BA302 Organizational Behavior - Chapter 4 Attitudes COMBINED
What are some factors that prevent you from reducing your performance?
- fear of getting fired - promotion - work ethic
What are some factors that prevent you from reducing your performance?
- fear of getting fired- promotion- work ethic
Which of the following scenarios is likely to produce LOW levels of citizenship behaviors?
. Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity.
What are two systematic ways that companies can track work attitudes?
1. attitude surveys 2. exit interviews
What are two systematic ways that companies can track work attitudes?
1. attitude surveys2. exit interviews
Research on absenteeism indicates which of the following statements to be accurate? a. Problems in job design can result in absenteeism. b. Older individuals, because they are more likely to have health problems, are more likely to be absent from work. c. Employees who are permitted to manage their work schedules with regard to time at the company are more likely to be absent. d. Absenteeism saves organizations money because the company does not have to pay employees who are absent from their jobs.
A
Which of the following statements regarding absenteeism is INCORRECT? a. Instituting organizational policies that penalize absenteeism are reasonable approaches to controlling the problem. b. Wellness programs are a viable way to address employee absenteeism. c. Flexibility in work scheduling addresses absenteeism concerns. d. There is no consistent link between personality and absenteeism.
A
Which of the following statements regarding ways to deal with late coworkers is INCORRECT? a. Try ignoring lateness and not imposing negative consequences. b. Be on time yourself! c. Schedule meetings around everyone else's meetings. d. Find out exactly why employees are late.
A
Which statement regarding citizenship behaviors is accurate? a. People who are older demonstrate higher levels of citizenship. b. People who are unhappy still perform citizenship behaviors to a very high degree. c. Job attitudes are weakly related to citizenship behaviors. d. People who are treated poorly tend to perform higher levels of citizenship behaviors.
A
The primary reason for employee turnover is a. gender. b. work attitudes. c. age. d. general mental abilities.
B
When an ethical climate exists at a firm, studies suggest all of the following EXCEPT a. people are less likely to want to leave the firm. b. people are likely to only perform the duties of their job description because they do not want to engage in anything that will upset the balance of the ethical situation in place. c. people are happier at work. d. people are more committed to the firm.
B
Which of the following employees is more likely to turnover? a. those who have been in the company for a long time. b. those who have negative work attitudes c. those who have a low deal of stress d. those who are high performers.
B
Which of the following statements regarding turnover is true? a. The link between work attitudes and turnover is direct. b. Even though they are very unhappy with a job, employees may not leave an organization. c. Employees will quit their jobs voluntarily only when they feel they will get fired. d. Manager absenteeism causes employee turnover.
B
Jeffrey Katzenberg has ________. a. been successful at everything he has tried. b. been CEO of Starbucks. c. been CEO of DreamWorks Animation. d. is the CEO of Disney.
C
Research on turnover indicates which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Unhappy employees are more likely to leave than those who are satisfied with the organization. b. Poor work attitudes cause intentions to leave, which often causes actually leaving the company. c. All turnover is bad for an organization. d. Agreeable and conscientious people are less likely to quit their jobs.
C
Which of the following is NOT a tip for leaving your job gracefully? a. The world is a small place; don't let tales of your unprofessional behavior travel. b. Don't badmouth your employer; why make others feel bad? c. When you decide to leave, leave. Don't hang around doing work you will not be doing a very good job on. d. Return all office supplies, keys, and anything else that belongs to the company.
C
Which of the following statements regarding age and turnover is FALSE? a. Programming opportunities offered to new hires, such as orientation, can reduce the turnover of this group. b. Younger individuals are more likely to turnover than older individuals. c. Individuals who have been on the job only a short period of time are unlikely to turnover because they just got the job. d. Younger individuals have an easier time, overall, leaving a job than older individuals.
C
Which of the following statements regarding job attitudes and cultural differences is true? a. Work/family conflict lowers job satisfaction in collectivistic cultures. b. High levels of empowerment are related to high job satisfaction in India. c. Work/family conflict lowers job satisfaction in individualistic cultures. d. Low levels of empowerment are related to high job satisfaction in the USA.
C
Research suggests which of the following relationships between performance and turnover? a. Pay for performance systems have no impact on an employee's likelihood to turnover. b. The establishment of a pay for performance system in a company guarantees that high performers will stay in the firm. c. In general, good performers are more likely to leave a firm because other firms readily recognize their skills and actively seek their employment. d. Poor performers are more likely to quit their jobs compared to high performers.
