therapeutic exercise Combination of stretching and therapeutic exercise Rest and modalities Gently stretching

Rest and modalities

Which of the following is not descriptive of the temporomandibular joint? A synovial joint Prone to dislocation Saddle shaped A hinge and gliding articulation

Saddle shaped

Someone suffering from an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is said to have: Scoliosis Kyphosis Lordosis Opticosis

Scoliosis

Management of an avulsed tooth includes all the following EXCEPT: Attempt re-implantation of the tooth in the socket Scrub the tooth with a sterile gauze pad to get the dirt off Refer immediately to Dentist Place the tooth in saline solution if unable to re-implant

Scrub the tooth with a sterile gauze pad to get the dirt off

Fractures and dislocations commonly occur at the fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae. T or F

True

HBV can survive for 1 week in dried blood, making it more easily transmitted than HIV. T or F

True

HBV is more likely to be spread than HIV because it is a heartier virus and can survive outside the body for longer periods of time. T or F

True

HIV is a retrovirus that combines with T cells and B cells, decreasing their effectiveness. T or F

True

Individuals that get tattoos or body piercing are at risk of contracting HCV. T or F

True

T of F Most patellar fractures are the result of indirect trauma in which a severe pull of the patellar tendon occurs against the femur when the knee is semiflexed.

True

T or F Achilles tendon strains occur most often as a result of an ankle sprains or sudden excessive dorsiflexion of the ankle.

True

T or F Of the two bones of the leg, the tibia supports more of the weight.

True

T or F The medial meniscus is prone to disruption by valgus and torsional forces.

True

T or F The tibia has the highest incidence of fractures to the leg.

True

All of the following are signs and symptoms of HBV except: Jaundice Weight loss Abdominal pain Headache

Weight loss

The articular capsule holding the head of the femur in the acetabulum composed of circular fibers that serve as a tight collar is called the: Zona orbicularis Ligamentum teres Iliofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament

Zona orbicularis

Which of the following fractures is the third most common and results in epistaxis and diplopia as well as numbness of the cheek? Maxilla Occiput Zygomatic Mandible

Zygomatic

Range of motion is measured quantitatively with a tape measure general observation a goniometer a syphygmomanometer

a goniometer

After executing a tackle by leading with his head, a football player is down on the field. All of the following suggest an unstable neck except: the player is conscious, neurologically intact, and reports neck pain all of the above suggest an unstable neck the player is conscious and reports numbness in the upper extremities the player is unconscious

all of the above suggest an unstable neck

A wrist fracture where the radius and ulna are forced dorsally is called a: Colles' fracture Smith's fracture bowler's fracture de Quervain's fracture

colles fracture

an incomplete fracture caused by bending and torsional loads is a spiral greenstick stress compression

greenstick

What type of dressing is most beneficial in providing a barrier against disease transmission and keeps the wound moist which is conducive to healing? Gauze with antibiotic ointment Non adhesive dressing Bandaid with antibiotic ointment Hydrocolloid

hydrocolloid

When an elbow is dislocated, the arm is frequently held in what position? slightly flexed with the forearm appearing shortened slightly flexed with the forearm pronated extended with the forearm pronated slightly flexed with the forearm supinated

slightly flexed with the forearm appearing shortened

Medial epicondylitis is often caused by: bending shear compression tension

tension

Which of the following best illustrates a symptom? ecchymosis deformity tinnitus crepitation

tinnitus

Chronic ankle instability occurs following approximately 33% of all acute ankle sprains 10% of all acute ankle sprains 25% of all acute ankle sprains 50% of all acute ankle sprains

33% of all acute ankle sprains

If an athlete steps in a hole and the ankle is forced into dorsiflexion, which ligament is involved? Interosseous Membrane Anterior Tibiofibular Calcaneofibular Anterior Talofibular

Anterior Tibiofibular

The ligament injury of the knee generally considered to be the most serious involves the: Lateral collateral Posterior cruciate Medial collateral Anterior cruciate

Anterior cruciate

The Lachman test is used to evaluate stability of the: Patellar femoral joint Anterior cruciate ligament Medial collateral ligament Meniscus

Anterior cruciate ligament

To measure anatomical discrepancy of leg length, measurements are taken between the medial malleoli and the: Anterior inferior iliac spine Umbilicus Greater trochanter Anterior superior iliac spine

Anterior superior iliac spine

Which condition is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain and also involves the accumulation of tau protein? Postconcussion syndrome Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Second Impact Syndrome

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

A condition that occurs when the tissue fluid pressure has increased because of the confines of the fascia and/or bone resulting in compression of the muscles, nerves, and blood vessels is called: Shin Splints Tibial Periostitis Plantar Fasciitis Compartment Syndrome

Compartment Syndrome

After the head is struck, the brain continues to move in the fluid and may be contused against the opposite side, causing this type of injury: Direct Contrecoup Cerebral Whiplash