D
Which of the following is an issue to keep in mind with regard to maintaining an ethical environment in the firm? a. Monitoring employee online activity is a good way of creating an ethical climate. b. Use of video cameras in the workplace will make employees feel the firm cares about ethics. c. High levels of employee monitoring increases citizenship behaviors. d. Monitoring employees may increase ethical compliance but may create a culture of mistrust.
D
Which of the following statements regarding ethical behaviors in the workplace is true? a. High levels of employee monitoring increase employee commitment to the organization. b. High levels of employee monitoring increase work performance. c. High levels of employee monitoring increase citizenship behaviors. d. High levels of employee monitoring may reduce the frequency of unethical behaviors.
D
Attitudes are more strongly related to actual behaviors than to intentions to behave.
F
Job satisfaction can be fully explained by the work environment.
F
Job satisfaction is purely environmental and is not partially due to our personality
F
Whistleblowers, or people who report wrongdoing, tend to be those who have very high levels of commitment to a company.
F
T/F Attitudes are more strongly related to actual behaviors than to intentions to behave.
False
T/F Job satisfaction can be fully explained by the work environment.
False
T/F Job satisfaction is purely environmental and is not partially due to our personality
False
T/F Whistleblowers, or people who report wrongdoing, tend to be those who have very high levels of commitment to a company.
False
Which of the following is not an issue to keep in mind with regard to maintaining an ethical environment in the firm?
High levels of employee monitoring reduces the frequency of unethical behaviors but increases citizenship behaviors.
All of the following scenarios are likely to produce strong citizenship behaviors except
Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity.
Which of the following statements regarding age and turnover is false?
Individuals who have been on the job only a short period of time are unlikely to turnover because they just got the job.
Research suggests which of the following relationships between performance and turnover?
Poor performers are more likely to quit their jobs compared to high performers.
Research indicates which of the following statements regarding factors that predict job performance is false?
Positive work attitudes and performance are unrelated.
Firms with "sick leave" policies tend to have more individuals with unscheduled absences than those with "personal day off" policies.
T
Making sense of how people behave at work depends on understanding their attitud
T
People prefer to work in companies that have an ethical environment
T
The concept of always putting work first is outdated.
T
The job characteristics of autonomy and high skill variety are positively related to organizational commitment.
T
The success of work attitude surveys depends on the perceived credibility of management by employees.
T
T/F Firms with "sick leave" policies tend to have more individuals with unscheduled absences than those with "personal day off" policies.
True
T/F Making sense of how people behave at work depends on understanding their attitudes
True
T/F People prefer to work in companies that have an ethical environment
True
T/F The concept of always putting work first is outdated.
True
T/F The job characteristics of autonomy and high skill variety are positively related to organizational commitment.
True
T/F The success of work attitude surveys depends on the perceived credibility of management by employees.
True
What type of people are more likely to have moderate levels of commitment to the company?
Whistleblowers
Indicate which of the following statements is true.
Work attitude is related to organizational citizenship behaviors.
Which of the following statements regarding work attitudes and job performance is false?
Workforce satisfaction has no impact on profitability.
Which of the following factors is not a cause of high levels of absenteeism in a firm? a. positive work attitudes b. health problems c. age of the worker d. work/life balance issues
a
Which of the following statements regarding the predictors of organizational citizenship behaviors is FALSE? a. The link between ability and citizenship behavior is stronger than the link between motivation and citizenship behavior. b. The most important factor in determining employee citizenship behavior is how employees are treated by those around them. c. People with positive affectivity tend to exhibit stronger citizenship behaviors. d. Older people tend to exhibit stronger citizenship behaviors than younger people.
a. The link between ability and citizenship behavior is stronger than the link between motivation and citizenship behavior.
Which of the following statements regarding work attitude and performance is FALSE? a. Those with the most positive work attitudes are always strong performers. b. In engineering, there tends to be a stronger link between work attitude and performance than one finds in an assembly line job. c. The correlation between commitment and performance is not strong. d. Your skill level in performing a job matters.
a. Those with the most positive work attitudes are always strong performers.