Contrecoup

Which of the following is not a carpal bone? capitate hamate cuboid lunate

Cuboid

Which of the following eye injuries is painless and results in the athlete seeing floating specks, flashes of light and having blurred vision? Corneal abrasion Detached retina Hyphema Conjunctivitis

Detached retina

The escape of fluid from the blood vessels into the joint cavity is called Effusion Erythema Ecchymosis Swelling

Effusion

Athletes who have pronated or hypermobile feet have a higher incidence of: Achilles Tendon Strains Fallen Metatarsal Arch Eversion Ankle Sprains Lateral Ankle Sprains

Eversion Ankle Sprains

Avascular necrosis is a serious complication of hip dislocation which the blood supply from the distal end of the femur is lost. T or F

False

Axial loading of the cervical spine occurs when the neck is in a position of hyperextension. T or F

False

T or F Com minuted fractures are often produced by excessive torsional and bending loads.

False

T or F A tight heel cord forces the foot into eversion, making it more susceptible to a lateral ankle sprain.

False

T or F Anterior compartment syndromes are best treated by applying an open basketweave taping covered by a compression wrap.

False

T or F During the screw home mechanism of the knee, the tibia internally rotates as the knee extends to lock the knee in place.

False

The most commonly dislocated bone in the wrist is the scaphoid. T or F

False

The sacroiliac joint is a nonmovable joint between the sacrum and the ilium T or F

False

The three most common and most significant bloodborne pathogens are HAV, HIV and HBV. T oR F

False

When one is disposing of a syringe, it should be recapped and placed into a sharps container to decrease the chance of someone being stuck by the needle. T or F

False

An athlete who has been identified as having hypermobile pronated feet may be more susceptible to what type of fracture? Bimalleolar Fracture Fibular Stress Fracture Tibial Stress Fracture Jones Fracture

Fibular Stress Fracture

A cavus foot or chronic supination can cause tendinitis of which tendon? Achilles Fibularis Anterior Tibialis Posterior Tibialis

Fibularis

A common mechanism of injury for fibularis tendon subluxation is: Forced Plantarflexion and Eversion Forced Plantarflexion and Inversion Forced Dorsiflexion and Eversion Forced Dorsiflexion and Inversion

Forced Dorsiflexion and Eversion

Which of the following is considered a bloodborne pathogen? Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Hepatitis B Hepatitis A

HEP B

A positive anterior drawer test indicates damage to which ligament? Anterior Tibiofibular Anterior Talofibular Calcaneofibular Posterior Talofibular

Anterior Talofibular

A common injury in the lower leg of athletes or joggers who run downhill for an extended period of time is: Fibularis Tendinitis Anterior Tibialis Tendinitis Posterior Tibialis Tendinitis Retrocalcaneal Bursitis

Anterior Tibialis Tendinitis

Which of the meninges is extremely delicate and attached to the spinal cord? Dura mater Arachnoid Subarachnoid Pia mater

Arachnoid mater

Swelling caused by synovial fluid and/or blood in the joint is called: Tenosynovitis Hemarthrosis Arthritis Synovitis

Hemarthrosis

Improper care of a thigh contusion leading to incomplete absorption of the hematoma, which later produces formation similar to cartilage or bone, is called: Osteopyrexia Osteomyelitis Myositis dessicans Heterotrophic ossification

Heterotrophic ossification

Which of the following is not a sign for a fractured femur? Thigh deformity Hip internally rotated Loss of function Swelling of soft tissues

Hip internally rotated

An injury that results from a blow to an inadequately protected iliac crest and produces an extremely handicapping injury is the: Hip pointer Quadriceps strain Dislocated hip Groin strain

Hip pointer

The mechanism of injury for an ulnar dislocation is: sudden, violent unidirectional varus force hyperflexion longitudinal traction hyperextension

Hyperextention

The strongest ligament of the body that prevents hyperextension of the hip is called the: Iliofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament Ischiofemoral ligament Sacroiliac ligament

Iliofemoral ligament

The most common site for stress fractures of the pelivs is in the: Ischial tuberosity Superior pubic ramus Iliac crest Inferior pubic ramus

Inferior pubic ramus

The muscle that is the main stabilizer for patellar tracking is the: Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius

Vastus medialis

Which of the following is not a sign of anterior compartment syndrome? Increase Compartment Pressure Due to Swelling Weakness of Foot Dorsiflexion Weakness of Toe Flexors Paresthesia of the Web Space between the First and Second Toe

Weakness of Toe Flexors

How many thoracic vertebrae are there? 16 14 10 12

12

Q angles, for males and females, that exceed degrees are be considered excessive and may lead to patellar tracking problems. 5 20 10 15

20

A cervical fracture and/or dislocation will always produce a sensory and motor problem. T or F

False

Medial collateral ligamentous sprains result most often from a violently directed force pushing the leg into: Adduction, internal rotation Hyperflexion Hyperextension Abduction, internal rotation