Which of the following factors is not a predictor of organizational citizenship behaviors? a. abilities b. personality c. positive work attitudes d. age of the employee
a. abilities
Which of the following factors is NOT a major predictor of organizational citizenship behaviors? a. general mental abilities b. positive work attitudes c. how we are treated at work d. personality
a. general mental abilities
Research indicates which of the following factor is the strongest predictor of job performance? a. general mental ability b. work attitudes c. stress d. positive work attitudes
a. general mental ability
Which of the following is related to lower levels of organizational commitment? a. negative affective disposition b. maintenance of the psychological contract between worker and firm c. perceived fairness of company policies d. manager consideration of our opinions and suggestions
a. negative affective disposition
An attitude is
a. our opinions, beliefs and feelings about our environment.
Which of the following statements about work attitude causes is true? a. role ambiguity can lead to job dissatisfaction. b. negative affective disposition leads to higher organizational commitment. c. stress always leads to job dissatisfaction. d. using too many skills on the job usually leads to job satisfaction because it increases stress.
a. role ambiguity can lead to job dissatisfaction.
Job satisfaction is
a. the feelings people have toward their jobs.
Employees with which of the following personality traits would experience high job satisfaction?
a. those with positive affective dispositions
Which of the following factors is not a predictor of organizational citizenship behaviors?
abilities
What refers to unscheduled absences from work?
absenteeism
Organizational commitment is the emotional _________________ people have towards the company they work for
attachment
Companies track employee work attitudes through
attitude surveys.
What refers to our opinions, beliefs, and feelings about aspects of our environment?
attitudes
Which of the following statements about work attitude causes is accurate?
b. Person/job fit is positively related to job satisfaction.
Research indicates which of the following statements regarding factors that predict job performance is FALSE? a. When we are treated well, we want to reciprocate, thus when the company treats us well, we perform more effectively. b. Positive work attitudes and performance are unrelated. c. Conscientious employees perform better than those who are not conscientious. d. High role ambiguity, and the resulting stress, can eventually lead to lower performance.
b. Positive work attitudes and performance are unrelated.
Indicate which of the following statements is true. a. A happy worker is always a productive worker. b. Work attitude is related to organizational citizenship behaviors. c. Attitude is the most important factor in performance. d. Work attitude has no impact on customer satisfaction.
b. Work attitude is related to organizational citizenship behaviors.
Companies track employee work attitudes through a. performance evaluation interviews. b. attitude surveys. c. employee suggestions. d. overhearing workplace conversations.
b. attitude surveys.
Research on the relationship between personality and job performance indicates a. people who are extraverted perform slightly less well than those who are intraverted. b. dependable people are better performers than those less dependable. c. there is little relationship between reliability and job performance. d. achievement-oriented people are so goal-oriented that they often fall short in their performance.
b. dependable people are better performers than those less dependable.
All of the following stressors lead to lower job satisfaction and organizational commitment EXCEPT:
b. high responsibility at work.
If one looks at the number of studies conducted on attitudes, which of the following seems to be the most important?
b. job satisfaction
Workforce satisfaction is related to all the following outcomes EXCEPT a. greater customer loyalty. b. more absenteeism. c. higher profitability. d. fewer accidents in the workplace.
b. more absenteeism.
Organizational commitment is
b. the emotional attachment people have toward the company they work for.
Attitude surveys conducted by companies produce more useful information if a. surveys are completed electronically. b. the management is perceived as credible by employees. c. past surveys were conducted but no action has resulted from them. d. individual survey responses are made public.
b. the management is perceived as credible by employees.
Attitude surveys conducted by companies produce more useful information if:
b. the management is perceived as credible by employees.
Attitude surveys conducted by companies produce more useful information if: a. surveys are completed electronically. b. the management is perceived as credible by employees. c. past surveys were conducted but no action has resulted from them. d. individual survey responses are made public.
b. the management is perceived as credible by employees.
In a collectivist culture, making sacrifices for work may lead to forming ____________ relations with coworkers
better
Which of the following statements is true?
c. Attitude provides clues to behavior, but situational factors also impact behavior
Which of the following statements regarding job performance is INCORRECT? a. Measures of job performance include the speed and accuracy with which the job is performed. b. One of the powerful influences on job performance is how we are treated at work. c. Contrary to what most people would think, stress has very little impact on job performance. d. Work attitudes, like job satisfaction, are moderate correlates of job performance.
c. Contrary to what most people would think, stress has very little impact on job performance.
Which of the following scenarios is likely to produce LOW levels of citizenship behaviors? a. Maria is an agreeable, conscientious employee of a large conglomerate. b. Randall's boss is extremely family-oriented and recently allowed him to leave work early to attend his son's after-school soccer game. c. Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity. d. Jennifer is a devoted employee who is happy at her work.
c. Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity.
Which of the following scenarios is likely to produce low levels of citizenship behaviors? a. Maria is an agreeable, conscientious employee of a large conglomerate. b. Randall's boss is extremely family-oriented and recently allowed him to leave work early to attend his son's after-school soccer game. c. Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity. d. Jennifer is a devoted employee who is happy at her work.
c. Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the causes of positive work attitudes? a. The notion of work/life balance is outdated. b. All stressors are bad. c. Job/person fit is positively related to job satisfaction. d. The level of coworker acceptance of an employee has no impact on the employee's commitment to the organization.
c. Job/person fit is positively related to job satisfaction.
Which of the following statements is true?
c. People who are critical of themselves experience less job satisfaction.
Which of the following statements is true of organizational commitment? a. There is very little overlap with job satisfaction. b. Organizational commitment is a strong predictor of performance. c. Those with high organizational commitment are absent less often than those who are not so committed. d. Relationships at work have little influence on organizational behavior.
c. Those with high organizational commitment are absent less often than those who are not so committed
Which of the following statements is true of organizational commitment?a. There is very little overlap with job satisfaction.b. Organizational commitment is a strong predictor of performance.c. Those with high organizational commitment are absent less often than those who are not so committed.d. Relationships at work have little influence on organizational behavior.
c. Those with high organizational commitment are absent less often than those who are not so committed
All of the following are general mental abilities EXCEPT a. reasoning skills. b. analytical skills. c. emotional intelligence. d. verbal skills.
c. emotional intelligence.
All of the following factors contribute to organizational commitment EXCEPT
c. firm competitiveness in the market.
SAS Institute has been ranked annually as "one of the best places to work." Among the reasons for such a ranking is the "perks" SAS offers its employees including all of the following EXCEPT
c. five-hour work days.
Research on relationships at work indicates all of the following EXCEPT
c. how considerate our manager is impacts our job satisfaction, but not our organizational commitment.
Research shows that all of the following impact the employee's satisfaction with the job and commitment to the organization EXCEPT
c. the firm's competitiveness.
Which of the following is accurate for the relationship between attitudes and performance? a. though you want to perform better, your skill set may prevent that from occurring. b. though you want to perform better, the equipment used at work may not be functioning properly. c. though you want to perform better, too much may be outside your control. d. All of the above.
d. All of the above.
Which of the following statements about exit interviews is true? a. A departing employee's manager should always conduct the exit interview because the immediate supervisor knew the employee best. b. An exit interview always indicates why an employee is departing a firm. c. An exit interview always indicates how management can improve so other employees will not leave. d. An exit interview should be conducted by a member of the human resource department for best results.
d. An exit interview should be conducted by a member of the human resource department for best results.
When analyzing the information on work attitudes and aspects of the work environment, which of the following statements is true? a. Attitudes always predict behavior in the work environment. b. People with negative work attitudes never perform well. c. Personality and organizational citizenship are the two key attitudes that are the most relevant to important outcomes in the work environment. d. Maintenance of the psychological contract helps develop organizational commitment.
d. Maintenance of the psychological contract helps develop organizational commitment.
Which of the following statements regarding employee happiness at work is FALSE?
d. Pay is the most important aspect of job satisfaction.
Which of the following statements regarding work attitudes and job performance is accurate? a. Work attitudes are more strongly related to job performance than they are to organizational citizenship behaviors. b. If you want to perform better, you will actually perform better. c. Workforce satisfaction has an impact on profitability. d. People who are happy at work are more satisfied in their overall life too.
d. People who are happy at work are more satisfied in their overall life too.
All of the following general mental abilities refer to a. reasoning abilities. b. verbal and numerical skills. c. analytical skills. d. all of the above
d. all of the above
All of the following general mental abilities refer to a. reasoning abilities. b. verbal and numerical skills. c. analytical skills. d. all of the above
d. all of the above
All of the following factors contribute to job satisfaction EXCEPT
d. firm competitiveness in the market.
hich of the following factors is a major predictor of job performance? a. work/life balance issues b. employee age c. employee personality d. how we are treated at work
d. how we are treated at work
Happiness at work can be enhanced by
d. knowing yourself and what you want from the job.