Adduction, internal rotation

Which of the following signs and symptoms is the result of pelvic floor dysfunction? Urinary incontinence Chronic pelvic pain All of the above Prolapse of pelvic organs

All

The posterior portion of the knee joint capsule forms two pouches that cover the femoral condyles and the tibial plateau. Medially, the capsule thickens to form the posterior oblique ligament; laterally, the capsule thickens to form the: Arcuate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Coronary ligament Ligament of Wrisberg

Arcuate ligament

All of the following are ways to manage a fractured tooth EXCEPT: Allow the athlete to continue to play and see the dentist after the competition Cover the fracture with gauze Attempt to reattach the fracture piece

Attempt to reattach the fracture piece

An orbital fracture of the eye: Causes hemorrhage around the superior margin of the eye Is caused by an object striking the forehead Is more common in athletes with nearsightedness Can result in double vision

Can result in double vision

The thin bony substance that covers the root of the tooth is known as the: Crown Cementum Gingiva Dentin

Cementum

A gradual degenerative condition affecting the underside of the patella is called: Osgood-Schlatter's disease Patellaritis Chondromalacia patella Osteochondritis dissecans

Chondromalacia patella

A hip sprain is best revealed through the athlete's inability to: Circumduct the thigh Squat Hop on the injured leg Flex the thigh

Circumduct the thigh

A non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury is more likely to occur when the athlete is Side shuffling Back pedaling Decelerating from a jump Accelerating while running

Decelerating from a jump

An individual with piriformis syndrome may report feeling Deep buttock pain without low back pain Deep buttock pain with low back pain Isolated low back pain Low back pain and radiating pain in the posterior leg

Deep buttock pain without low back pain

The bursa that commonly becomes inflamed from overuse of the patellar tendon is the: Deep infrapatellar bursa Prepatellar bursa Superficial infrapatellar Suprapatellar bursa

Deep infrapatellar bursa

Which of the following best illustrates a diagnostic sign? Headache Edema Blurred Vision Nausea

EDEMA

Which of the following symptoms are not indicative of a serious eye injury? Diplopia Excessive watering of the eye Black specks Flashes of light

Excessive watering of the eye

Which portion of the ear is formed by the temporal bone and is responsible for transportation of auditory impulses to the brain? Pinna Labyrinth Meatus Tympanic membrane

Labyrinth

Which anatomical part of the eye is responsible for the production of tears? The sclera The inner conjunctiva The choroid layer Lacrimal glands

Lacrimal

When testing for balance, if an athlete is unable to keep eyes closed and is unable to maintain balance they are considered to have a: Positive Stroop sign Negative Romberg's sign Positive Romberg's sign Negative Stroop sign

Positive Romberg's sign

The strongest cruciate ligament of the knee is the: Lateral cruciate Posterior cruciate Arcuate cruciate Anterior cruciate

Posterior cruciate

The distribution over a given area is called strain stress force moment arm axial loading

Stress

In managing a hamstring strain, which of the following should be avoided? Use compression by an elastic wrap Use eccentric exercise in muscle rehabilitation Stretch by ballistic movements Immediately apply an ice pack

Stretch by ballistic movements

If a uniform becomes saturated with blood, what is the proper action that should be taken for the athlete to continue participation? Nothing, the athlete should continue without interruption The blood should be rinsed off with water The uniform should be changed immediately The uniform should be changed at half-time

The uniform should be changed immediately

When squeezing the calf muscle with the leg extended and the foot hanging over the edge of the table, you are performing which test for Achilles tendon rupture? Babinski Test Compression Test Thompson Test Apley Squeeze Test

Thompson Test

Which of the following should not be done when managing a bleeding nose? Place a cold compress over the nose Apply finger pressure to the affected nostrils for 5 minutes Tilt the head back to decrease bleeding Lie on the same side as the bleeding septum

Tilt the head back to decrease bleeding

An infected person's blood may test positive for the HBV antigen within 2-6 weeks after the symptoms develop. T or F

True

Contusions account for the highest incidence of injury in the thigh area. T or F

True

Which of the following signs or symptoms would not indicate a cervical spinal injury? muscular weakness in extremities absent or weak reflexes positive Babinski test result sensory changes in the upper clavicular area

a positive Babinski test

The plantar fascia is an example of an aponeuroses muscle ligament tendon

aponeurosis

A rupture of the biceps tendon is usually associated with: elbow hyperflexion forceful shoulder flexion against excessive resistance forceful shoulder extension against excessive resistance elbow hyperextension

forceful shoulder flexion against excessive resistance

Decreased skin temperature palpation of an injury site could indicate reduced nerve conduction inflammation infection reduced circulation

reduced circulation

A loss of cerebrospinal fluid around the spinal cord because of deformation of the spinal cord or a narrowing of the neural canal is called: spinal stenosis spinal occlusion spina bifida Scheuermann's disease

spinal stenosis

The more sensitive HIV test that detects antibodies to HIV proteins is the: ELISA test Webster blot Western blot CDC test

western blot