SAS Institute's commitment to its employees is demonstrated through all of the following programs EXCEPT
d. paying employees below market salaries but offering additional perks.
Research on job characteristics indicate that
d. people who have high growth need tend to expect their jobs to help them build new skills.
Organizational citizenship behaviors include all of the following EXCEPT a. working voluntary overtime. b. assisting new employees. c. speaking positively about the organization. d. performing the duties in one's job description.
d. performing the duties in one's job description.
Research on work attitudes and performance indicates a. work attitudes are strong correlates of job performance. b. work attitudes are a stronger correlate of performance in complex jobs than in simpler jobs. c. dissatisfied employees always reduce performance level. d. work attitudes are a moderate correlate of performance.
d. work attitudes are a moderate correlate of performance.
Research on the relationship between personality and job performance indicates
dependable people are better performers than those less dependable.
A departing employee's manager is the best person to conduct the exit interview.
false
A happy worker is always a productive worker.
false
Age is positively related to both frequency and duration of absenteeism.
false
All stress on the job is bad.
false
Attitudes are more strongly related to behaviors than to intentions to behave.
false
General mental ability is likely the most important factor explaining employee citizenship behaviors.
false
If you don't like your job, it is likely you will reduce your performance.
false
In organizations that have a pay for performance system, overall turnover level will be lower.
false
Maria just completed a series of personality assessments and is found to have the traits of external locus of control and introversion. Given the results of studies on attitude, it is likely she also has positive work attitudes.
false
Personality is the main reason why individuals turnover in a firm.
false
SAS Institute is a pioneer in perks given by the company with the philosophy that the firm should "offer everything but the kitchen sink" to maintain employee satisfaction.
false
The importance of higher general mental ability for high performance is stronger for manual labor positions than management positions.
false
The relationship between positive work attitude and behavior is clear.
false
Whistleblowers, or people who report wrongdoing, tend to be those who have very high levels of commitment to a company.
false
Work/family conflict lowers job satisfaction in collectivistic cultures.
false
Young people exhibit higher citizenship behaviors than older people.
false
ob satisfaction can be fully explained by the work environment.
false
The difference between job satisfaction and job engagement is job satisfaction refers to the _______________ of people and job engagement refers to the ________________ of one's mental, emotional, and physical energies in their wor
feelings, investment
The difference between job satisfaction and job engagement is job satisfaction refers to the _______________ of people and job engagement refers to the ________________ of one's mental, emotional, and physical energies in their work
feelings, investment
Research indicates which of the following factor is the strongest predictor of job performance?
general mental ability
What can reduce turnovers when employees have strong links to the organization and leaving would entail sacrifices?
job embeddedness
In an individualistic culture, work-family conflicts were found to __________ job satisfaction
lower
What are voluntary behaviors employees perform to help others and benefit the organization?
organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB)
What refers to the degree to which a person's personality, values, goals, and other characteristics match those of the organization?
person-organization fit
Which of the following factors is not a cause of absenteeism in a firm?
positive work attitudes
What is an unwritten understanding between the employee and the company
psychological contract
What is an unwritten understanding between the employee and the company?
psychological contract
What occurs when an employee doesn't get what they expected?
psychological contract breach
Based on the number of studies conducted, job satisfaction is the most important job attitude.
true
Behavior is influenced by attitudes and situations.
true
Employees are happier at work if they are socially accepted in their work groups.
true
Firms with "sick leave" policies tend to have more individuals with unscheduled absences than those with "personal day off" policies.
true
In China, absence from work due to illness is considered relatively unacceptable.
true
Natalia is assisting new employee Jane by showing her around the facility. This is an example of organizational citizenship behavior.
true
People with positive affective dispositions tend to be more satisfied with their jobs.
true
Person/job fit and person/organization fit are positively related to job satisfaction.
true
Realistic job previews help prevent breaches of the psychological contract.
true
SAS Institute advocates its employees create a work/life balance by suggesting, "If you are working more than 8 hours, you are just adding bugs."
true
The concept of always putting work life first is outdated.
true
The job characteristics of autonomy and high skill variety are related to organizational commitment.
true
The most powerful influence on job performance is general mental ability.
true
The success of work attitude surveys depends on the perceived credibility of management by employees.
true
There is a high overlap between job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
true
When an employee is treated well, he wants to reciprocate, so he performs his job more effectively.
true
What refers to an employee leaving an organization?
turnover